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Spurious correlation #4,357 · View random

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Votes for Democratic Senators in Kentucky and the second variable is Carnival Corporation's stock price (CCL).  The chart goes from 2002 to 2020, and the two variables track closely in value over that time. Small Image
Download png
, svg

AI explanation

Perhaps the thought of all those blue waves had people dreaming of cruises to escape the political turmoil. Plus, who wouldn't want to set sail and debate the best buffet options instead of actual politics?

Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Generate an image of a group of Cyber folk in various colorful and futuristic attire, all sporting "I Voted" stickers. They stand in an orderly line, waiting to board a vibrant and technologically advanced Carnival cruise ship. The ship's design should be sleek and colorful, with patterns reminiscent of circuit boards and pixelated waves. Each person should be holding a boarding pass, which they hand over to the uniformed crew. In the background, a large digital screen prominently displays the stock ticker for Carnival Corporation (CCL), indicating a slight uptick in price. The scene exudes an atmosphere of excitement and anticipation as the Cyber folk look forward to setting sail and enjoying the amenities and activities on the ship, leaving behind the world of politics as they eagerly discuss the buffet options and relaxation ahead. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Democrat votes for Senators in Kentucky and Carnival Corporation's stock price (CCL). Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Cute cartoon Low poly Cyber folk Woodblock painting Cyber folk
ChatGPT: Cyber folk

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Democrat votes for Senators in Kentucky and Carnival Corporation's stock price (CCL), in the following situation: Perhaps the thought of all those blue waves had people dreaming of cruises to escape the political turmoil. Plus, who wouldn't want to set sail and debate the best buffet options instead of actual politics?. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: A group of people wearing "I Voted" stickers, all with blue waves and donkey symbols, stand in line to board a colorful Carnival cruise ship. As they hand over their boarding passes, the stock ticker for Carnival Corporation (CCL) flashes on a nearby screen, showing a slight uptick in price. They excitedly chat about relaxing on the ship, leaving politics behind, and savoring the buffet options.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ Cyber folk ] and depicting this scene: A group of people wearing "I Voted" stickers, all with blue waves and donkey symbols, stand in line to board a colorful Carnival cruise ship. As they hand over their boarding passes, the stock ticker for Carnival Corporation (CCL) flashes on a nearby screen, showing a slight uptick in price. They excitedly chat about relaxing on the ship, leaving politics behind, and savoring the buffet options. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Generate an image of a group of Cyber folk in various colorful and futuristic attire, all sporting "I Voted" stickers. They stand in an orderly line, waiting to board a vibrant and technologically advanced Carnival cruise ship. The ship's design should be sleek and colorful, with patterns reminiscent of circuit boards and pixelated waves. Each person should be holding a boarding pass, which they hand over to the uniformed crew. In the background, a large digital screen prominently displays the stock ticker for Carnival Corporation (CCL), indicating a slight uptick in price. The scene exudes an atmosphere of excitement and anticipation as the Cyber folk look forward to setting sail and enjoying the amenities and activities on the ship, leaving behind the world of politics as they eagerly discuss the buffet options and relaxation ahead.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in Democrat votes for Senators in Kentucky caused Carnival Corporation's stock price (CCL) to increase.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.05)
Democratic Dilemma: The Dance of Democrat Votes in Kentucky and the Dance of Carnival Corporation's Stock Price

The Journal of Political Comedy and Financial Folly

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!
Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.




Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Democrat votes for Senators in Kentucky and Carnival Corporation's stock price (CCL). Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Make the title an alliteration.

Your research team used data from MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.8002156 and p < 0.05 for 2002 to 2020.

Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)

[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit

[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit



ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
Democratic Dilemma: The Dance of Democrat Votes in Kentucky and the Dance of Carnival Corporation's Stock Price

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper investigates the curious relationship between the political landscape in the state of Kentucky and the financial market performance of Carnival Corporation (CCL). Leveraging data from MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse, and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we explore the connection between the voting behavior for Democratic senators in Kentucky and the stock price fluctuations of Carnival Corporation from 2002 to 2020. Our analysis uncovers a noteworthy correlation coefficient of 0.8002156, suggesting a statistically significant association between these seemingly disparate factors (p < 0.05).

Upon closer examination of the data, we uncovered an intriguing dance between the electorate's political leanings and the financial market performance of Carnival Corporation. The findings highlight an unconventional link that goes beyond the conventional wisdom of political and market dynamics. While cautious interpretation is warranted, the implications of this unexpected correlation are certainly fodder for both political and financial discourse.

Through this unconventional investigation, we hope to encourage further exploration of the whimsical and unpredictable connections that shape our world, demonstrating that in the realm of research, even the most unexpected findings can invite a merry waltz of inquiry and imagination.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Democrat votes for Senators in Kentucky and Carnival Corporation's stock price (CCL). Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Democratic Dilemma: The Dance of Democrat Votes in Kentucky and the Dance of Carnival Corporation's Stock Price

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper investigates the curious relationship between the political landscape in the state of Kentucky and the financial market performance of Carnival Corporation (CCL). Leveraging data from MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse, and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we explore the connection between the voting behavior for Democratic senators in Kentucky and the stock price fluctuations of Carnival Corporation from 2002 to 2020. Our analysis uncovers a noteworthy correlation coefficient of 0.8002156, suggesting a statistically significant association between these seemingly disparate factors (p < 0.05).

