about · email me · subscribe
Spurious correlation #4,480 · View random

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is American cheese consumption and the second variable is Votes for the Republican Presidential candidate in Delaware.  The chart goes from 1990 to 2020, and the two variables track closely in value over that time. Small Image
Download png
, svg

AI explanation

As American cheese consumption melted minds, it curdled voters' perceptions, leading them to cast their ballots for the Gouda old Republican candidate in Delaware. It's a dairy strange correlation, but it seems there's no havarti in understanding the power of cheese in swaying political preferences!

Model: dalle-3
Prompt: [ Data cyber art ] Create an image of a group of Delaware voters relishing American cheeseburgers in a vintage local diner. The cheese should be depicted in a visually captivating way, oozing over the juicy patty. As they enjoy their meal, they are portrayed casting their ballots for the Republican Presidential candidate. Their engagement with the candidate should be visually evident as they nod and discuss while savoring the delicious cheeseburgers. The scene should showcase a stark yet captivating influence of the cheese on their decision-making process. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: American cheese consumption and Votes for the Republican Presidential candidate in Delaware. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: An image that looks like it is a scene from 'Star Wars' Macabre Steampunk Data cyber art Woodblock painting
ChatGPT: Data cyber art

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both American cheese consumption and Votes for the Republican Presidential candidate in Delaware, in the following situation: As American cheese consumption melted minds, it curdled voters' perceptions, leading them to cast their ballots for the Gouda old Republican candidate in Delaware. It's a dairy strange correlation, but it seems there's no havarti in understanding the power of cheese in swaying political preferences!. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: A group of Delaware voters are seen enjoying American cheeseburgers at a local diner, with melted cheese oozing over the juicy patty. As they savor their meal, they are seen casting their ballots for the Republican Presidential candidate. The influence of the cheese on their decision is evident as they nod and discuss the candidate while taking bites of the delicious cheeseburger.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ Data cyber art ] and depicting this scene: A group of Delaware voters are seen enjoying American cheeseburgers at a local diner, with melted cheese oozing over the juicy patty. As they savor their meal, they are seen casting their ballots for the Republican Presidential candidate. The influence of the cheese on their decision is evident as they nod and discuss the candidate while taking bites of the delicious cheeseburger. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: [ Data cyber art ] Create an image of a group of Delaware voters relishing American cheeseburgers in a vintage local diner. The cheese should be depicted in a visually captivating way, oozing over the juicy patty. As they enjoy their meal, they are portrayed casting their ballots for the Republican Presidential candidate. Their engagement with the candidate should be visually evident as they nod and discuss while savoring the delicious cheeseburgers. The scene should showcase a stark yet captivating influence of the cheese on their decision-making process.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in American cheese consumption caused Votes for the Republican Presidential candidate in Delaware to increase. Include one good pun.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)
Cheese and Elections: A Cheddar Connection in Delaware

Journal of Dairy Political Science

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!
Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.




Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between American cheese consumption and Votes for the Republican Presidential candidate in Delaware. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Include a pun in the title.

Your research team used data from USDA and MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.9271846 and p < 0.01 for 1990 to 2020.

Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)

[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit

[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit



ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
Cheese and Elections: A Cheddar Connection in Delaware

[[ABSTRACT]]
The age-old debate about whether American cheese consumption affects political preferences has finally been put to rest, or should we say "grilled to perfection"? Utilizing detailed data from the USDA and the MIT Election Data and Science Lab, alongside the Harvard Dataverse, our research team sought to uncover any potential correlation between American cheese consumption and votes cast for the Republican presidential candidate in the twinkling state of Delaware. Our findings revealed an astonishingly high correlation coefficient of 0.9271846 and a p-value of less than 0.01 for the period spanning 1990 to 2020. This implies that as American cheese consumption in Delaware increased, so did the votes for the Republican presidential candidate, or as we fondly refer to it, the "cheddar effect." The queso the study demonstrates a strong connection between cheese and political leanings. Our research may have left us feeling a bit "cheesy," but it shed light on this unexpected relationship, providing food for thought for future electoral predictions and raising the question: is American cheese truly the secret ingredient in the recipe for political success?


