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Spurious correlation #2,559 · View random

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Total regular season games played by Nicklas Backstrom and the second variable is The number of labor relations specialists in Tennessee.  The chart goes from 2012 to 2022, and the two variables track closely in value over that time. Small Image
Download png
, svg

AI explanation

Every time Nicklas Backstrom plays more games, it inspires a surge of productivity in Tennessee. The state just can't help but hire more labor relations specialists to keep up with the newfound work ethic radiating from the ice. It's like his game time is their overtime, leading to a faceoff between employers and employees that only Backstrom's extended gameplay can resolve!

Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Generate an image of a TIME magazine cover featuring a vibrant hockey rink filled with enthusiastic fans. In the center, the talented Nicklas Backstrom glides around the ice, captivating the audience. In the background, a group of labor relations specialists in Tennessee are depicted, dynamically adjusting in number based on the fans' reactions to Backstrom's performance. The scene should illustrate the interplay between the excitement of the game and its impact on workplace dynamics, capturing the energy and influence of athletic achievements on broader social spheres. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Total regular season games played by Nicklas Backstrom and The number of labor relations specialists in Tennessee. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: An image that looks like it is a scene from a Pixar movie Macabre Data cyber art A TIME magazine cover image Pop art
ChatGPT: A TIME magazine cover image

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Total regular season games played by Nicklas Backstrom and The number of labor relations specialists in Tennessee, in the following situation: Nicklas Backstrom's performance directly influences the happiness of hockey fans, which in turn affects the overall job satisfaction of people in Tennessee. As Backstrom's games played fluctuate, so does the general mood in the state, leading to a demand for more labor relations specialists to keep the peace in the workplace. It's a classic case of hockey stats sparking joy or frustration that ripples all the way to the HR department in Tennessee.. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: Picture a hockey rink filled with cheering fans as Nicklas Backstrom skates around, playing in his total regular season games. In the background, you see a group of labor relations specialists in Tennessee busily handling workplace issues, their number increasing or decreasing based on the mood of the fans, which is directly influenced by Backstrom's performance on the ice.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ A TIME magazine cover image ] and depicting this scene: Picture a hockey rink filled with cheering fans as Nicklas Backstrom skates around, playing in his total regular season games. In the background, you see a group of labor relations specialists in Tennessee busily handling workplace issues, their number increasing or decreasing based on the mood of the fans, which is directly influenced by Backstrom's performance on the ice. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Generate an image of a TIME magazine cover featuring a vibrant hockey rink filled with enthusiastic fans. In the center, the talented Nicklas Backstrom glides around the ice, captivating the audience. In the background, a group of labor relations specialists in Tennessee are depicted, dynamically adjusting in number based on the fans' reactions to Backstrom's performance. The scene should illustrate the interplay between the excitement of the game and its impact on workplace dynamics, capturing the energy and influence of athletic achievements on broader social spheres.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how increases in Total regular season games played by Nicklas Backstrom positively influenced The number of labor relations specialists in Tennessee.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)
Face Off: The Puckish Connection Between Total Regular Season Games Played by Nicklas Backstrom and the Number of Labor Relations Specialists in Tennessee

The Journal of Quirky Connections in Social Sciences

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!
Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.




Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Total regular season games played by Nicklas Backstrom and The number of labor relations specialists in Tennessee. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Make the title punny if you can come up with clever pun. If not, just make it sound clever.

Your research team used data from NHL and Bureau of Larbor Statistics to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.9660226 and p < 0.01 for 2012 to 2022.

Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)

[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit

[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit



ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
"Face Off: The Puckish Connection Between Total Regular Season Games Played by Nicklas Backstrom and the Number of Labor Relations Specialists in Tennessee"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the seemingly incongruous relationship between the total regular season games played by Nicklas Backstrom and the number of labor relations specialists in Tennessee. With a twinkle in our eyes and a puckish spirit, we set out to investigate this enigma using data from the National Hockey League (NHL) and the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Our analysis yielded a striking correlation coefficient of 0.9660226 and p < 0.01 for the years 2012 to 2022, leaving us to ponder the possibility of a "Backstrom Backchannel" effect on labor relations specialists in the Volunteer State. Our findings offer a lighthearted yet thought-provoking addition to the realms of sports and labor economics, encouraging further exploration and a good-natured chuckle at the unexpected connections that sometimes emerge in the world of research.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Total regular season games played by Nicklas Backstrom and The number of labor relations specialists in Tennessee. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Face Off: The Puckish Connection Between Total Regular Season Games Played by Nicklas Backstrom and the Number of Labor Relations Specialists in Tennessee"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the seemingly incongruous relationship between the total regular season games played by Nicklas Backstrom and the number of labor relations specialists in Tennessee. With a twinkle in our eyes and a puckish spirit, we set out to investigate this enigma using data from the National Hockey League (NHL) and the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Our analysis yielded a striking correlation coefficient of 0.9660226 and p < 0.01 for the years 2012 to 2022, leaving us to ponder the possibility of a "Backstrom Backchannel" effect on labor relations specialists in the Volunteer State. Our findings offer a lighthearted yet thought-provoking addition to the realms of sports and labor economics, encouraging further exploration and a good-natured chuckle at the unexpected connections that sometimes emerge in the world of research.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[INTRODUCTION]]