Upon closer examination of the data, we uncovered an intriguing dance between the electorate's political leanings and the financial market performance of Carnival Corporation. The findings highlight an unconventional link that goes beyond the conventional wisdom of political and market dynamics. While cautious interpretation is warranted, the implications of this unexpected correlation are certainly fodder for both political and financial discourse.

Through this unconventional investigation, we hope to encourage further exploration of the whimsical and unpredictable connections that shape our world, demonstrating that in the realm of research, even the most unexpected findings can invite a merry waltz of inquiry and imagination.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[INTRODUCTION]]



ChatGPT:
Introduction

In the riveting and often perplexing terrain of political and financial landscapes, unexpected correlations have the unique ability to captivate and confound researchers and pundits alike. It is within this realm of whimsical serendipity that we embark on a scholarly odyssey to unravel the peculiar connection between the voting habits of Democratic senators in the state of Kentucky and the stock price fluctuations of Carnival Corporation (CCL). While on the surface, this pairing may seem as logically consistent as cats herding sheep, our endeavor highlights a compelling linkage that defies conventional wisdom.

Our foray into this uncharted territory welcomes us to suspend disbelief and embrace the undulating rhythms of statistical analysis and empirical inquiry. In traversing this terrain, we have employed a multifaceted approach, harnessing data from reputable sources such as MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse, and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv). Through the stringent application of statistical methodologies and econometric modeling, we aim to illuminate an enigmatic relationship that, at first glance, may seem as improbable as statistical significance at a carnival fortune-telling booth.

The barn dance of variables in this analysis is underpinned by an exploration of the voting behaviors for Democratic senators in Kentucky and the stock market performance of Carnival Corporation from 2002 to 2020. Our meticulous investigation has revealed a correlation coefficient worthy of exclamation and analysis—a resounding 0.8002156, with a p-value signaling statistical significance at a level that would make even the most stoic of researchers tap their feet in silent wonder.

In unraveling the strands of this curious association, we stumbled upon an intricate tapestry of political leanings and financial market dynamics that entwine in a manner that transcends standard metrics of causality. This unorthodox correlation beckons us to dig deeper, not merely to uncover the logic behind this unlikely fusion, but to celebrate the bounty of diversity and complexity in the fabric of empirical research. For in the dance of science, as in life, it takes both a quantitative mind and an eye for the unexpected to waltz through the delightful and unforeseen connections that shape our world.

In the subsequent sections of this paper, we dissect the nuances of this curious pairing, delving into the idiosyncrasies of Kentucky's political landscape and the mercurial fluctuations of Carnival Corporation's stock price, for within this endeavor lies the promise of uncovering the delightful secrets that lurk beneath the veneer of statistical and intuitive understanding. So, let us bravely embark on this merry journey of inquiry and imagination, for in the realm of research, even the most unexpected findings lead us to a delightful waltz of discovery.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Democrat votes for Senators in Kentucky and Carnival Corporation's stock price (CCL). Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then devolve ever further, and mention something completely ridiculous, like you conducted literature review by reading CVS receipts.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Democratic Dilemma: The Dance of Democrat Votes in Kentucky and the Dance of Carnival Corporation's Stock Price

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper investigates the curious relationship between the political landscape in the state of Kentucky and the financial market performance of Carnival Corporation (CCL). Leveraging data from MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse, and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we explore the connection between the voting behavior for Democratic senators in Kentucky and the stock price fluctuations of Carnival Corporation from 2002 to 2020. Our analysis uncovers a noteworthy correlation coefficient of 0.8002156, suggesting a statistically significant association between these seemingly disparate factors (p < 0.05).

Upon closer examination of the data, we uncovered an intriguing dance between the electorate's political leanings and the financial market performance of Carnival Corporation. The findings highlight an unconventional link that goes beyond the conventional wisdom of political and market dynamics. While cautious interpretation is warranted, the implications of this unexpected correlation are certainly fodder for both political and financial discourse.

Through this unconventional investigation, we hope to encourage further exploration of the whimsical and unpredictable connections that shape our world, demonstrating that in the realm of research, even the most unexpected findings can invite a merry waltz of inquiry and imagination.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
Introduction
In the riveting and often perplexing terrain of political and financial landscapes, unexpected correlations have the unique ability to captivate and confound researchers and pundits alike. It is within this realm of whimsical serendipity that we embark on a scholarly odyssey to unravel the peculiar connection between the voting habits of Democratic senators in the state of Kentucky and the stock price fluctuations of Carnival Corporation (CCL). While on the surface, this pairing may seem as logically consistent as cats herding sheep, our endeavor highlights a compelling linkage that defies conventional wisdom.
Our foray into this uncharted territory welcomes us to suspend disbelief and embrace the undulating rhythms of statistical analysis and empirical inquiry. In traversing this terrain, we have employed a multifaceted approach, harnessing data from reputable sources such as MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse, and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv). Through the stringent application of statistical methodologies and econometric modeling, we aim to illuminate an enigmatic relationship that, at first glance, may seem as improbable as statistical significance at a carnival fortune-telling booth.
The barn dance of variables in this analysis is underpinned by an exploration of the voting behaviors for Democratic senators in Kentucky and the stock market performance of Carnival Corporation from 2002 to 2020. Our meticulous investigation has revealed a correlation coefficient worthy of exclamation and analysis—a resounding 0.8002156, with a p-value signaling statistical significance at a level that would make even the most stoic of researchers tap their feet in silent wonder.
In unraveling the strands of this curious association, we stumbled upon an intricate tapestry of political leanings and financial market dynamics that entwine in a manner that transcends standard metrics of causality. This unorthodox correlation beckons us to dig deeper, not merely to uncover the logic behind this unlikely fusion, but to celebrate the bounty of diversity and complexity in the fabric of empirical research. For in the dance of science, as in life, it takes both a quantitative mind and an eye for the unexpected to waltz through the delightful and unforeseen connections that shape our world.
In the subsequent sections of this paper, we dissect the nuances of this curious pairing, delving into the idiosyncrasies of Kentucky's political landscape and the mercurial fluctuations of Carnival Corporation's stock price, for within this endeavor lies the promise of uncovering the delightful secrets that lurk beneath the veneer of statistical and intuitive understanding. So, let us bravely embark on this merry journey of inquiry and imagination, for in the realm of research, even the most unexpected findings lead us to a delightful waltz of discovery.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]



ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

In their seminal work on political voting patterns, Smith and Doe (2005) examined the factors influencing voter behavior in the state of Kentucky, shedding light on the historical roots and prevailing sentiments that shape the electorate's political leanings. Their study, while insightful, did not anticipate the fanciful tango that ensues when considering the unorthodox connection to the stock market fluctuations of Carnival Corporation.

Jones (2012) delved into the intricate world of financial market analysis, offering a rigorous examination of stock price dynamics and the myriad forces that sway market movements. Yet, amidst the complex web of economic factors, the unmistakable influence of Kentucky's Democratic senatorial votes on Carnival Corporation's stock price remains an untold anecdote in the narrative of market analysis.

Turning to non-fiction literature, "The Power of Perception: Understanding Political Influence on Financial Markets" by John Smith explores the subtle nuances of political behaviors and their impact on market movements. Similarly, "Market Magic: Unveiling the Mysteries of Stock Price Fluctuations" by Jane Doe navigates the enigmatic forces that shape financial market trajectories. However, both tomes fail to lift the veil on the whimsical synchronicity between Kentucky's political landscape and Carnival Corporation's stock performance.

Venturing into the realm of fiction that could be tangentially related, "The Political Pandora" by A. J. Jones traverses the whimsical interplay of political gambits and market machinations, offering a fanciful exploration that, while fictional, parallels the bewitching dynamics uncovered in our empirical analysis. Likewise, "Stockholm Stockholm: A Tale of Dancing Stocks" by J. K. Rowling weaves a fantastical narrative of stock market escapades, inviting readers to suspend disbelief and embrace the peculiar connections that animate our financial world.

In an unexpected turn of inquiry, the researchers also perused a trove of CVS receipts, hoping to glean insights from the transactional minutiae of daily purchases. Although the receipts did not yield direct correlation coefficients or p-values, they did, in a delightfully unexpected manner, provide an abundance of coupon codes and loyalty points. While fortuitously merry, the endeavor did not yield substantial findings pertinent to our investigation.

In light of the aforementioned literature and our offbeat scholarly pursuits, we are confronted with a delightful conundrum, much like a masquerade ball where senators and stock prices dance in unforeseen cohesion. As we continue our merry waltz through this research, we remain eager to provoke further imagination and inquiry, shedding light on the whimsy and wonder that underpin the uncharted intersections of political landscapes and financial market dynamics.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Democrat votes for Senators in Kentucky and Carnival Corporation's stock price (CCL). Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) . You used data from 2002 to 2020

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Democratic Dilemma: The Dance of Democrat Votes in Kentucky and the Dance of Carnival Corporation's Stock Price

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper investigates the curious relationship between the political landscape in the state of Kentucky and the financial market performance of Carnival Corporation (CCL). Leveraging data from MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse, and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we explore the connection between the voting behavior for Democratic senators in Kentucky and the stock price fluctuations of Carnival Corporation from 2002 to 2020. Our analysis uncovers a noteworthy correlation coefficient of 0.8002156, suggesting a statistically significant association between these seemingly disparate factors (p < 0.05).

Upon closer examination of the data, we uncovered an intriguing dance between the electorate's political leanings and the financial market performance of Carnival Corporation. The findings highlight an unconventional link that goes beyond the conventional wisdom of political and market dynamics. While cautious interpretation is warranted, the implications of this unexpected correlation are certainly fodder for both political and financial discourse.

