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Spurious correlation #4,154 · View random

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Popularity of the first name Aron and the second variable is ArcelorMittal's stock price (MT).  The chart goes from 2002 to 2022, and the two variables track closely in value over that time. Small Image
Download png
, svg

AI explanation

Because every time someone named Aron introduced themselves, people couldn't help but respond with "Mittal-who?" This led to an overwhelming curiosity about ArcelorMittal, causing a surge in stock price as more and more individuals named Aron made connections with the company, unintentionally becoming walking, talking brand ambassadors.

Model: dalle-3
Prompt: [Realistic] An intricate cityscape is bathed in the soft, warm glow of twilight, with the towering billboards casting a golden hue against the surrounding buildings. The billboards prominently feature the stock price graph of ArcelorMittal (MT), displaying its steady rise in a sleek, modern design. The crowd of diverse individuals named Aron are depicted in a lively, animated fashion, each engaged in spirited conversations and animated gestures. The eager onlookers around them, captivated by the buzz, lean in with inquisitive expressions, while Arons of various ages and backgrounds are seen forging new connections with passersby. The scene captures the unintentional surge of interest, with the energy and excitement palpable in the air. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Popularity of the first name Aron and ArcelorMittal's stock price (MT). Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: a meme Whimsical illustration Data cyber art Celtic art Realistic
ChatGPT: Realistic

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Popularity of the first name Aron and ArcelorMittal's stock price (MT), in the following situation: Because every time someone named Aron introduced themselves, people couldn't help but respond with "Mittal-who?" This led to an overwhelming curiosity about ArcelorMittal, causing a surge in stock price as more and more individuals named Aron made connections with the company, unintentionally becoming walking, talking brand ambassadors. . Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In a bustling city street, a series of billboards proudly display the rising stock price of ArcelorMittal (MT) while a crowd of curious individuals with the name Aron gather around them, discussing and gesturing excitedly. As they introduce themselves to passersby, eager onlookers inquire about the company behind the name, leading to an unintentional surge of popularity for both the name Aron and ArcelorMittal's stock.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ Realistic ] and depicting this scene: In a bustling city street, a series of billboards proudly display the rising stock price of ArcelorMittal (MT) while a crowd of curious individuals with the name Aron gather around them, discussing and gesturing excitedly. As they introduce themselves to passersby, eager onlookers inquire about the company behind the name, leading to an unintentional surge of popularity for both the name Aron and ArcelorMittal's stock. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: [Realistic] An intricate cityscape is bathed in the soft, warm glow of twilight, with the towering billboards casting a golden hue against the surrounding buildings. The billboards prominently feature the stock price graph of ArcelorMittal (MT), displaying its steady rise in a sleek, modern design. The crowd of diverse individuals named Aron are depicted in a lively, animated fashion, each engaged in spirited conversations and animated gestures. The eager onlookers around them, captivated by the buzz, lean in with inquisitive expressions, while Arons of various ages and backgrounds are seen forging new connections with passersby. The scene captures the unintentional surge of interest, with the energy and excitement palpable in the air.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in Popularity of the first name Aron caused ArcelorMittal's stock price (MT) to increase.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)
Aron and ArcelorMittal: The A-Steel Connection!

Journal of Metallurgical Marvels

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!
Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.




Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Aron and ArcelorMittal's stock price (MT). Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Include a pun in the title.

Your research team used data from US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.8291445 and p < 0.01 for 2002 to 2022.

Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)

[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit

[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit



ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
"Aron and ArcelorMittal: The A-Steel Connection!"

[[ABSTRACT]]
Our research delves into the unexpected link between the popularity of the first name "Aron" and ArcelorMittal's stock price (MT) over the past two decades. Combining data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we sought to shed light on this quirky correlation.

Despite the initial skepticism, our analysis revealed a compelling correlation coefficient of 0.8291445 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, confirming that the frequency of the name "Aron" somehow influences the fluctuation of ArcelorMittal's stock price. This eyebrow-raising connection has left us both captivated and amused, prompting us to reconsider the myriad factors that can impact financial markets.

Ultimately, our findings add an unexpected twist to the age-old debate of nature versus nurture, leaving us to ponder whether an influx of "Arons" could indeed sway the steel industry's fortunes. Our research not only invites further exploration into the whimsical interplay between personal names and economic trends but also injects a sense of levity into the traditionally austere world of finance research.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Aron and ArcelorMittal's stock price (MT). Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Aron and ArcelorMittal: The A-Steel Connection!"

[[ABSTRACT]]
Our research delves into the unexpected link between the popularity of the first name "Aron" and ArcelorMittal's stock price (MT) over the past two decades. Combining data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we sought to shed light on this quirky correlation.

Despite the initial skepticism, our analysis revealed a compelling correlation coefficient of 0.8291445 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, confirming that the frequency of the name "Aron" somehow influences the fluctuation of ArcelorMittal's stock price. This eyebrow-raising connection has left us both captivated and amused, prompting us to reconsider the myriad factors that can impact financial markets.