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between American cheese consumption and Votes for the Republican Presidential candidate in Delaware. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Cheese and Elections: A Cheddar Connection in Delaware

[[ABSTRACT]]
The age-old debate about whether American cheese consumption affects political preferences has finally been put to rest, or should we say "grilled to perfection"? Utilizing detailed data from the USDA and the MIT Election Data and Science Lab, alongside the Harvard Dataverse, our research team sought to uncover any potential correlation between American cheese consumption and votes cast for the Republican presidential candidate in the twinkling state of Delaware. Our findings revealed an astonishingly high correlation coefficient of 0.9271846 and a p-value of less than 0.01 for the period spanning 1990 to 2020. This implies that as American cheese consumption in Delaware increased, so did the votes for the Republican presidential candidate, or as we fondly refer to it, the "cheddar effect." The queso the study demonstrates a strong connection between cheese and political leanings. Our research may have left us feeling a bit "cheesy," but it shed light on this unexpected relationship, providing food for thought for future electoral predictions and raising the question: is American cheese truly the secret ingredient in the recipe for political success?

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[INTRODUCTION]]



ChatGPT:
[[INTRODUCTION]]

The intersection of food and politics has always been a topic of intrigue and curiosity. From butter battles to sausage skirmishes, the influence of culinary consumption on political behavior has long been a source of debate. However, one particular delicacy that has remained curiously under the radar in discussions of its potential impact is American cheese. Often derided as the "plastic" of the dairy world, American cheese's reputation may have been underestimated in one key aspect: its political prowess.

Delaware, the "First State" in our Union, has provided the perfect backdrop for our investigation into the cheesy correlation between American cheese consumption and votes for the Republican presidential candidate. This study aims to serve up a compelling analysis of the cheddar connection and its potential implications for electoral predilections.

With a hefty swath of data at our disposal, ranging from cheese consumption figures to election results, we embarked on a journey to decipher the enigmatic relationship between American cheese and political allegiances. While some may have initially scoffed at the notion of drawing any connection between the consumption of processed dairy products and voting behavior, our findings present a compelling case for a correlation that can only be described as "gouda be true."

In the following sections, we delve into the methodology employed, the comprehensive statistical analysis conducted, and the implications of our findings. As we peel back the layers of this intriguing phenomenon, we invite our readers to join us in savoring the unexpected flavors of this intersection between dairy products and democratic decisions. With that being said, let us embark on this journey of discovery, one that promises to be as rich and unexpected as a melting slice of American cheese on a classic grilled sandwich.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between American cheese consumption and Votes for the Republican Presidential candidate in Delaware. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then devolve ever further, and mention something completely ridiculous, like you conducted literature review by reading the backs of shampoo bottles.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Cheese and Elections: A Cheddar Connection in Delaware

[[ABSTRACT]]
The age-old debate about whether American cheese consumption affects political preferences has finally been put to rest, or should we say "grilled to perfection"? Utilizing detailed data from the USDA and the MIT Election Data and Science Lab, alongside the Harvard Dataverse, our research team sought to uncover any potential correlation between American cheese consumption and votes cast for the Republican presidential candidate in the twinkling state of Delaware. Our findings revealed an astonishingly high correlation coefficient of 0.9271846 and a p-value of less than 0.01 for the period spanning 1990 to 2020. This implies that as American cheese consumption in Delaware increased, so did the votes for the Republican presidential candidate, or as we fondly refer to it, the "cheddar effect." The queso the study demonstrates a strong connection between cheese and political leanings. Our research may have left us feeling a bit "cheesy," but it shed light on this unexpected relationship, providing food for thought for future electoral predictions and raising the question: is American cheese truly the secret ingredient in the recipe for political success?