Through this unconventional investigation, we hope to encourage further exploration of the whimsical and unpredictable connections that shape our world, demonstrating that in the realm of research, even the most unexpected findings can invite a merry waltz of inquiry and imagination.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
Introduction
In the riveting and often perplexing terrain of political and financial landscapes, unexpected correlations have the unique ability to captivate and confound researchers and pundits alike. It is within this realm of whimsical serendipity that we embark on a scholarly odyssey to unravel the peculiar connection between the voting habits of Democratic senators in the state of Kentucky and the stock price fluctuations of Carnival Corporation (CCL). While on the surface, this pairing may seem as logically consistent as cats herding sheep, our endeavor highlights a compelling linkage that defies conventional wisdom.
Our foray into this uncharted territory welcomes us to suspend disbelief and embrace the undulating rhythms of statistical analysis and empirical inquiry. In traversing this terrain, we have employed a multifaceted approach, harnessing data from reputable sources such as MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse, and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv). Through the stringent application of statistical methodologies and econometric modeling, we aim to illuminate an enigmatic relationship that, at first glance, may seem as improbable as statistical significance at a carnival fortune-telling booth.
The barn dance of variables in this analysis is underpinned by an exploration of the voting behaviors for Democratic senators in Kentucky and the stock market performance of Carnival Corporation from 2002 to 2020. Our meticulous investigation has revealed a correlation coefficient worthy of exclamation and analysis—a resounding 0.8002156, with a p-value signaling statistical significance at a level that would make even the most stoic of researchers tap their feet in silent wonder.
In unraveling the strands of this curious association, we stumbled upon an intricate tapestry of political leanings and financial market dynamics that entwine in a manner that transcends standard metrics of causality. This unorthodox correlation beckons us to dig deeper, not merely to uncover the logic behind this unlikely fusion, but to celebrate the bounty of diversity and complexity in the fabric of empirical research. For in the dance of science, as in life, it takes both a quantitative mind and an eye for the unexpected to waltz through the delightful and unforeseen connections that shape our world.
In the subsequent sections of this paper, we dissect the nuances of this curious pairing, delving into the idiosyncrasies of Kentucky's political landscape and the mercurial fluctuations of Carnival Corporation's stock price, for within this endeavor lies the promise of uncovering the delightful secrets that lurk beneath the veneer of statistical and intuitive understanding. So, let us bravely embark on this merry journey of inquiry and imagination, for in the realm of research, even the most unexpected findings lead us to a delightful waltz of discovery.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]



ChatGPT:

METHODOLOGY

To embark upon our expedition into the curious intertwining of Democratic votes in Kentucky and Carnival Corporation's stock price, we utilized a multifaceted approach that combined statistical analyses, econometric modeling, and a sprinkling of whimsy. The data for this study was primarily sourced from the venerable MIT Election Data and Science Lab, the esteemed Harvard Dataverse, and the ever-insightful LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv).

Data Collection and Variable Selection
Our research voyage commenced with the meticulous collection of information on the voting behavior for Democratic senators in Kentucky and the stock market performance of Carnival Corporation from the whimsically arbitrary years 2002 to 2020. We selected these variables with the care of a botanist choosing the finest specimens for a garden, seeking to capture the merry dance of democracy and the capricious pirouettes of stock market fortunes.

Data Cleaning and Preprocessing
In wrangling the data, much like attempting to shepherd an unruly flock of statistical sheep, we engaged in the thorough process of cleaning, validating, and imputing missing values. This ensured that our analysis was as uncluttered and precise as a well-organized laboratory, albeit one sprinkled with a dash of delightful unpredictability.

Statistical Analyses
With our data harmonized and primed for analysis, we unleashed the full armory of statistical techniques upon it, wielding methods such as regression analysis, time series modeling, and hypothesis testing. We scrutinized our findings with the acuity of a discerning sleuth, determined to uncover any hidden patterns and connections that might elude the untrained eye.

Econometric Modeling
In our pursuit of understanding the enigmatic association between Democratic votes in Kentucky and Carnival Corporation's stock price, we employed sophisticated econometric models, embracing the challenges of endogeneity and heteroscedasticity with an audacity that rivaled the feats of the most intrepid of tightrope walkers.

Robustness Checks and Sensitivity Analysis
No journey into the realm of empirical inquiry would be complete without subjecting our findings to the crucible of robustness checks and sensitivity analyses. We prodded and poked at our results from every conceivable angle, ensuring that our conclusions stood firm against the tempestuous winds of statistical skepticism.

Interpretation and Implications
Emblazoned with the revelation of a correlation coefficient akin to stumbling upon a hidden treasure map, we interpreted our findings with a cautious optimism that mirrored the thrill of unraveling a cryptic riddle. As we peeled back the layers of this unanticipated correlation, its implications beckoned us to ponder the uncharted territories of political and financial dynamics with a mix of intrigue and bewilderment.

In the next meandering section of this whimsical expedition, we present the results of our analysis, inviting readers to partake in the merry waltz of discovery and contemplation. For in this curious convergence of politics and finance, as in the realm of empirical inquiry itself, the unexpected often holds the key to the most delightful revelations.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Democrat votes for Senators in Kentucky and Carnival Corporation's stock price (CCL). Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) .

For the time period 2002 to 2020, you found a correlation 0.8002156, r-squared of 0.6403451, and p < 0.05.

One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Democratic Dilemma: The Dance of Democrat Votes in Kentucky and the Dance of Carnival Corporation's Stock Price

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper investigates the curious relationship between the political landscape in the state of Kentucky and the financial market performance of Carnival Corporation (CCL). Leveraging data from MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse, and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we explore the connection between the voting behavior for Democratic senators in Kentucky and the stock price fluctuations of Carnival Corporation from 2002 to 2020. Our analysis uncovers a noteworthy correlation coefficient of 0.8002156, suggesting a statistically significant association between these seemingly disparate factors (p < 0.05).

Upon closer examination of the data, we uncovered an intriguing dance between the electorate's political leanings and the financial market performance of Carnival Corporation. The findings highlight an unconventional link that goes beyond the conventional wisdom of political and market dynamics. While cautious interpretation is warranted, the implications of this unexpected correlation are certainly fodder for both political and financial discourse.

Through this unconventional investigation, we hope to encourage further exploration of the whimsical and unpredictable connections that shape our world, demonstrating that in the realm of research, even the most unexpected findings can invite a merry waltz of inquiry and imagination.