ChatGPT:
[[INTRODUCTION]]

In the world of data analysis, sometimes the most unexpected correlations come to light, leaving researchers with furrowed brows and raised eyebrows alike. It is in this spirit of playful curiosity that we find ourselves delving into the curious connection between the total regular season games played by Washington Capitals' star center, Nicklas Backstrom, and the number of labor relations specialists in the state of Tennessee. A seemingly puckish pairing, to say the least, but one that has piqued our interest and led us on a fun-filled expedition through the realms of sports statistics and labor economics.

As any astute hockey enthusiast will tell you, Nicklas Backstrom is no stranger to the rough and tumble world of the NHL. With his deft stick handling and penchant for finding the back of the net, Backstrom has carved out a distinguished career on the ice. Meanwhile, in the world of labor relations, Tennessee boasts its own league of specialists, navigating the nuanced dynamics of employment and management with poise and precision. While it may seem as if these two worlds exist in entirely separate arenas, our jest-turned-serious investigation has revealed a surprising pattern that warrants further examination.

Our intrepid journey began with the collection of data from the National Hockey League (NHL) and the Bureau of Labor Statistics, with a nod to the fine folks who compile these statistics with the same precision that Backstrom exhibits in the faceoff circle. Upon embarking on our analysis, we were met with a correlation coefficient of 0.9660226 and a p < 0.01 for the years spanning 2012 to 2022, signaling a robust and statistically significant relationship between the performance of Mr. Backstrom on the ice and the presence of labor relations specialists in the Volunteer State.

Now, before you raise an eyebrow as high as a referee signaling a high-sticking penalty, rest assured that our approach to this topic is not without a sense of merriment and whimsy. It is the unexpected discoveries and playful connections that inject a bit of zest into the oftentimes staid world of academic research. So, grab your favorite hockey jersey and put on your thinking cap – we invite you to join us on this delightful romp through the niche intersection of sports and labor economics. And who knows, you may just find yourself with a newfound appreciation for the curious correlations that bring a smile to our faces and a twinkle to our eyes.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Total regular season games played by Nicklas Backstrom and The number of labor relations specialists in Tennessee. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then name a couple popular internet memes that are related to one of the topics.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Face Off: The Puckish Connection Between Total Regular Season Games Played by Nicklas Backstrom and the Number of Labor Relations Specialists in Tennessee"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the seemingly incongruous relationship between the total regular season games played by Nicklas Backstrom and the number of labor relations specialists in Tennessee. With a twinkle in our eyes and a puckish spirit, we set out to investigate this enigma using data from the National Hockey League (NHL) and the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Our analysis yielded a striking correlation coefficient of 0.9660226 and p < 0.01 for the years 2012 to 2022, leaving us to ponder the possibility of a "Backstrom Backchannel" effect on labor relations specialists in the Volunteer State. Our findings offer a lighthearted yet thought-provoking addition to the realms of sports and labor economics, encouraging further exploration and a good-natured chuckle at the unexpected connections that sometimes emerge in the world of research.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
In the world of data analysis, sometimes the most unexpected correlations come to light, leaving researchers with furrowed brows and raised eyebrows alike. It is in this spirit of playful curiosity that we find ourselves delving into the curious connection between the total regular season games played by Washington Capitals' star center, Nicklas Backstrom, and the number of labor relations specialists in the state of Tennessee. A seemingly puckish pairing, to say the least, but one that has piqued our interest and led us on a fun-filled expedition through the realms of sports statistics and labor economics.
As any astute hockey enthusiast will tell you, Nicklas Backstrom is no stranger to the rough and tumble world of the NHL. With his deft stick handling and penchant for finding the back of the net, Backstrom has carved out a distinguished career on the ice. Meanwhile, in the world of labor relations, Tennessee boasts its own league of specialists, navigating the nuanced dynamics of employment and management with poise and precision. While it may seem as if these two worlds exist in entirely separate arenas, our jest-turned-serious investigation has revealed a surprising pattern that warrants further examination.
Our intrepid journey began with the collection of data from the National Hockey League (NHL) and the Bureau of Labor Statistics, with a nod to the fine folks who compile these statistics with the same precision that Backstrom exhibits in the faceoff circle. Upon embarking on our analysis, we were met with a correlation coefficient of 0.9660226 and a p < 0.01 for the years spanning 2012 to 2022, signaling a robust and statistically significant relationship between the performance of Mr. Backstrom on the ice and the presence of labor relations specialists in the Volunteer State.
Now, before you raise an eyebrow as high as a referee signaling a high-sticking penalty, rest assured that our approach to this topic is not without a sense of merriment and whimsy. It is the unexpected discoveries and playful connections that inject a bit of zest into the oftentimes staid world of academic research. So, grab your favorite hockey jersey and put on your thinking cap – we invite you to join us on this delightful romp through the niche intersection of sports and labor economics. And who knows, you may just find yourself with a newfound appreciation for the curious correlations that bring a smile to our faces and a twinkle to our eyes.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]



ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

The connection between total regular season games played by Nicklas Backstrom and the number of labor relations specialists in Tennessee has sparked both curiosity and amusement in the academic realm. Traditional research by esteemed scholars such as Smith and Doe has focused predominantly on the more conventional relationships between sports performance and labor market dynamics. However, our investigation takes an unconventional, puckish twist, leading us down a path less traveled in the realm of statistical analysis.

In "Hockey and Labor Relations: A Comparative Analysis," Smith and Doe delve into the broader impact of professional sports on regional labor markets, exploring the potential influence of sports teams on employment patterns. Meanwhile, Jones' work "Labor Dynamics in the Southern States" provides a detailed overview of employment trends in Tennessee, with a particular focus on the role of labor relations specialists. These foundational studies serve as a springboard for our own research, offering insight into the traditional considerations of sports and labor economics.

Expanding our purview beyond the confines of academic literature, we turn to non-fiction texts with a tangential yet potentially relevant connection to our seemingly whimsical inquiry. "The Art of Winning: Lessons from the Ice" by Pat Stanley offers a bevy of leadership and team-building strategies gleaned from the world of professional hockey, prompting us to ponder the indirect influence of NHL performances on workplace dynamics. Similarly, "The Labor Code: Navigating Workplace Relations" by Jane Laws sheds light on the intricacies of labor management, drawing our attention to the conduits through which seemingly disparate domains may converge.

Taking a brief detour into the realm of fiction, we encounter works that, despite their imaginative nature, bear curious titles and themes that elicit a wry smile and a raised eyebrow. "The Ice Skater's Dilemma" by Amanda Puckett, a tale of ambition and perseverance on the rink, serves as a playful nod to the world of ice sports, while "The Negotiator's Gambit" by Theo Bluff offers a whimsical take on the strategic maneuverings within labor relations. While these works may seem far removed from the empirical rigors of academic research, they serve as a lighthearted reminder of the unexpected avenues through which inspiration and insight may emerge.

As we segue into the digital domain, we encounter a trove of internet memes that humorously juxtapose the fervor of sports fandom with the intricacies of labor relations. Memes such as "Disgruntled Employee on Game Day" and "Hockey Team Meeting: Labor Negotiations Edition" playfully blur the boundaries between the realms of athletics and workplace dynamics, offering a light-hearted yet pertinent commentary on the interplay between these seemingly disparate spheres.

With a nod to the scholarly foundations, a touch of whimsy from the world of literature, and a sprinkle of digital levity, we embark on our journey with a wry smile and an inquisitive spirit, eager to unravel the unexpected connections between Mr. Backstrom's prowess on the ice and the labor relations landscape in Tennessee.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Total regular season games played by Nicklas Backstrom and The number of labor relations specialists in Tennessee. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from NHL and Bureau of Larbor Statistics . You used data from 2012 to 2022

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Face Off: The Puckish Connection Between Total Regular Season Games Played by Nicklas Backstrom and the Number of Labor Relations Specialists in Tennessee"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the seemingly incongruous relationship between the total regular season games played by Nicklas Backstrom and the number of labor relations specialists in Tennessee. With a twinkle in our eyes and a puckish spirit, we set out to investigate this enigma using data from the National Hockey League (NHL) and the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Our analysis yielded a striking correlation coefficient of 0.9660226 and p < 0.01 for the years 2012 to 2022, leaving us to ponder the possibility of a "Backstrom Backchannel" effect on labor relations specialists in the Volunteer State. Our findings offer a lighthearted yet thought-provoking addition to the realms of sports and labor economics, encouraging further exploration and a good-natured chuckle at the unexpected connections that sometimes emerge in the world of research.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
In the world of data analysis, sometimes the most unexpected correlations come to light, leaving researchers with furrowed brows and raised eyebrows alike. It is in this spirit of playful curiosity that we find ourselves delving into the curious connection between the total regular season games played by Washington Capitals' star center, Nicklas Backstrom, and the number of labor relations specialists in the state of Tennessee. A seemingly puckish pairing, to say the least, but one that has piqued our interest and led us on a fun-filled expedition through the realms of sports statistics and labor economics.
As any astute hockey enthusiast will tell you, Nicklas Backstrom is no stranger to the rough and tumble world of the NHL. With his deft stick handling and penchant for finding the back of the net, Backstrom has carved out a distinguished career on the ice. Meanwhile, in the world of labor relations, Tennessee boasts its own league of specialists, navigating the nuanced dynamics of employment and management with poise and precision. While it may seem as if these two worlds exist in entirely separate arenas, our jest-turned-serious investigation has revealed a surprising pattern that warrants further examination.
Our intrepid journey began with the collection of data from the National Hockey League (NHL) and the Bureau of Labor Statistics, with a nod to the fine folks who compile these statistics with the same precision that Backstrom exhibits in the faceoff circle. Upon embarking on our analysis, we were met with a correlation coefficient of 0.9660226 and a p < 0.01 for the years spanning 2012 to 2022, signaling a robust and statistically significant relationship between the performance of Mr. Backstrom on the ice and the presence of labor relations specialists in the Volunteer State.
Now, before you raise an eyebrow as high as a referee signaling a high-sticking penalty, rest assured that our approach to this topic is not without a sense of merriment and whimsy. It is the unexpected discoveries and playful connections that inject a bit of zest into the oftentimes staid world of academic research. So, grab your favorite hockey jersey and put on your thinking cap – we invite you to join us on this delightful romp through the niche intersection of sports and labor economics. And who knows, you may just find yourself with a newfound appreciation for the curious correlations that bring a smile to our faces and a twinkle to our eyes.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]



ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

Our research methodology employed a lighthearted yet rigorous approach, incorporating elements of statistical analysis, data mining, and a sprinkle of hockey-related humor for good measure. We scoured the digital rinks of the National Hockey League (NHL) and the Bureau of Labor Statistics, utilizing data from the years 2012 to 2022 to fuel our investigation.

To kickstart our puckish pursuit, we conjured a concoction of data from the NHL showcasing the total regular season games played by the Washington Capitals' maestro, Nicklas Backstrom. Each game was scrutinized with the same intensity as a coach dissecting a power play formation, leaving no slapshot unturned in our quest for statistical significance.

On the labor relations front, we donned our academic skates and pirouetted through the data sourced from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, specifically focusing on the presence of those astute specialists in the whimsical land of Tennessee. The ebbs and flows of labor relations expertise were tracked with an eye as keen as a linesman enforcing offside violations, ensuring accuracy in our endeavor to unveil any crisscrossing patterns between Backstrom's on-ice exploits and the number of labor relations specialists on solid ground.

The statistical linchpin of our analysis was the calculation of the correlation coefficient, a metric so dearly beloved by researchers and statisticians alike. With the flick of a metaphorical wrist shot, we harnessed the power of correlation to gauge the strength and direction of the potential relationship between Backstrom's game count and the labor relations landscape in Tennessee.

Following the decrees of academic tradition, we huddled around our statistical models and conducted various tests to validate the robustness of our findings. Through bootstrapping methods and sensitivity analyses, we sifted through the data with the determination of a goaltender guarding the crease, ensuring that our results were not simply an anomaly born of happenstance.

Lastly, and perhaps most importantly, no zany methodology would be complete without a sprinkle of humor and whimsy. We injected a generous dose of hockey puns, labor-related jests, and a general sense of merriment into the fabric of our research process, recognizing that the lighthearted nature of our pursuit does not detract from the rigor and statistical acumen underpinning our analysis.

In summary, our methodology represents a fusion of statistical rigor, data finesse, and a touch of puckish playfulness, all aimed at unraveling the unexpected connections between Nicklas Backstrom's time on the ice and the labor relations landscape in the Volunteer State. As our findings glisten like freshly polished skates, we invite readers to lace up their intellectual curiosity and join us in this offbeat yet meaningful exploration of the intersections between sports and labor economics.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Total regular season games played by Nicklas Backstrom and The number of labor relations specialists in Tennessee. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from NHL and Bureau of Larbor Statistics .

For the time period 2012 to 2022, you found a correlation 0.9660226, r-squared of 0.9331997, and p < 0.01.

One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Face Off: The Puckish Connection Between Total Regular Season Games Played by Nicklas Backstrom and the Number of Labor Relations Specialists in Tennessee"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the seemingly incongruous relationship between the total regular season games played by Nicklas Backstrom and the number of labor relations specialists in Tennessee. With a twinkle in our eyes and a puckish spirit, we set out to investigate this enigma using data from the National Hockey League (NHL) and the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Our analysis yielded a striking correlation coefficient of 0.9660226 and p < 0.01 for the years 2012 to 2022, leaving us to ponder the possibility of a "Backstrom Backchannel" effect on labor relations specialists in the Volunteer State. Our findings offer a lighthearted yet thought-provoking addition to the realms of sports and labor economics, encouraging further exploration and a good-natured chuckle at the unexpected connections that sometimes emerge in the world of research.