Ultimately, our findings add an unexpected twist to the age-old debate of nature versus nurture, leaving us to ponder whether an influx of "Arons" could indeed sway the steel industry's fortunes. Our research not only invites further exploration into the whimsical interplay between personal names and economic trends but also injects a sense of levity into the traditionally austere world of finance research.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[INTRODUCTION]]



ChatGPT:
[[INTRODUCTION]]

The world of finance is often seen as a serious and stoic realm, characterized by suits, ties, and the occasional stressed-out trader. However, our research has uncovered a curious and whimsical facet of this seemingly rigid domain - the delightful correlation between the popularity of the first name "Aron" and the stock price of ArcelorMittal (MT), a leading player in the steel industry. Yes, you read that right! We are delving into the unfathomable link between "Arons" and A-steel, and we promise you, the findings are just as captivating as they are unexpected.

We all know that when it comes to stock prices, it's usually the economic indicators, geopolitical events, and company performance that hog the limelight. However, to our surprise and amusement, our investigation into the frequency of the name "Aron" has revealed a correlation coefficient that would make any statistician do a double-take. It seems that the name "Aron" has been quietly wielding its influence, albeit unconventionally, on the fortunes of ArcelorMittal. If this doesn’t add a dash of intrigue to your morning coffee, we don't know what will!

As we set out on this peculiar quest, there were certainly raised eyebrows and quizzical looks from our fellow researchers. You can almost hear their muttered exclamations of, "Aron and steel? That’s a stretch, isn't it?" However, our analysis, much to everyone’s surprise, uncovered a compelling correlation coefficient and a statistically significant p-value that could make even the most hardened skeptics pause for thought. So, while we might have embarked on this journey with a hint of uncertainty, we find ourselves now with a hearty serving of astonishment and a side of bemusement, all thanks to a bunch of "Arons."

In the world of financial markets, where every basis point counts and every fluctuation is scrutinized, our findings introduce an unexpected twist that challenges the conventional wisdom. We now find ourselves pondering whether a surge in baby "Arons" might actually turn the wheels of the steel industry - a thought that elicits both a chuckle and a furrowed brow. This not only adds a touch of levity to the usually staid world of finance research but also prompts us to consider the intriguing interplay between personal names and economic machinations.

So, dear reader, join us as we venture into the realm of "Arons" and A-steel, where the unexpected takes center stage, and the traditional norms of financial analysis are playfully nudged aside - if only for a moment.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Aron and ArcelorMittal's stock price (MT). Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then cite some social media posts you read that seem to be related.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Aron and ArcelorMittal: The A-Steel Connection!"

[[ABSTRACT]]
Our research delves into the unexpected link between the popularity of the first name "Aron" and ArcelorMittal's stock price (MT) over the past two decades. Combining data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we sought to shed light on this quirky correlation.

Despite the initial skepticism, our analysis revealed a compelling correlation coefficient of 0.8291445 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, confirming that the frequency of the name "Aron" somehow influences the fluctuation of ArcelorMittal's stock price. This eyebrow-raising connection has left us both captivated and amused, prompting us to reconsider the myriad factors that can impact financial markets.

Ultimately, our findings add an unexpected twist to the age-old debate of nature versus nurture, leaving us to ponder whether an influx of "Arons" could indeed sway the steel industry's fortunes. Our research not only invites further exploration into the whimsical interplay between personal names and economic trends but also injects a sense of levity into the traditionally austere world of finance research.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
The world of finance is often seen as a serious and stoic realm, characterized by suits, ties, and the occasional stressed-out trader. However, our research has uncovered a curious and whimsical facet of this seemingly rigid domain - the delightful correlation between the popularity of the first name "Aron" and the stock price of ArcelorMittal (MT), a leading player in the steel industry. Yes, you read that right! We are delving into the unfathomable link between "Arons" and A-steel, and we promise you, the findings are just as captivating as they are unexpected.
We all know that when it comes to stock prices, it's usually the economic indicators, geopolitical events, and company performance that hog the limelight. However, to our surprise and amusement, our investigation into the frequency of the name "Aron" has revealed a correlation coefficient that would make any statistician do a double-take. It seems that the name "Aron" has been quietly wielding its influence, albeit unconventionally, on the fortunes of ArcelorMittal. If this doesn’t add a dash of intrigue to your morning coffee, we don't know what will!
As we set out on this peculiar quest, there were certainly raised eyebrows and quizzical looks from our fellow researchers. You can almost hear their muttered exclamations of, "Aron and steel? That’s a stretch, isn't it?" However, our analysis, much to everyone’s surprise, uncovered a compelling correlation coefficient and a statistically significant p-value that could make even the most hardened skeptics pause for thought. So, while we might have embarked on this journey with a hint of uncertainty, we find ourselves now with a hearty serving of astonishment and a side of bemusement, all thanks to a bunch of "Arons."
In the world of financial markets, where every basis point counts and every fluctuation is scrutinized, our findings introduce an unexpected twist that challenges the conventional wisdom. We now find ourselves pondering whether a surge in baby "Arons" might actually turn the wheels of the steel industry - a thought that elicits both a chuckle and a furrowed brow. This not only adds a touch of levity to the usually staid world of finance research but also prompts us to consider the intriguing interplay between personal names and economic machinations.
So, dear reader, join us as we venture into the realm of "Arons" and A-steel, where the unexpected takes center stage, and the traditional norms of financial analysis are playfully nudged aside - if only for a moment.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]



ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

The intriguing correlation between the popularity of the first name "Aron" and the stock price of ArcelorMittal (MT) has captivated researchers and observers alike, prompting a reevaluation of the conventional norms of financial analysis. Despite the initial incredulity surrounding this seemingly whimsical connection, the findings have inspired both awe and amusement within the academic community. Let us delve into the existing literature to gain a comprehensive understanding of this unconventional relationship.

Smith et al. (2015) initially explored the influence of personal names on economic phenomena, shedding light on the surprising impact of nomenclature on consumer behavior and market dynamics. Their study introduced the notion of "onomastic economics," positing that individuals' names may inadvertently shape their financial decisions and preferences. While their research primarily focused on consumer spending patterns and product preferences, the fundamental premise provided a theoretical foundation for investigating the potential link between the name "Aron" and ArcelorMittal's stock performance.

Doe and Jones (2017) further delved into the psychological underpinnings of personal names, unveiling the subconscious associations and biases evoked by specific monikers. Their work highlighted the intricate interplay between linguistic cues, cognitive processes, and decision-making, suggesting that the mere presence of the name "Aron" might trigger subtle psychological mechanisms that reverberate within the financial markets. The implications of their findings on the unconventional connection between names and economic trends laid the groundwork for our investigation into the peculiar correlation between "Aron" and A-steel.

Turning to the realm of literature, "The Wealthy Aron" by Penelope Pennypockets and "Steel and the City" by Ferrous Fischer offer fictional narratives that tangentially allude to the entwined destinies of individuals named Aron and the steel industry. While their accounts are purely speculative in nature, the whimsical portrayal of the eponymous protagonist's influence on economic landscapes offers a playful perspective on our research topic.

In a surprising turn of events, social media platforms have also played an inadvertent role in illuminating the connection between "Aron" and ArcelorMittal. A tweet by @SteelNamerExtraordinaire humorously quipped, "Forget supply and demand, it's all about the Aron effect on steel stocks! #Aronomics." Although lighthearted in nature, such commentary reflects the public's collective amusement at the unexpected correlation, further underscoring the widespread intrigue surrounding this unconventional relationship.

As we assimilate the existing literature, it becomes evident that the association between the name "Aron" and ArcelorMittal's stock price transcends traditional economic paradigms, beckoning us to engage in a more whimsical exploration of the intricate interplay between nomenclature and financial dynamics. With this foundation in place, we set out to navigate the uncharted terrain where "Aron" and A-steel converge, armed with a spirit of inquiry and an unwavering penchant for the quirky and unconventional.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Aron and ArcelorMittal's stock price (MT). Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) . You used data from 2002 to 2022

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Aron and ArcelorMittal: The A-Steel Connection!"

[[ABSTRACT]]
Our research delves into the unexpected link between the popularity of the first name "Aron" and ArcelorMittal's stock price (MT) over the past two decades. Combining data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we sought to shed light on this quirky correlation.

Despite the initial skepticism, our analysis revealed a compelling correlation coefficient of 0.8291445 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, confirming that the frequency of the name "Aron" somehow influences the fluctuation of ArcelorMittal's stock price. This eyebrow-raising connection has left us both captivated and amused, prompting us to reconsider the myriad factors that can impact financial markets.

Ultimately, our findings add an unexpected twist to the age-old debate of nature versus nurture, leaving us to ponder whether an influx of "Arons" could indeed sway the steel industry's fortunes. Our research not only invites further exploration into the whimsical interplay between personal names and economic trends but also injects a sense of levity into the traditionally austere world of finance research.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
The world of finance is often seen as a serious and stoic realm, characterized by suits, ties, and the occasional stressed-out trader. However, our research has uncovered a curious and whimsical facet of this seemingly rigid domain - the delightful correlation between the popularity of the first name "Aron" and the stock price of ArcelorMittal (MT), a leading player in the steel industry. Yes, you read that right! We are delving into the unfathomable link between "Arons" and A-steel, and we promise you, the findings are just as captivating as they are unexpected.
We all know that when it comes to stock prices, it's usually the economic indicators, geopolitical events, and company performance that hog the limelight. However, to our surprise and amusement, our investigation into the frequency of the name "Aron" has revealed a correlation coefficient that would make any statistician do a double-take. It seems that the name "Aron" has been quietly wielding its influence, albeit unconventionally, on the fortunes of ArcelorMittal. If this doesn’t add a dash of intrigue to your morning coffee, we don't know what will!
As we set out on this peculiar quest, there were certainly raised eyebrows and quizzical looks from our fellow researchers. You can almost hear their muttered exclamations of, "Aron and steel? That’s a stretch, isn't it?" However, our analysis, much to everyone’s surprise, uncovered a compelling correlation coefficient and a statistically significant p-value that could make even the most hardened skeptics pause for thought. So, while we might have embarked on this journey with a hint of uncertainty, we find ourselves now with a hearty serving of astonishment and a side of bemusement, all thanks to a bunch of "Arons."
In the world of financial markets, where every basis point counts and every fluctuation is scrutinized, our findings introduce an unexpected twist that challenges the conventional wisdom. We now find ourselves pondering whether a surge in baby "Arons" might actually turn the wheels of the steel industry - a thought that elicits both a chuckle and a furrowed brow. This not only adds a touch of levity to the usually staid world of finance research but also prompts us to consider the intriguing interplay between personal names and economic machinations.
So, dear reader, join us as we venture into the realm of "Arons" and A-steel, where the unexpected takes center stage, and the traditional norms of financial analysis are playfully nudged aside - if only for a moment.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]



ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

To unravel the enigmatic relationship between the first name "Aron" and ArcelorMittal's stock price (MT), we embarked on a data expedition spanning the vast terrain of the internet, with a trusty map in the form of data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv). Our journey through these data sources provided us with a comprehensive view of the frequency of "Arons" and the whimsical orbits of A-steel's stock price from 2002 to 2022.

Our first step involved the careful curation of "Aron" frequency data, meticulously gleaned from the vast array of names reported to the US Social Security Administration. We then charted the tidal waves of "Arons" across the years, observing the ebbs and flows of this moniker in the wild ocean of nomenclature.

Next, we set our sights on the financial arena, securing ArcelorMittal's stock price data from the reputable LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv). As seasoned explorers of economic trends, we navigated through the labyrinthine corridors of stock prices, tracking the booms and busts of A-steel's fortunes.

To weave these disparate threads into a cohesive narrative, we harnessed the esoteric powers of statistical analysis. Armed with correlation coefficients and p-values, we meticulously combed through the data, seeking the elusive signs of connection.

In our quest for a holistic understanding, we took inspiration from the most unconventional of sources, employing a dash of creativity and a sprinkle of mirth to guide our approach. After all, when unraveling the mysteries of "Aron" and A-steel, a hint of whimsy only adds to the intrigue.

With the precision of a surgeon and the curiosity of a relentless explorer, we delved into the heart of this enigma, unearthing the unexpected and unearthing the connections that lay hidden beneath the surface - much like striking gold in a river of statistical data.



Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Aron and ArcelorMittal's stock price (MT). Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) .

For the time period 2002 to 2022, you found a correlation 0.8291445, r-squared of 0.6874807, and p < 0.01.

One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"Aron and ArcelorMittal: The A-Steel Connection!"

[[ABSTRACT]]
Our research delves into the unexpected link between the popularity of the first name "Aron" and ArcelorMittal's stock price (MT) over the past two decades. Combining data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we sought to shed light on this quirky correlation.

Despite the initial skepticism, our analysis revealed a compelling correlation coefficient of 0.8291445 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, confirming that the frequency of the name "Aron" somehow influences the fluctuation of ArcelorMittal's stock price. This eyebrow-raising connection has left us both captivated and amused, prompting us to reconsider the myriad factors that can impact financial markets.

Ultimately, our findings add an unexpected twist to the age-old debate of nature versus nurture, leaving us to ponder whether an influx of "Arons" could indeed sway the steel industry's fortunes. Our research not only invites further exploration into the whimsical interplay between personal names and economic trends but also injects a sense of levity into the traditionally austere world of finance research.

-------

And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
The world of finance is often seen as a serious and stoic realm, characterized by suits, ties, and the occasional stressed-out trader. However, our research has uncovered a curious and whimsical facet of this seemingly rigid domain - the delightful correlation between the popularity of the first name "Aron" and the stock price of ArcelorMittal (MT), a leading player in the steel industry. Yes, you read that right! We are delving into the unfathomable link between "Arons" and A-steel, and we promise you, the findings are just as captivating as they are unexpected.
We all know that when it comes to stock prices, it's usually the economic indicators, geopolitical events, and company performance that hog the limelight. However, to our surprise and amusement, our investigation into the frequency of the name "Aron" has revealed a correlation coefficient that would make any statistician do a double-take. It seems that the name "Aron" has been quietly wielding its influence, albeit unconventionally, on the fortunes of ArcelorMittal. If this doesn’t add a dash of intrigue to your morning coffee, we don't know what will!
As we set out on this peculiar quest, there were certainly raised eyebrows and quizzical looks from our fellow researchers. You can almost hear their muttered exclamations of, "Aron and steel? That’s a stretch, isn't it?" However, our analysis, much to everyone’s surprise, uncovered a compelling correlation coefficient and a statistically significant p-value that could make even the most hardened skeptics pause for thought. So, while we might have embarked on this journey with a hint of uncertainty, we find ourselves now with a hearty serving of astonishment and a side of bemusement, all thanks to a bunch of "Arons."
In the world of financial markets, where every basis point counts and every fluctuation is scrutinized, our findings introduce an unexpected twist that challenges the conventional wisdom. We now find ourselves pondering whether a surge in baby "Arons" might actually turn the wheels of the steel industry - a thought that elicits both a chuckle and a furrowed brow. This not only adds a touch of levity to the usually staid world of finance research but also prompts us to consider the intriguing interplay between personal names and economic machinations.
So, dear reader, join us as we venture into the realm of "Arons" and A-steel, where the unexpected takes center stage, and the traditional norms of financial analysis are playfully nudged aside - if only for a moment.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[RESULTS]]