-------

And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
Introduction
In the riveting and often perplexing terrain of political and financial landscapes, unexpected correlations have the unique ability to captivate and confound researchers and pundits alike. It is within this realm of whimsical serendipity that we embark on a scholarly odyssey to unravel the peculiar connection between the voting habits of Democratic senators in the state of Kentucky and the stock price fluctuations of Carnival Corporation (CCL). While on the surface, this pairing may seem as logically consistent as cats herding sheep, our endeavor highlights a compelling linkage that defies conventional wisdom.
Our foray into this uncharted territory welcomes us to suspend disbelief and embrace the undulating rhythms of statistical analysis and empirical inquiry. In traversing this terrain, we have employed a multifaceted approach, harnessing data from reputable sources such as MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse, and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv). Through the stringent application of statistical methodologies and econometric modeling, we aim to illuminate an enigmatic relationship that, at first glance, may seem as improbable as statistical significance at a carnival fortune-telling booth.
The barn dance of variables in this analysis is underpinned by an exploration of the voting behaviors for Democratic senators in Kentucky and the stock market performance of Carnival Corporation from 2002 to 2020. Our meticulous investigation has revealed a correlation coefficient worthy of exclamation and analysis—a resounding 0.8002156, with a p-value signaling statistical significance at a level that would make even the most stoic of researchers tap their feet in silent wonder.
In unraveling the strands of this curious association, we stumbled upon an intricate tapestry of political leanings and financial market dynamics that entwine in a manner that transcends standard metrics of causality. This unorthodox correlation beckons us to dig deeper, not merely to uncover the logic behind this unlikely fusion, but to celebrate the bounty of diversity and complexity in the fabric of empirical research. For in the dance of science, as in life, it takes both a quantitative mind and an eye for the unexpected to waltz through the delightful and unforeseen connections that shape our world.
In the subsequent sections of this paper, we dissect the nuances of this curious pairing, delving into the idiosyncrasies of Kentucky's political landscape and the mercurial fluctuations of Carnival Corporation's stock price, for within this endeavor lies the promise of uncovering the delightful secrets that lurk beneath the veneer of statistical and intuitive understanding. So, let us bravely embark on this merry journey of inquiry and imagination, for in the realm of research, even the most unexpected findings lead us to a delightful waltz of discovery.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[RESULTS]]



ChatGPT:

[[RESULTS]]

The analysis of the data revealed a striking correlation coefficient of 0.8002156 between the votes for Democratic senators in Kentucky and the stock price fluctuations of Carnival Corporation (CCL) from 2002 to 2020. This correlation coefficient suggests a robust positive relationship between these seemingly incongruent variables. The r-squared value of 0.6403451 further underscores the strength of this association, indicating that approximately 64.03% of the variance in Carnival Corporation's stock price can be explained by the voting behavior for Democratic senators in Kentucky during the specified period.

Perhaps the most compelling aspect of these findings is the p-value, which was found to be less than 0.05, signifying that the observed correlation is statistically significant. It's a result so statistically significant, it would make even the most avid statistician do a double-take, akin to stumbling upon a unicorn in a field of sample distributions.

Furthermore, in Figure 1 (not shown), a scatterplot illustrates the strong positive relationship between the votes for Democratic senators in Kentucky and Carnival Corporation's stock price, providing a visual representation of the dance between these two variables. It's a dance that, were it a foxtrot, would undoubtedly receive rave reviews from both Wall Street and Capitol Hill.

The discovery of this unexpected correlation serves as a testament to the peculiar and unpredictable connections that underpin the intricate tapestry of research and empirical inquiry. It demonstrates that even in the realms of politics and finance, there are merry waltzes of inquiry waiting to be discovered, reminding us that in the dance of statistical analysis, the most astonishing results can often lead to the liveliest discussions.

In light of these findings, it's clear that the intertwining of politics and market dynamics transcends traditional notions of causality, resulting in a unique fusion that beckons further exploration. While this study offers a tantalizing glimpse into the unrecognized interplay between these variables, it opens the door for a broader dialogue, showcasing the intricate threads of connection that weave through the fabric of our quantitative understanding. And just as in any good research, these findings invite us to embrace the unexpected, encouraging us to waltz into the unexplored and revel in the whimsical twists and turns that shape our scholarly endeavors.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Democrat votes for Senators in Kentucky and Carnival Corporation's stock price (CCL). Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
Democratic Dilemma: The Dance of Democrat Votes in Kentucky and the Dance of Carnival Corporation's Stock Price

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper investigates the curious relationship between the political landscape in the state of Kentucky and the financial market performance of Carnival Corporation (CCL). Leveraging data from MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse, and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we explore the connection between the voting behavior for Democratic senators in Kentucky and the stock price fluctuations of Carnival Corporation from 2002 to 2020. Our analysis uncovers a noteworthy correlation coefficient of 0.8002156, suggesting a statistically significant association between these seemingly disparate factors (p < 0.05).

Upon closer examination of the data, we uncovered an intriguing dance between the electorate's political leanings and the financial market performance of Carnival Corporation. The findings highlight an unconventional link that goes beyond the conventional wisdom of political and market dynamics. While cautious interpretation is warranted, the implications of this unexpected correlation are certainly fodder for both political and financial discourse.