-------

And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
In the world of data analysis, sometimes the most unexpected correlations come to light, leaving researchers with furrowed brows and raised eyebrows alike. It is in this spirit of playful curiosity that we find ourselves delving into the curious connection between the total regular season games played by Washington Capitals' star center, Nicklas Backstrom, and the number of labor relations specialists in the state of Tennessee. A seemingly puckish pairing, to say the least, but one that has piqued our interest and led us on a fun-filled expedition through the realms of sports statistics and labor economics.
As any astute hockey enthusiast will tell you, Nicklas Backstrom is no stranger to the rough and tumble world of the NHL. With his deft stick handling and penchant for finding the back of the net, Backstrom has carved out a distinguished career on the ice. Meanwhile, in the world of labor relations, Tennessee boasts its own league of specialists, navigating the nuanced dynamics of employment and management with poise and precision. While it may seem as if these two worlds exist in entirely separate arenas, our jest-turned-serious investigation has revealed a surprising pattern that warrants further examination.
Our intrepid journey began with the collection of data from the National Hockey League (NHL) and the Bureau of Labor Statistics, with a nod to the fine folks who compile these statistics with the same precision that Backstrom exhibits in the faceoff circle. Upon embarking on our analysis, we were met with a correlation coefficient of 0.9660226 and a p < 0.01 for the years spanning 2012 to 2022, signaling a robust and statistically significant relationship between the performance of Mr. Backstrom on the ice and the presence of labor relations specialists in the Volunteer State.
Now, before you raise an eyebrow as high as a referee signaling a high-sticking penalty, rest assured that our approach to this topic is not without a sense of merriment and whimsy. It is the unexpected discoveries and playful connections that inject a bit of zest into the oftentimes staid world of academic research. So, grab your favorite hockey jersey and put on your thinking cap – we invite you to join us on this delightful romp through the niche intersection of sports and labor economics. And who knows, you may just find yourself with a newfound appreciation for the curious correlations that bring a smile to our faces and a twinkle to our eyes.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[RESULTS]]



ChatGPT:

[[RESULTS]]

Upon sifting through the data like a diligent Zamboni driver clearing the ice, our analysis revealed a striking correlation coefficient of 0.9660226 between the total regular season games played by Nicklas Backstrom and the number of labor relations specialists in Tennessee. This robust and statistically significant correlation, coupled with an r-squared of 0.9331997 and p < 0.01 for the period spanning 2012 to 2022, left us stunned akin to a player with an unexpected body check against the boards.

In Figure 1, the scatterplot showcases the strong relationship between these two seemingly disparate variables, impressing upon us the weighty impact of a hockey stick in the realm of labor relations. As puckish as this relationship may seem, it is clear that there exists a curious link worthy of further investigation.

This unexpected connection between a hockey maven and the fine folks navigating the intricacies of labor relations in Tennessee prompts a reflective pause and a chuckle at the whimsical nature of research. It is almost as if Nicklas Backstrom's prowess on the ice exerts an intangible influence, causing ripples in the labor landscape of the Volunteer State. While we can't help but feel a twinge of mirth at the thought, our findings bear the weight of statistical significance, urging us to delve deeper into this unexpected coupling between hockey heroics and labor dynamics.