ChatGPT:

[[RESULTS]]

Our data analysis produced some truly remarkable findings. The correlation coefficient between the popularity of the first name "Aron" and ArcelorMittal's stock price (MT) over the period from 2002 to 2022 was calculated to be 0.8291445. This robust correlation illustrates a strong relationship between the frequency of the name "Aron" and the fluctuation of ArcelorMittal's stock price, challenging conventional expectations and providing a rather whimsical twist to the world of finance.

Furthermore, the r-squared value of 0.6874807 indicated that approximately 68.75% of the variability in ArcelorMittal's stock price could be explained by changes in the popularity of the name "Aron". This surprising level of predictability suggests that monitoring the proliferation of "Arons" might indeed offer insights into the trajectory of A-steel's stock prices, a proposition that tickles the imagination and invites further investigation.

The statistical significance of our findings was confirmed by a p-value of less than 0.01, reinforcing the notion that the correlation observed is not merely a fluke but a substantial and genuine phenomenon. It appears that the name "Aron" has surreptitiously woven itself into the tapestry of ArcelorMittal's market movements, stirring emotions that range from bafflement to amusement among the research team.

To visually capture the strength of this correlation, we present Fig. 1, a scatterplot displaying the data points that underscore the compelling relationship between the popularity of the name "Aron" and ArcelorMittal's stock price. The striking alignment of these data points serves as a charming reminder that even in the realm of finance, the unexpected can hold sway.

In summary, our research has unveiled a captivating and somewhat bemusing connection between the name "Aron" and the fortunes of ArcelorMittal, shedding light on an intriguing interplay between personal nomenclature and economic dynamics. As we endeavor to wrap our minds around this comical convergence, we are reminded that sometimes, in the serious world of finance, a touch of whimsy can yield unexpectedly profound insights.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Aron and ArcelorMittal's stock price (MT). Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
"Aron and ArcelorMittal: The A-Steel Connection!"

[[ABSTRACT]]
Our research delves into the unexpected link between the popularity of the first name "Aron" and ArcelorMittal's stock price (MT) over the past two decades. Combining data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we sought to shed light on this quirky correlation.

Despite the initial skepticism, our analysis revealed a compelling correlation coefficient of 0.8291445 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, confirming that the frequency of the name "Aron" somehow influences the fluctuation of ArcelorMittal's stock price. This eyebrow-raising connection has left us both captivated and amused, prompting us to reconsider the myriad factors that can impact financial markets.

Ultimately, our findings add an unexpected twist to the age-old debate of nature versus nurture, leaving us to ponder whether an influx of "Arons" could indeed sway the steel industry's fortunes. Our research not only invites further exploration into the whimsical interplay between personal names and economic trends but also injects a sense of levity into the traditionally austere world of finance research.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
The intriguing correlation between the popularity of the first name "Aron" and the stock price of ArcelorMittal (MT) has captivated researchers and observers alike, prompting a reevaluation of the conventional norms of financial analysis. Despite the initial incredulity surrounding this seemingly whimsical connection, the findings have inspired both awe and amusement within the academic community. Let us delve into the existing literature to gain a comprehensive understanding of this unconventional relationship.
Smith et al. (2015) initially explored the influence of personal names on economic phenomena, shedding light on the surprising impact of nomenclature on consumer behavior and market dynamics. Their study introduced the notion of "onomastic economics," positing that individuals' names may inadvertently shape their financial decisions and preferences. While their research primarily focused on consumer spending patterns and product preferences, the fundamental premise provided a theoretical foundation for investigating the potential link between the name "Aron" and ArcelorMittal's stock performance.
Doe and Jones (2017) further delved into the psychological underpinnings of personal names, unveiling the subconscious associations and biases evoked by specific monikers. Their work highlighted the intricate interplay between linguistic cues, cognitive processes, and decision-making, suggesting that the mere presence of the name "Aron" might trigger subtle psychological mechanisms that reverberate within the financial markets. The implications of their findings on the unconventional connection between names and economic trends laid the groundwork for our investigation into the peculiar correlation between "Aron" and A-steel.
Turning to the realm of literature, "The Wealthy Aron" by Penelope Pennypockets and "Steel and the City" by Ferrous Fischer offer fictional narratives that tangentially allude to the entwined destinies of individuals named Aron and the steel industry. While their accounts are purely speculative in nature, the whimsical portrayal of the eponymous protagonist's influence on economic landscapes offers a playful perspective on our research topic.
In a surprising turn of events, social media platforms have also played an inadvertent role in illuminating the connection between "Aron" and ArcelorMittal. A tweet by @SteelNamerExtraordinaire humorously quipped, "Forget supply and demand, it's all about the Aron effect on steel stocks! #Aronomics." Although lighthearted in nature, such commentary reflects the public's collective amusement at the unexpected correlation, further underscoring the widespread intrigue surrounding this unconventional relationship.
As we assimilate the existing literature, it becomes evident that the association between the name "Aron" and ArcelorMittal's stock price transcends traditional economic paradigms, beckoning us to engage in a more whimsical exploration of the intricate interplay between nomenclature and financial dynamics. With this foundation in place, we set out to navigate the uncharted terrain where "Aron" and A-steel converge, armed with a spirit of inquiry and an unwavering penchant for the quirky and unconventional.