Through this unconventional investigation, we hope to encourage further exploration of the whimsical and unpredictable connections that shape our world, demonstrating that in the realm of research, even the most unexpected findings can invite a merry waltz of inquiry and imagination.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
In their seminal work on political voting patterns, Smith and Doe (2005) examined the factors influencing voter behavior in the state of Kentucky, shedding light on the historical roots and prevailing sentiments that shape the electorate's political leanings. Their study, while insightful, did not anticipate the fanciful tango that ensues when considering the unorthodox connection to the stock market fluctuations of Carnival Corporation.
Jones (2012) delved into the intricate world of financial market analysis, offering a rigorous examination of stock price dynamics and the myriad forces that sway market movements. Yet, amidst the complex web of economic factors, the unmistakable influence of Kentucky's Democratic senatorial votes on Carnival Corporation's stock price remains an untold anecdote in the narrative of market analysis.
Turning to non-fiction literature, "The Power of Perception: Understanding Political Influence on Financial Markets" by John Smith explores the subtle nuances of political behaviors and their impact on market movements. Similarly, "Market Magic: Unveiling the Mysteries of Stock Price Fluctuations" by Jane Doe navigates the enigmatic forces that shape financial market trajectories. However, both tomes fail to lift the veil on the whimsical synchronicity between Kentucky's political landscape and Carnival Corporation's stock performance.
Venturing into the realm of fiction that could be tangentially related, "The Political Pandora" by A. J. Jones traverses the whimsical interplay of political gambits and market machinations, offering a fanciful exploration that, while fictional, parallels the bewitching dynamics uncovered in our empirical analysis. Likewise, "Stockholm Stockholm: A Tale of Dancing Stocks" by J. K. Rowling weaves a fantastical narrative of stock market escapades, inviting readers to suspend disbelief and embrace the peculiar connections that animate our financial world.
In an unexpected turn of inquiry, the researchers also perused a trove of CVS receipts, hoping to glean insights from the transactional minutiae of daily purchases. Although the receipts did not yield direct correlation coefficients or p-values, they did, in a delightfully unexpected manner, provide an abundance of coupon codes and loyalty points. While fortuitously merry, the endeavor did not yield substantial findings pertinent to our investigation.
In light of the aforementioned literature and our offbeat scholarly pursuits, we are confronted with a delightful conundrum, much like a masquerade ball where senators and stock prices dance in unforeseen cohesion. As we continue our merry waltz through this research, we remain eager to provoke further imagination and inquiry, shedding light on the whimsy and wonder that underpin the uncharted intersections of political landscapes and financial market dynamics.

[[RESULTS]]
The analysis of the data revealed a striking correlation coefficient of 0.8002156 between the votes for Democratic senators in Kentucky and the stock price fluctuations of Carnival Corporation (CCL) from 2002 to 2020. This correlation coefficient suggests a robust positive relationship between these seemingly incongruent variables. The r-squared value of 0.6403451 further underscores the strength of this association, indicating that approximately 64.03% of the variance in Carnival Corporation's stock price can be explained by the voting behavior for Democratic senators in Kentucky during the specified period.
Perhaps the most compelling aspect of these findings is the p-value, which was found to be less than 0.05, signifying that the observed correlation is statistically significant. It's a result so statistically significant, it would make even the most avid statistician do a double-take, akin to stumbling upon a unicorn in a field of sample distributions.
Furthermore, in Figure 1 (not shown), a scatterplot illustrates the strong positive relationship between the votes for Democratic senators in Kentucky and Carnival Corporation's stock price, providing a visual representation of the dance between these two variables. It's a dance that, were it a foxtrot, would undoubtedly receive rave reviews from both Wall Street and Capitol Hill.
The discovery of this unexpected correlation serves as a testament to the peculiar and unpredictable connections that underpin the intricate tapestry of research and empirical inquiry. It demonstrates that even in the realms of politics and finance, there are merry waltzes of inquiry waiting to be discovered, reminding us that in the dance of statistical analysis, the most astonishing results can often lead to the liveliest discussions.
In light of these findings, it's clear that the intertwining of politics and market dynamics transcends traditional notions of causality, resulting in a unique fusion that beckons further exploration. While this study offers a tantalizing glimpse into the unrecognized interplay between these variables, it opens the door for a broader dialogue, showcasing the intricate threads of connection that weave through the fabric of our quantitative understanding. And just as in any good research, these findings invite us to embrace the unexpected, encouraging us to waltz into the unexplored and revel in the whimsical twists and turns that shape our scholarly endeavors.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

The results of our investigation have unveiled a bewildering correlation between the Democratic voting behavior in Kentucky and the stock price gyrations of Carnival Corporation (CCL). It’s a result as confounding as trying to solve an equation with an unknown quantity of confetti thrown into the mix. Our findings align with the musings of Smith and Doe (2005) and their exploration of the historical roots and prevailing sentiments that mold Kentucky's political leanings. They probably never imagined a political sway producing stock market tremors akin to an aftershock from a particularly vigorous hoedown. Furthermore, our results lend credence to Jones' (2012) work, as it turns out that amidst the complex web of economic forces, the unmistakable influence of Kentucky's Democratic senatorial votes on Carnival Corporation's stock price is as tangible as a rainy day on Wall Street.

Our discovery of the compelling correlation coefficient and its statistically significant p-value reinforces the notion that even in the realm of research and statistical analytics, there's room for a bit of whimsy. The strong positive relationship depicted in the scatterplot resembles a graceful waltz between two seemingly incongruous partners, or as one might jest, a political potluck intertwined with a stock market soiree.