With a lighthearted yet contemplative spirit, we invite our esteemed colleagues to join us in pondering the "Backstrom Backchannel" effect and the broader implications of such serendipitous connections in the worlds of sports and labor economics. As we lace up our skates and embark on this scholarly escapade, let us not forget to savor the unexpected twists and turns that make our scholarly pursuits all the more puck-tacular.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Total regular season games played by Nicklas Backstrom and The number of labor relations specialists in Tennessee. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
"Face Off: The Puckish Connection Between Total Regular Season Games Played by Nicklas Backstrom and the Number of Labor Relations Specialists in Tennessee"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the seemingly incongruous relationship between the total regular season games played by Nicklas Backstrom and the number of labor relations specialists in Tennessee. With a twinkle in our eyes and a puckish spirit, we set out to investigate this enigma using data from the National Hockey League (NHL) and the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Our analysis yielded a striking correlation coefficient of 0.9660226 and p < 0.01 for the years 2012 to 2022, leaving us to ponder the possibility of a "Backstrom Backchannel" effect on labor relations specialists in the Volunteer State. Our findings offer a lighthearted yet thought-provoking addition to the realms of sports and labor economics, encouraging further exploration and a good-natured chuckle at the unexpected connections that sometimes emerge in the world of research.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
The connection between total regular season games played by Nicklas Backstrom and the number of labor relations specialists in Tennessee has sparked both curiosity and amusement in the academic realm. Traditional research by esteemed scholars such as Smith and Doe has focused predominantly on the more conventional relationships between sports performance and labor market dynamics. However, our investigation takes an unconventional, puckish twist, leading us down a path less traveled in the realm of statistical analysis.
In "Hockey and Labor Relations: A Comparative Analysis," Smith and Doe delve into the broader impact of professional sports on regional labor markets, exploring the potential influence of sports teams on employment patterns. Meanwhile, Jones' work "Labor Dynamics in the Southern States" provides a detailed overview of employment trends in Tennessee, with a particular focus on the role of labor relations specialists. These foundational studies serve as a springboard for our own research, offering insight into the traditional considerations of sports and labor economics.
Expanding our purview beyond the confines of academic literature, we turn to non-fiction texts with a tangential yet potentially relevant connection to our seemingly whimsical inquiry. "The Art of Winning: Lessons from the Ice" by Pat Stanley offers a bevy of leadership and team-building strategies gleaned from the world of professional hockey, prompting us to ponder the indirect influence of NHL performances on workplace dynamics. Similarly, "The Labor Code: Navigating Workplace Relations" by Jane Laws sheds light on the intricacies of labor management, drawing our attention to the conduits through which seemingly disparate domains may converge.
Taking a brief detour into the realm of fiction, we encounter works that, despite their imaginative nature, bear curious titles and themes that elicit a wry smile and a raised eyebrow. "The Ice Skater's Dilemma" by Amanda Puckett, a tale of ambition and perseverance on the rink, serves as a playful nod to the world of ice sports, while "The Negotiator's Gambit" by Theo Bluff offers a whimsical take on the strategic maneuverings within labor relations. While these works may seem far removed from the empirical rigors of academic research, they serve as a lighthearted reminder of the unexpected avenues through which inspiration and insight may emerge.
As we segue into the digital domain, we encounter a trove of internet memes that humorously juxtapose the fervor of sports fandom with the intricacies of labor relations. Memes such as "Disgruntled Employee on Game Day" and "Hockey Team Meeting: Labor Negotiations Edition" playfully blur the boundaries between the realms of athletics and workplace dynamics, offering a light-hearted yet pertinent commentary on the interplay between these seemingly disparate spheres.
With a nod to the scholarly foundations, a touch of whimsy from the world of literature, and a sprinkle of digital levity, we embark on our journey with a wry smile and an inquisitive spirit, eager to unravel the unexpected connections between Mr. Backstrom's prowess on the ice and the labor relations landscape in Tennessee.

[[RESULTS]]
Upon sifting through the data like a diligent Zamboni driver clearing the ice, our analysis revealed a striking correlation coefficient of 0.9660226 between the total regular season games played by Nicklas Backstrom and the number of labor relations specialists in Tennessee. This robust and statistically significant correlation, coupled with an r-squared of 0.9331997 and p < 0.01 for the period spanning 2012 to 2022, left us stunned akin to a player with an unexpected body check against the boards.
In Figure 1, the scatterplot showcases the strong relationship between these two seemingly disparate variables, impressing upon us the weighty impact of a hockey stick in the realm of labor relations. As puckish as this relationship may seem, it is clear that there exists a curious link worthy of further investigation.
This unexpected connection between a hockey maven and the fine folks navigating the intricacies of labor relations in Tennessee prompts a reflective pause and a chuckle at the whimsical nature of research. It is almost as if Nicklas Backstrom's prowess on the ice exerts an intangible influence, causing ripples in the labor landscape of the Volunteer State. While we can't help but feel a twinge of mirth at the thought, our findings bear the weight of statistical significance, urging us to delve deeper into this unexpected coupling between hockey heroics and labor dynamics.
With a lighthearted yet contemplative spirit, we invite our esteemed colleagues to join us in pondering the "Backstrom Backchannel" effect and the broader implications of such serendipitous connections in the worlds of sports and labor economics. As we lace up our skates and embark on this scholarly escapade, let us not forget to savor the unexpected twists and turns that make our scholarly pursuits all the more puck-tacular.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

In the immortal words of Wayne Gretzky, "You miss 100% of the shots you don't take." While he may have been referring to hockey, the sentiment holds true for academic inquiry as well. Our study, which initially raised a few eyebrows and inspired more than a few "puck"-ish puns, has yielded a connection of remarkable magnitude between the total regular season games played by Nicklas Backstrom and the number of labor relations specialists in Tennessee.

Building on the foundations laid by esteemed scholars like Smith, Doe, and Jones, who paved the way with their research on sports performance and labor market dynamics, we have added our own unique twist to the dialogue. By unearthing a correlation coefficient of 0.9660226 and a p-value of less than 0.01, we have not only supported, but elevated, the discussion surrounding the unexpected interplay between athletic achievements and workforce dynamics.

Our findings allow us to playfully speculate about a potential "Backstrom Backchannel" effect, where the subtle echoes of ice skates carving the rink contribute to the ebb and flow of labor relations in Tennessee. While this notion may initially tickle the funny bone, the statistical robustness of our results prompts a more contemplative stance, encouraging a deeper exploration of the broader implications of this curious pairing.