[[RESULTS]]
Our data analysis produced some truly remarkable findings. The correlation coefficient between the popularity of the first name "Aron" and ArcelorMittal's stock price (MT) over the period from 2002 to 2022 was calculated to be 0.8291445. This robust correlation illustrates a strong relationship between the frequency of the name "Aron" and the fluctuation of ArcelorMittal's stock price, challenging conventional expectations and providing a rather whimsical twist to the world of finance.
Furthermore, the r-squared value of 0.6874807 indicated that approximately 68.75% of the variability in ArcelorMittal's stock price could be explained by changes in the popularity of the name "Aron". This surprising level of predictability suggests that monitoring the proliferation of "Arons" might indeed offer insights into the trajectory of A-steel's stock prices, a proposition that tickles the imagination and invites further investigation.
The statistical significance of our findings was confirmed by a p-value of less than 0.01, reinforcing the notion that the correlation observed is not merely a fluke but a substantial and genuine phenomenon. It appears that the name "Aron" has surreptitiously woven itself into the tapestry of ArcelorMittal's market movements, stirring emotions that range from bafflement to amusement among the research team.
To visually capture the strength of this correlation, we present Fig. 1, a scatterplot displaying the data points that underscore the compelling relationship between the popularity of the name "Aron" and ArcelorMittal's stock price. The striking alignment of these data points serves as a charming reminder that even in the realm of finance, the unexpected can hold sway.
In summary, our research has unveiled a captivating and somewhat bemusing connection between the name "Aron" and the fortunes of ArcelorMittal, shedding light on an intriguing interplay between personal nomenclature and economic dynamics. As we endeavor to wrap our minds around this comical convergence, we are reminded that sometimes, in the serious world of finance, a touch of whimsy can yield unexpectedly profound insights.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

Our findings not only confirmed the previously hypothesized connection between the popularity of the first name "Aron" and ArcelorMittal's stock price, but they also left us in a state of whimsical wonder. The robust correlation coefficient we observed, standing at a remarkable 0.8291445, underscored the uncanny relationship between the frequency of "Arons" and the market fluctuations of A-steel. It's as if the mere presence of "Aron" in the zeitgeist has woven itself into the very fabric of ArcelorMittal's stock movements, leaving us with a sense of bemused admiration.

Returning to the literature review, the quaint musings of "The Wealthy Aron" by Penelope Pennypockets and "Steel and the City" by Ferrous Fischer now offer a remarkably prescient portrayal of the fictional protagonist's role in shaping economic landscapes. It seems even in the realm of make-believe, Aron's influence reverberates through the steel industry. Likewise, let's not forget the offhand tweet by @SteelNamerExtraordinaire – seemingly lighthearted commentary has been unexpectedly affirmed by our rigorous analysis. Who would have thought that the whimsical world of social media could offer such perceptiveness?

It is intriguing to note that this study's results reaffirm the theoretical underpinnings put forth by Smith et al. (2015) and Doe and Jones (2017). The prevalence of the name "Aron" has, undoubtedly, triggered subconscious psychological mechanisms that reverberate within the financial markets. We are indeed witnessing the unfolding of "onomastic economics" in action, where personal names inadvertently shape financial decisions and market preferences.

Our data not only add an unexpected twist to the nature-versus-nurture debate but also inject a sense of levity into the traditionally austere world of finance research. It is tempting to speculate on the potential practical applications of these findings. Could expecting parents inadvertently be swaying financial markets with their choice of name? Are there investment opportunities based on the ebb and flow of name popularity? The mind boggles.

In conclusion, our research has not only provided a thought-provoking revelation but also invited the academic community to approach economic analysis with a hint of whimsy. We look forward to further exploration of this comical convergence between personal nomenclature and economic dynamics, and we urge fellow researchers to embrace the unexpectedly profound insights that lie in the lighthearted interplay between names and financial trends. As we continue to navigate this uncharted terrain where "Aron" and A-steel converge, may we do so with a spirit of inquiry and an unwavering penchant for the quirky and unconventional.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Aron and ArcelorMittal's stock price (MT). Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
"Aron and ArcelorMittal: The A-Steel Connection!"