Although our investigation has peeled back the curtain on this curious amalgamation of politics and market dynamics, it also beckons to all that we must approach this with a sense of scholarly wonder and curiosity. It's akin to a rollercoaster ride through a realm where political gambits and market machinations intersect in an undulating dance, with more twists and turns than a statistical analysis manual. As we remove our scholarly monocles and don our dancing shoes, let us cha-cha-cha into an unexplored carnival of inquiry, embracing the whimsical twists and turns that underpin our iridescent quest for understanding.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Democrat votes for Senators in Kentucky and Carnival Corporation's stock price (CCL). Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
Democratic Dilemma: The Dance of Democrat Votes in Kentucky and the Dance of Carnival Corporation's Stock Price

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper investigates the curious relationship between the political landscape in the state of Kentucky and the financial market performance of Carnival Corporation (CCL). Leveraging data from MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse, and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we explore the connection between the voting behavior for Democratic senators in Kentucky and the stock price fluctuations of Carnival Corporation from 2002 to 2020. Our analysis uncovers a noteworthy correlation coefficient of 0.8002156, suggesting a statistically significant association between these seemingly disparate factors (p < 0.05).

Upon closer examination of the data, we uncovered an intriguing dance between the electorate's political leanings and the financial market performance of Carnival Corporation. The findings highlight an unconventional link that goes beyond the conventional wisdom of political and market dynamics. While cautious interpretation is warranted, the implications of this unexpected correlation are certainly fodder for both political and financial discourse.

Through this unconventional investigation, we hope to encourage further exploration of the whimsical and unpredictable connections that shape our world, demonstrating that in the realm of research, even the most unexpected findings can invite a merry waltz of inquiry and imagination.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
Introduction
In the riveting and often perplexing terrain of political and financial landscapes, unexpected correlations have the unique ability to captivate and confound researchers and pundits alike. It is within this realm of whimsical serendipity that we embark on a scholarly odyssey to unravel the peculiar connection between the voting habits of Democratic senators in the state of Kentucky and the stock price fluctuations of Carnival Corporation (CCL). While on the surface, this pairing may seem as logically consistent as cats herding sheep, our endeavor highlights a compelling linkage that defies conventional wisdom.
Our foray into this uncharted territory welcomes us to suspend disbelief and embrace the undulating rhythms of statistical analysis and empirical inquiry. In traversing this terrain, we have employed a multifaceted approach, harnessing data from reputable sources such as MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse, and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv). Through the stringent application of statistical methodologies and econometric modeling, we aim to illuminate an enigmatic relationship that, at first glance, may seem as improbable as statistical significance at a carnival fortune-telling booth.
The barn dance of variables in this analysis is underpinned by an exploration of the voting behaviors for Democratic senators in Kentucky and the stock market performance of Carnival Corporation from 2002 to 2020. Our meticulous investigation has revealed a correlation coefficient worthy of exclamation and analysis—a resounding 0.8002156, with a p-value signaling statistical significance at a level that would make even the most stoic of researchers tap their feet in silent wonder.
In unraveling the strands of this curious association, we stumbled upon an intricate tapestry of political leanings and financial market dynamics that entwine in a manner that transcends standard metrics of causality. This unorthodox correlation beckons us to dig deeper, not merely to uncover the logic behind this unlikely fusion, but to celebrate the bounty of diversity and complexity in the fabric of empirical research. For in the dance of science, as in life, it takes both a quantitative mind and an eye for the unexpected to waltz through the delightful and unforeseen connections that shape our world.
In the subsequent sections of this paper, we dissect the nuances of this curious pairing, delving into the idiosyncrasies of Kentucky's political landscape and the mercurial fluctuations of Carnival Corporation's stock price, for within this endeavor lies the promise of uncovering the delightful secrets that lurk beneath the veneer of statistical and intuitive understanding. So, let us bravely embark on this merry journey of inquiry and imagination, for in the realm of research, even the most unexpected findings lead us to a delightful waltz of discovery.

[[RESULTS]]
The analysis of the data revealed a striking correlation coefficient of 0.8002156 between the votes for Democratic senators in Kentucky and the stock price fluctuations of Carnival Corporation (CCL) from 2002 to 2020. This correlation coefficient suggests a robust positive relationship between these seemingly incongruent variables. The r-squared value of 0.6403451 further underscores the strength of this association, indicating that approximately 64.03% of the variance in Carnival Corporation's stock price can be explained by the voting behavior for Democratic senators in Kentucky during the specified period.
Perhaps the most compelling aspect of these findings is the p-value, which was found to be less than 0.05, signifying that the observed correlation is statistically significant. It's a result so statistically significant, it would make even the most avid statistician do a double-take, akin to stumbling upon a unicorn in a field of sample distributions.
Furthermore, in Figure 1 (not shown), a scatterplot illustrates the strong positive relationship between the votes for Democratic senators in Kentucky and Carnival Corporation's stock price, providing a visual representation of the dance between these two variables. It's a dance that, were it a foxtrot, would undoubtedly receive rave reviews from both Wall Street and Capitol Hill.
The discovery of this unexpected correlation serves as a testament to the peculiar and unpredictable connections that underpin the intricate tapestry of research and empirical inquiry. It demonstrates that even in the realms of politics and finance, there are merry waltzes of inquiry waiting to be discovered, reminding us that in the dance of statistical analysis, the most astonishing results can often lead to the liveliest discussions.
In light of these findings, it's clear that the intertwining of politics and market dynamics transcends traditional notions of causality, resulting in a unique fusion that beckons further exploration. While this study offers a tantalizing glimpse into the unrecognized interplay between these variables, it opens the door for a broader dialogue, showcasing the intricate threads of connection that weave through the fabric of our quantitative understanding. And just as in any good research, these findings invite us to embrace the unexpected, encouraging us to waltz into the unexplored and revel in the whimsical twists and turns that shape our scholarly endeavors.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In the colorful mosaic of data analysis, our exploration of the correlation between Democratic votes for senators in Kentucky and the stock price of Carnival Corporation (CCL) has revealed an unexpectedly strong and statistically significant relationship. The correlation coefficient of 0.8002156 mirrors the precision of a well-executed statistical model, with a p-value so low that it would make even the most skeptical observer reconsider the whimsical possibilities of statistical serendipity. The emergence of this robust connection defies traditional notions of causality, much like finding a treasure map in a game of political and financial Clue.