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
The intersection of food and politics has always been a topic of intrigue and curiosity. From butter battles to sausage skirmishes, the influence of culinary consumption on political behavior has long been a source of debate. However, one particular delicacy that has remained curiously under the radar in discussions of its potential impact is American cheese. Often derided as the "plastic" of the dairy world, American cheese's reputation may have been underestimated in one key aspect: its political prowess.
Delaware, the "First State" in our Union, has provided the perfect backdrop for our investigation into the cheesy correlation between American cheese consumption and votes for the Republican presidential candidate. This study aims to serve up a compelling analysis of the cheddar connection and its potential implications for electoral predilections.
With a hefty swath of data at our disposal, ranging from cheese consumption figures to election results, we embarked on a journey to decipher the enigmatic relationship between American cheese and political allegiances. While some may have initially scoffed at the notion of drawing any connection between the consumption of processed dairy products and voting behavior, our findings present a compelling case for a correlation that can only be described as "gouda be true."
In the following sections, we delve into the methodology employed, the comprehensive statistical analysis conducted, and the implications of our findings. As we peel back the layers of this intriguing phenomenon, we invite our readers to join us in savoring the unexpected flavors of this intersection between dairy products and democratic decisions. With that being said, let us embark on this journey of discovery, one that promises to be as rich and unexpected as a melting slice of American cheese on a classic grilled sandwich.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]



ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

In their groundbreaking study, Smith and Doe (2010) delved into the socioeconomic factors influencing political voting behavior, exploring everything from income disparities to educational attainment. While their work sheds light on various determinants of electoral preferences, it curiously omits any mention of the potential impact of cheese consumption. This oversight is quite sharp, considering the profound impact that a dairy product could have on shaping voter tendencies. Jones (2015) also notes the influence of food choices on political allegiances, delving into the implications of organic versus conventional food consumption. However, the glaring absence of American cheese from the discourse leaves a rather large hole, one that our research aims to fill with a cheese slice of enlightenment.

Turning our attention to non-fiction literature pertinent to our investigation, Pollan's "The Omnivore's Dilemma" and Schlosser's "Fast Food Nation" provide comprehensive analyses of the modern food industry and its societal implications. While these seminal works survey a variety of culinary phenomena, they inexplicably overlook the potentially "grate" influence of American cheese on political predispositions. On the fiction front, Orwell's "Animal Farm" and Dickens' "A Tale of Two Cities" explore themes of power and societal change, although neither directly addresses the tantalizing topic of cheese and its sway on electoral outcomes. Both non-fiction and fiction works have regrettably swissed out on this cheesy conundrum, leaving our team to conduct an exhaustive examination of this delectable dialectic elsewhere.

Venturing beyond the traditional academic sources, our research team stumbled upon an unlikely goldmine of information while perusing the backs of shampoo bottles at the local grocery store. Surprisingly, the ingredients listed on said bottles hinted at the possibility of a clandestine connection between certain chemicals and the formation of political opinions. While the tantalizing scent of "coconut milk and macadamia" shampoo may not seem directly relevant, the implications of its olfactory influence on political leanings cannot be entirely discounted. Our findings in this unusual locale further underscore the pervasive and unpredictable impact of seemingly innocuous consumer products on the electoral landscape.

Though the existing literature presents a smorgasbord of intriguing insights into factors shaping political affiliations, it leaves a conspicuous void in addressing the potent force of American cheese consumption on voting behavior. Our research endeavors to fill this void, providing a robust foundation for future investigations into the unassuming but undeniably influential role of cheese in shaping the democratic palate.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between American cheese consumption and Votes for the Republican Presidential candidate in Delaware. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from USDA and MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse . You used data from 1990 to 2020

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Cheese and Elections: A Cheddar Connection in Delaware

[[ABSTRACT]]
The age-old debate about whether American cheese consumption affects political preferences has finally been put to rest, or should we say "grilled to perfection"? Utilizing detailed data from the USDA and the MIT Election Data and Science Lab, alongside the Harvard Dataverse, our research team sought to uncover any potential correlation between American cheese consumption and votes cast for the Republican presidential candidate in the twinkling state of Delaware. Our findings revealed an astonishingly high correlation coefficient of 0.9271846 and a p-value of less than 0.01 for the period spanning 1990 to 2020. This implies that as American cheese consumption in Delaware increased, so did the votes for the Republican presidential candidate, or as we fondly refer to it, the "cheddar effect." The queso the study demonstrates a strong connection between cheese and political leanings. Our research may have left us feeling a bit "cheesy," but it shed light on this unexpected relationship, providing food for thought for future electoral predictions and raising the question: is American cheese truly the secret ingredient in the recipe for political success?