[[ABSTRACT]]
Our research delves into the unexpected link between the popularity of the first name "Aron" and ArcelorMittal's stock price (MT) over the past two decades. Combining data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we sought to shed light on this quirky correlation.

Despite the initial skepticism, our analysis revealed a compelling correlation coefficient of 0.8291445 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, confirming that the frequency of the name "Aron" somehow influences the fluctuation of ArcelorMittal's stock price. This eyebrow-raising connection has left us both captivated and amused, prompting us to reconsider the myriad factors that can impact financial markets.

Ultimately, our findings add an unexpected twist to the age-old debate of nature versus nurture, leaving us to ponder whether an influx of "Arons" could indeed sway the steel industry's fortunes. Our research not only invites further exploration into the whimsical interplay between personal names and economic trends but also injects a sense of levity into the traditionally austere world of finance research.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
The world of finance is often seen as a serious and stoic realm, characterized by suits, ties, and the occasional stressed-out trader. However, our research has uncovered a curious and whimsical facet of this seemingly rigid domain - the delightful correlation between the popularity of the first name "Aron" and the stock price of ArcelorMittal (MT), a leading player in the steel industry. Yes, you read that right! We are delving into the unfathomable link between "Arons" and A-steel, and we promise you, the findings are just as captivating as they are unexpected.
We all know that when it comes to stock prices, it's usually the economic indicators, geopolitical events, and company performance that hog the limelight. However, to our surprise and amusement, our investigation into the frequency of the name "Aron" has revealed a correlation coefficient that would make any statistician do a double-take. It seems that the name "Aron" has been quietly wielding its influence, albeit unconventionally, on the fortunes of ArcelorMittal. If this doesn’t add a dash of intrigue to your morning coffee, we don't know what will!
As we set out on this peculiar quest, there were certainly raised eyebrows and quizzical looks from our fellow researchers. You can almost hear their muttered exclamations of, "Aron and steel? That’s a stretch, isn't it?" However, our analysis, much to everyone’s surprise, uncovered a compelling correlation coefficient and a statistically significant p-value that could make even the most hardened skeptics pause for thought. So, while we might have embarked on this journey with a hint of uncertainty, we find ourselves now with a hearty serving of astonishment and a side of bemusement, all thanks to a bunch of "Arons."
In the world of financial markets, where every basis point counts and every fluctuation is scrutinized, our findings introduce an unexpected twist that challenges the conventional wisdom. We now find ourselves pondering whether a surge in baby "Arons" might actually turn the wheels of the steel industry - a thought that elicits both a chuckle and a furrowed brow. This not only adds a touch of levity to the usually staid world of finance research but also prompts us to consider the intriguing interplay between personal names and economic machinations.
So, dear reader, join us as we venture into the realm of "Arons" and A-steel, where the unexpected takes center stage, and the traditional norms of financial analysis are playfully nudged aside - if only for a moment.

[[RESULTS]]
Our data analysis produced some truly remarkable findings. The correlation coefficient between the popularity of the first name "Aron" and ArcelorMittal's stock price (MT) over the period from 2002 to 2022 was calculated to be 0.8291445. This robust correlation illustrates a strong relationship between the frequency of the name "Aron" and the fluctuation of ArcelorMittal's stock price, challenging conventional expectations and providing a rather whimsical twist to the world of finance.
Furthermore, the r-squared value of 0.6874807 indicated that approximately 68.75% of the variability in ArcelorMittal's stock price could be explained by changes in the popularity of the name "Aron". This surprising level of predictability suggests that monitoring the proliferation of "Arons" might indeed offer insights into the trajectory of A-steel's stock prices, a proposition that tickles the imagination and invites further investigation.
The statistical significance of our findings was confirmed by a p-value of less than 0.01, reinforcing the notion that the correlation observed is not merely a fluke but a substantial and genuine phenomenon. It appears that the name "Aron" has surreptitiously woven itself into the tapestry of ArcelorMittal's market movements, stirring emotions that range from bafflement to amusement among the research team.
To visually capture the strength of this correlation, we present Fig. 1, a scatterplot displaying the data points that underscore the compelling relationship between the popularity of the name "Aron" and ArcelorMittal's stock price. The striking alignment of these data points serves as a charming reminder that even in the realm of finance, the unexpected can hold sway.
In summary, our research has unveiled a captivating and somewhat bemusing connection between the name "Aron" and the fortunes of ArcelorMittal, shedding light on an intriguing interplay between personal nomenclature and economic dynamics. As we endeavor to wrap our minds around this comical convergence, we are reminded that sometimes, in the serious world of finance, a touch of whimsy can yield unexpectedly profound insights.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In conclusion, our research has illuminated an amusing and intriguing relationship between the popularity of the first name "Aron" and the stock price of ArcelorMittal (MT). It seems that the whims of Wall Street may not be entirely immune to the influx of "Arons" taking their first steps into the world. While our findings may have initially raised a few eyebrows, they undeniably offer a lighthearted twist to the often solemn discourse of financial analysis. It appears that the steel industry may have a surprising new ally in the form of these "Arons", quietly shaping its market movements and leaving us with a sly wink and a nod.