The notable correlation coefficient serves as a bright beacon of inquiry, emphasizing the intricate dance between political sentiment in one of America's heartlands and stock market dynamics in the domain of leisure and travel. This curious intersection embodies the spirit of a surprising scientific endeavor, akin to discovering a beaker of thematic connections bubbling over with mischief and statistical merriment.

As we bid adieu to this unorthodox pairing, it is abundantly clear that no further research is necessary in this area, for we have uncovered a correlation that is as mesmerizing as a magician's statistical sleight of hand. In the waltz of empirical inquiry, the most unexpected findings often lead us down the rabbit hole of whimsical discovery, reminding us that in the whimsical domain of scientific exploration, the most delightfully surprising results can lead to the liveliest discussions and leave us yearning for the next research adventure.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Democratic Dilemma: The Dance of Democrat Votes in Kentucky and the Dance of Carnival Corporation's Stock Price. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

The Journal of Political Comedy and Financial Folly


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Democratic Dilemma: The Dance of Democrat Votes in Kentucky and the Dance of Carnival Corporation's Stock Price. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The Center for Political Economy and Securities Analysis


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Democratic Dilemma: The Dance of Democrat Votes in Kentucky and the Dance of Carnival Corporation's Stock Price with an abstract of This paper investigates the curious relationship between the political landscape in the state of Kentucky and the financial market performance of Carnival Corporation (CCL). Leveraging data from MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse, and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we explore the connection between the voting behavior for Democratic senators in Kentucky and the stock price fluctuations of Carnival Corporation from 2002 to 2020. Our analysis uncovers a noteworthy correlation coefficient of 0.8002156, suggesting a statistically significant association between these seemingly disparate factors (p < 0.05).
Upon closer examination of the data, we uncovered an intriguing dance between the electorate's political leanings and the financial market performance of Carnival Corporation. The findings highlight an unconventional link that goes beyond the conventional wisdom of political and market dynamics. While cautious interpretation is warranted, the implications of this unexpected correlation are certainly fodder for both political and financial discourse.
Through this unconventional investigation, we hope to encourage further exploration of the whimsical and unpredictable connections that shape our world, demonstrating that in the realm of research, even the most unexpected findings can invite a merry waltz of inquiry and imagination.

ChatGPT:

Democratic senators, Kentucky, voting behavior, Carnival Corporation, stock price fluctuations, correlation coefficient, political leanings, financial market performance, MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse, LSEG Analytics, Refinitiv, association, political and market dynamics, unconventional link, implications, correlation, research, unexpected findings, inquiry, imagination

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.



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Data details

Votes for Democratic Senators in Kentucky
Detailed data title: Total number of votes cast for Federal Democrat Senate candidates in Kentucky
Source: MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse
See what else correlates with Votes for Democratic Senators in Kentucky

Carnival Corporation's stock price (CCL)
Detailed data title: Opening price of Carnival Corporation (CCL) on the first trading day of the year
Source: LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv)
Additional Info: Via Microsoft Excel Stockhistory function

See what else correlates with Carnival Corporation's stock price (CCL)

Correlation r = 0.8002156 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r2 = 0.6403451 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 64% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Carnival Corporation's stock price (CCL)) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Votes for Democratic Senators in Kentucky) over the 7 years from 2002 through 2020.

p < 0.05, which statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 0.0307. 0.0306704259638790850000000000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.8 in 3.07% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 33 random variables Which I absolutely did.
with the same 6 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 6 because we have two variables measured over a period of 7 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.12, 0.97 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!


All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
2002200420082010201420162020
Votes for Democratic Senators in Kentucky (Total votes)399634850855847005600052584698813246816257
Carnival Corporation's stock price (CCL) (Stock price)27.8339.9144.3732.2939.6454.1651.35




Why this works

  1. Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
  2. Lack of causal connection: There is probably Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
    no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
  3. Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
    p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.
  4. Very low n: There are not many data points included in this analysis. Even if the p-value is high, we should be suspicious of using so few datapoints in a correlation.




Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."


# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([399634,850855,847005,600052,584698,813246,816257,])
array_2 = np.array([27.83,39.91,44.37,32.29,39.64,54.16,51.35,])
array_1_name = "Votes for Democratic Senators in Kentucky"
array_2_name = "Carnival Corporation's stock price (CCL)"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)



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You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

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