Moreover, our study seamlessly integrates the lighthearted inspiration drawn from texts like "The Art of Winning: Lessons from the Ice" and "The Negotiator's Gambit," reinforcing the unforeseen intersections between the riveting world of hockey and the nuances of labor negotiations. Similarly, the digital levity found in internet memes affectionately jesting at the intersection of sports fandom and workplace dynamics finds resonance in our findings, illustrating the unanticipated depth behind seemingly whimsical associations.

As we traverse the uncharted territories of sports and labor economics, we cannot help but embrace the delightful surprises and the puck-ish allure of this research endeavor. Our study not only invites further exploration into the enigmatic "Backstrom Backchannel" effect but also serves as a testament to the serendipitous connections that permeate the fabric of academic inquiry.

In the spirit of good-natured inquiry, we invite our fellow researchers to join us on this scholarly escapade, as we sharpen our skates and glide towards unraveling the riddles that lurk beneath the surface of statistical analyses and research questions. After all, in the playful dance of research, sometimes the most unexpected pairings lead to the most intriguing discoveries.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Total regular season games played by Nicklas Backstrom and The number of labor relations specialists in Tennessee. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
"Face Off: The Puckish Connection Between Total Regular Season Games Played by Nicklas Backstrom and the Number of Labor Relations Specialists in Tennessee"

[[ABSTRACT]]
This paper delves into the seemingly incongruous relationship between the total regular season games played by Nicklas Backstrom and the number of labor relations specialists in Tennessee. With a twinkle in our eyes and a puckish spirit, we set out to investigate this enigma using data from the National Hockey League (NHL) and the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Our analysis yielded a striking correlation coefficient of 0.9660226 and p < 0.01 for the years 2012 to 2022, leaving us to ponder the possibility of a "Backstrom Backchannel" effect on labor relations specialists in the Volunteer State. Our findings offer a lighthearted yet thought-provoking addition to the realms of sports and labor economics, encouraging further exploration and a good-natured chuckle at the unexpected connections that sometimes emerge in the world of research.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
In the world of data analysis, sometimes the most unexpected correlations come to light, leaving researchers with furrowed brows and raised eyebrows alike. It is in this spirit of playful curiosity that we find ourselves delving into the curious connection between the total regular season games played by Washington Capitals' star center, Nicklas Backstrom, and the number of labor relations specialists in the state of Tennessee. A seemingly puckish pairing, to say the least, but one that has piqued our interest and led us on a fun-filled expedition through the realms of sports statistics and labor economics.
As any astute hockey enthusiast will tell you, Nicklas Backstrom is no stranger to the rough and tumble world of the NHL. With his deft stick handling and penchant for finding the back of the net, Backstrom has carved out a distinguished career on the ice. Meanwhile, in the world of labor relations, Tennessee boasts its own league of specialists, navigating the nuanced dynamics of employment and management with poise and precision. While it may seem as if these two worlds exist in entirely separate arenas, our jest-turned-serious investigation has revealed a surprising pattern that warrants further examination.
Our intrepid journey began with the collection of data from the National Hockey League (NHL) and the Bureau of Labor Statistics, with a nod to the fine folks who compile these statistics with the same precision that Backstrom exhibits in the faceoff circle. Upon embarking on our analysis, we were met with a correlation coefficient of 0.9660226 and a p < 0.01 for the years spanning 2012 to 2022, signaling a robust and statistically significant relationship between the performance of Mr. Backstrom on the ice and the presence of labor relations specialists in the Volunteer State.
Now, before you raise an eyebrow as high as a referee signaling a high-sticking penalty, rest assured that our approach to this topic is not without a sense of merriment and whimsy. It is the unexpected discoveries and playful connections that inject a bit of zest into the oftentimes staid world of academic research. So, grab your favorite hockey jersey and put on your thinking cap – we invite you to join us on this delightful romp through the niche intersection of sports and labor economics. And who knows, you may just find yourself with a newfound appreciation for the curious correlations that bring a smile to our faces and a twinkle to our eyes.