As we close this chapter, it is clear that our research has injected a sense of buoyancy into the traditionally sober world of economic analysis. We stand at a juncture where a quirky correlation has invited us to reconsider the multitude of factors that can influence stock prices and has left us with a few chuckles along the way. So, while we bid adieu to this fascinating exploration of A-steel and "Arons", we do so with the certainty that no further research is needed in this domain. After all, we may have finally cracked the enigmatic code of ArcelorMittal's stock price – and it turns out, the answer is written in the stars... or perhaps, in the names.

In the immortal words of Shakespeare, "What's in a name? That which we call 'Aron' by any other name would still raise stock prices just as sweet." Thus, our jestful journey comes to a close, leaving us with the realization that in the realm of finance, even the most serious of matters can be tinged with a hint of whimsy.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Aron and ArcelorMittal: The A-Steel Connection!. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

Journal of Metallurgical Marvels


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Aron and ArcelorMittal: The A-Steel Connection!. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The Institute for Metallurgical Advancements and Innovations


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Aron and ArcelorMittal: The A-Steel Connection! with an abstract of Our research delves into the unexpected link between the popularity of the first name "Aron" and ArcelorMittal's stock price (MT) over the past two decades. Combining data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv), we sought to shed light on this quirky correlation.
Despite the initial skepticism, our analysis revealed a compelling correlation coefficient of 0.8291445 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01, confirming that the frequency of the name "Aron" somehow influences the fluctuation of ArcelorMittal's stock price. This eyebrow-raising connection has left us both captivated and amused, prompting us to reconsider the myriad factors that can impact financial markets.
Ultimately, our findings add an unexpected twist to the age-old debate of nature versus nurture, leaving us to ponder whether an influx of "Arons" could indeed sway the steel industry's fortunes. Our research not only invites further exploration into the whimsical interplay between personal names and economic trends but also injects a sense of levity into the traditionally austere world of finance research.

ChatGPT:

"Aron", ArcelorMittal, stock price correlation, US Social Security Administration, LSEG Analytics, Refinitiv, correlation coefficient, p-value, financial markets, steel industry, personal names, economic trends

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.



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Data details

Popularity of the first name Aron
Detailed data title: Babies of all sexes born in the US named Aron
Source: US Social Security Administration
See what else correlates with Popularity of the first name Aron

ArcelorMittal's stock price (MT)
Detailed data title: Opening price of ArcelorMittal (MT) on the first trading day of the year
Source: LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv)
Additional Info: Via Microsoft Excel Stockhistory function

See what else correlates with ArcelorMittal's stock price (MT)

Correlation r = 0.8291445 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r2 = 0.6874807 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 68.7% of the change in the one variable (i.e., ArcelorMittal's stock price (MT)) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Popularity of the first name Aron) over the 21 years from 2002 through 2022.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 3.4E-6. 0.0000033928939228701844000000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.83 in 0.00034% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 294,734 random variables You don't actually need 294 thousand variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 20 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 20 because we have two variables measured over a period of 21 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.62, 0.93 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!


All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
200220032004200520062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022
Popularity of the first name Aron (Babies born)302306332357378403427383399370346331322333321307276316343353359
ArcelorMittal's stock price (MT) (Stock price)3.94.7619.4283.859.0190.84169.6853.7102.783.6544.6440.8740.2525.039.2622.1733.1419.517.9424.6132.44




Why this works

  1. Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
  2. Lack of causal connection: There is probably Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
    no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
  3. Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
    p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.
  4. Y-axis doesn't start at zero: I truncated the Y-axes of the graph above. I also used a line graph, which makes the visual connection stand out more than it deserves. Nothing against line graphs. They are great at telling a story when you have linear data! But visually it is deceptive because the only data is at the points on the graph, not the lines on the graph. In between each point, the data could have been doing anything. Like going for a random walk by itself!
    Mathematically what I showed is true, but it is intentionally misleading. Below is the same chart but with both Y-axes starting at zero.




Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."


# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([302,306,332,357,378,403,427,383,399,370,346,331,322,333,321,307,276,316,343,353,359,])
array_2 = np.array([3.9,4.76,19.42,83.8,59.01,90.84,169.68,53.7,102.7,83.65,44.64,40.87,40.25,25.03,9.26,22.17,33.14,19.5,17.94,24.61,32.44,])
array_1_name = "Popularity of the first name Aron"
array_2_name = "ArcelorMittal's stock price (MT)"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)



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Correlation ID: 4154 · Black Variable ID: 3222 · Red Variable ID: 1911
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