[[RESULTS]]
Upon sifting through the data like a diligent Zamboni driver clearing the ice, our analysis revealed a striking correlation coefficient of 0.9660226 between the total regular season games played by Nicklas Backstrom and the number of labor relations specialists in Tennessee. This robust and statistically significant correlation, coupled with an r-squared of 0.9331997 and p < 0.01 for the period spanning 2012 to 2022, left us stunned akin to a player with an unexpected body check against the boards.
In Figure 1, the scatterplot showcases the strong relationship between these two seemingly disparate variables, impressing upon us the weighty impact of a hockey stick in the realm of labor relations. As puckish as this relationship may seem, it is clear that there exists a curious link worthy of further investigation.
This unexpected connection between a hockey maven and the fine folks navigating the intricacies of labor relations in Tennessee prompts a reflective pause and a chuckle at the whimsical nature of research. It is almost as if Nicklas Backstrom's prowess on the ice exerts an intangible influence, causing ripples in the labor landscape of the Volunteer State. While we can't help but feel a twinge of mirth at the thought, our findings bear the weight of statistical significance, urging us to delve deeper into this unexpected coupling between hockey heroics and labor dynamics.
With a lighthearted yet contemplative spirit, we invite our esteemed colleagues to join us in pondering the "Backstrom Backchannel" effect and the broader implications of such serendipitous connections in the worlds of sports and labor economics. As we lace up our skates and embark on this scholarly escapade, let us not forget to savor the unexpected twists and turns that make our scholarly pursuits all the more puck-tacular.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In conclusion, our whimsical yet rigorously conducted analysis has revealed a correlation so striking, it's as if Backstrom himself fired a slap shot straight into the heart of labor relations in Tennessee. The puckish connection between the total regular season games played by the Washington Capitals' star and the number of labor relations specialists in the Volunteer State has left us grinning like Cheshire cats at a cat toy convention. With a correlation coefficient resembling an unbreakable stick and p-value smaller than an ice shavings on game day, the evidence cannot be checked - much like a player into the boards after an unexpected spin move.

Our findings open a window into a world where hockey prowess and labor dynamics intersect, leaving us to ponder whether Backstrom's stickhandling has an uncanny influence on the labor landscape of Tennessee. While this unexpected link has provided endless amusement and pun-filled moments in the office, it also beckons for further exploration and contemplation in the scholarly community.

In the spirit of good sportsmanship, we call for a round of applause and a resounding chorus of "Take me out to the hockey game" in recognition of this puck-tacular discovery. As the final buzzer sounds on this study, we assert with the utmost seriousness and a sly wink that no further research is needed in this area. After all, sometimes even the most puckish connections yield results that speak for themselves.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Face Off: The Puckish Connection Between Total Regular Season Games Played by Nicklas Backstrom and the Number of Labor Relations Specialists in Tennessee. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

The Journal of Quirky Connections in Social Sciences


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Face Off: The Puckish Connection Between Total Regular Season Games Played by Nicklas Backstrom and the Number of Labor Relations Specialists in Tennessee. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The Society for Quirky Statistical Analysis


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Face Off: The Puckish Connection Between Total Regular Season Games Played by Nicklas Backstrom and the Number of Labor Relations Specialists in Tennessee with an abstract of This paper delves into the seemingly incongruous relationship between the total regular season games played by Nicklas Backstrom and the number of labor relations specialists in Tennessee. With a twinkle in our eyes and a puckish spirit, we set out to investigate this enigma using data from the National Hockey League (NHL) and the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Our analysis yielded a striking correlation coefficient of 0.9660226 and p < 0.01 for the years 2012 to 2022, leaving us to ponder the possibility of a "Backstrom Backchannel" effect on labor relations specialists in the Volunteer State. Our findings offer a lighthearted yet thought-provoking addition to the realms of sports and labor economics, encouraging further exploration and a good-natured chuckle at the unexpected connections that sometimes emerge in the world of research.

ChatGPT:

Nicklas Backstrom, total regular season games played, labor relations specialists, Tennessee, correlation coefficient, National Hockey League data, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Backstrom Backchannel, sports and labor economics, unexpected connections in research

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.



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Data details

Total regular season games played by Nicklas Backstrom
Source: NHL
See what else correlates with Total regular season games played by Nicklas Backstrom

The number of labor relations specialists in Tennessee
Detailed data title: BLS estimate of labor relations specialists in Tennessee
Source: Bureau of Larbor Statistics
See what else correlates with The number of labor relations specialists in Tennessee

Correlation r = 0.9660226 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r2 = 0.9331997 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 93.3% of the change in the one variable (i.e., The number of labor relations specialists in Tennessee) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Total regular season games played by Nicklas Backstrom) over the 11 years from 2012 through 2022.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 1.4E-6. 0.0000013693190527056261000000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.97 in 0.00014% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 730,290 random variables You don't actually need 730 thousand variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 10 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 10 because we have two variables measured over a period of 11 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.87, 0.99 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!


All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
20122013201420152016201720182019202020212022
Total regular season games played by Nicklas Backstrom (Games played)4248828275828180615547
The number of labor relations specialists in Tennessee (Laborers)510600840880880890900830740590490




Why this works

  1. Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
  2. Lack of causal connection: There is probably Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
    no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
  3. Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
    p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.




Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."


# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([42,48,82,82,75,82,81,80,61,55,47,])
array_2 = np.array([510,600,840,880,880,890,900,830,740,590,490,])
array_1_name = "Total regular season games played by Nicklas Backstrom"
array_2_name = "The number of labor relations specialists in Tennessee"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)



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You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

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Correlation ID: 2559 · Black Variable ID: 349 · Red Variable ID: 19494
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