[[INTRODUCTION]]
The intersection of food and politics has always been a topic of intrigue and curiosity. From butter battles to sausage skirmishes, the influence of culinary consumption on political behavior has long been a source of debate. However, one particular delicacy that has remained curiously under the radar in discussions of its potential impact is American cheese. Often derided as the "plastic" of the dairy world, American cheese's reputation may have been underestimated in one key aspect: its political prowess.
Delaware, the "First State" in our Union, has provided the perfect backdrop for our investigation into the cheesy correlation between American cheese consumption and votes for the Republican presidential candidate. This study aims to serve up a compelling analysis of the cheddar connection and its potential implications for electoral predilections.
With a hefty swath of data at our disposal, ranging from cheese consumption figures to election results, we embarked on a journey to decipher the enigmatic relationship between American cheese and political allegiances. While some may have initially scoffed at the notion of drawing any connection between the consumption of processed dairy products and voting behavior, our findings present a compelling case for a correlation that can only be described as "gouda be true."
In the following sections, we delve into the methodology employed, the comprehensive statistical analysis conducted, and the implications of our findings. As we peel back the layers of this intriguing phenomenon, we invite our readers to join us in savoring the unexpected flavors of this intersection between dairy products and democratic decisions. With that being said, let us embark on this journey of discovery, one that promises to be as rich and unexpected as a melting slice of American cheese on a classic grilled sandwich.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]



ChatGPT:

**METHODOLOGY**

In this study, we embarked on a rigorous and udderly meticulous analysis to uncover the intricate relationship between American cheese consumption and political preferences in Delaware. Our approach combined data from the USDA, the MIT Election Data and Science Lab, and the Harvard Dataverse, creating a recipe for success that was anything but cheesy.

**Data Collection**

To craft our data collection strategy, we combed through a cornucopia of sources, meticulously sifting through government reports, statistical databases, and dairy industry publications. We milked the USDA for detailed figures on American cheese consumption, scrutinizing data sets from every nook and cranny of the dairy sector. Furthermore, we delved into the MIT Election Data and Science Lab datasets, harvesting historical election results with the finesse and precision of a seasoned cheesemaker perfecting their craft. Additionally, we sought refuge in the Harvard Dataverse, extracting and curating datasets that would serve as the breadcrumbs leading us to our crunchy conclusions.

**Cheese Consumption Assessment**

With our data in hand, we turned our attention to the quirks and curdities of American cheese consumption in Delaware. We dissected consumption trends over the years, from the heady days of the ‘90s to the modern era, where cheese consumption patterns have evolved and matured, not unlike a fine block of aged cheddar.

**Statistical Analysis**

To determine the statistical significance of the relationship between American cheese consumption and Republican votes, we engaged in a queso close examination. The analytical process involved calculating correlation coefficients, conducting regression analyses comparable to the delicate dance of balancing flavors in a delectable fondue. Our sandbox consisted of sophisticated econometric models exploring the interplay between cheese consumption and electoral preferences, leading us to uncover a correlation that was sharper than a finely aged Parmesan.

**Control Variables**

Although our focus was on the cheddar connection, we carefully considered potential confounding variables. The presence of competing dairy products, such as Swiss or Provolone, could have cast a shadow on our findings. Additionally, factors such as socio-economic trends and political landscapes were given their due consideration, ensuring that our analysis wasn't spread too thin like an overworked grilled cheese sandwich.

**Validity and Reliability**

At every stage of our analysis, we adhered to the principles of scientific rigor, ensuring the validity and reliability of our findings. Our statistical methods were robust, akin to the sturdiness of a well-constructed cheese wheel, and we took measures to address any potential biases, leaving no room for holes in our conclusions.

Through this detailed and comprehensive methodology, we aimed to slice through the complexities of American cheese consumption and its surprising alignment with political leanings in Delaware, serving up a dish that is both delectable and intellectually nourishing.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between American cheese consumption and Votes for the Republican Presidential candidate in Delaware. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from USDA and MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse .

For the time period 1990 to 2020, you found a correlation 0.9271846, r-squared of 0.8596713, and p < 0.01.

One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Cheese and Elections: A Cheddar Connection in Delaware

[[ABSTRACT]]
The age-old debate about whether American cheese consumption affects political preferences has finally been put to rest, or should we say "grilled to perfection"? Utilizing detailed data from the USDA and the MIT Election Data and Science Lab, alongside the Harvard Dataverse, our research team sought to uncover any potential correlation between American cheese consumption and votes cast for the Republican presidential candidate in the twinkling state of Delaware. Our findings revealed an astonishingly high correlation coefficient of 0.9271846 and a p-value of less than 0.01 for the period spanning 1990 to 2020. This implies that as American cheese consumption in Delaware increased, so did the votes for the Republican presidential candidate, or as we fondly refer to it, the "cheddar effect." The queso the study demonstrates a strong connection between cheese and political leanings. Our research may have left us feeling a bit "cheesy," but it shed light on this unexpected relationship, providing food for thought for future electoral predictions and raising the question: is American cheese truly the secret ingredient in the recipe for political success?

-------

And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
The intersection of food and politics has always been a topic of intrigue and curiosity. From butter battles to sausage skirmishes, the influence of culinary consumption on political behavior has long been a source of debate. However, one particular delicacy that has remained curiously under the radar in discussions of its potential impact is American cheese. Often derided as the "plastic" of the dairy world, American cheese's reputation may have been underestimated in one key aspect: its political prowess.
Delaware, the "First State" in our Union, has provided the perfect backdrop for our investigation into the cheesy correlation between American cheese consumption and votes for the Republican presidential candidate. This study aims to serve up a compelling analysis of the cheddar connection and its potential implications for electoral predilections.
With a hefty swath of data at our disposal, ranging from cheese consumption figures to election results, we embarked on a journey to decipher the enigmatic relationship between American cheese and political allegiances. While some may have initially scoffed at the notion of drawing any connection between the consumption of processed dairy products and voting behavior, our findings present a compelling case for a correlation that can only be described as "gouda be true."
In the following sections, we delve into the methodology employed, the comprehensive statistical analysis conducted, and the implications of our findings. As we peel back the layers of this intriguing phenomenon, we invite our readers to join us in savoring the unexpected flavors of this intersection between dairy products and democratic decisions. With that being said, let us embark on this journey of discovery, one that promises to be as rich and unexpected as a melting slice of American cheese on a classic grilled sandwich.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[RESULTS]]



ChatGPT:

[[RESULTS]]

Our extensive analysis of the relationship between American cheese consumption and votes for the Republican presidential candidate in Delaware from 1990 to 2020 has churned out some truly intriguing results. The data yielded a staggering correlation coefficient of 0.9271846, indicating a remarkably strong positive relationship between the two variables. This coefficient practically screams, "Say cheese!" with an undeniable fervor.

The goodness-of-fit measure, reflected by the r-squared value of 0.8596713, suggests that a whopping 85.97% of the variation in votes for the Republican candidate can be explained by changes in American cheese consumption. It's almost as if every bite of melty goodness translates into a vote cast in favor of the GOP - truly a case of "say cheese and win votes!"

The p-value of less than 0.01 further cements the robustness of our findings, indicating that the observed association between American cheese intake and political preferences is statistically significant. It's like American cheese has been secretly whispering, "I'm gouda for your vote!"

The statistical significance alone is enough to make anyone gratefully nod in acknowledgment of the undeniable "cheddar effect" that seems to permeate Delaware's political landscape. Fig. 1, our captivating scatterplot, visually encapsulates this correlation, leaving no doubts about the striking relationship between American cheese consumption and votes cast for the Republican presidential candidate.

In conclusion, our research unwraps a compelling narrative that suggests a cheesy undercurrent influencing the political leanings of the good people of Delaware. Our findings tantalizingly hint at the potential impact of everyone's favorite processed dairy delight on a rather unexpected sphere of life. One cannot help but ponder whether American cheese, ubiquitously present in burgers and sandwiches, has quietly been shaping political destinies all along, truly earning its moniker as the "great uniter." This peculiar interaction between cheesy indulgence and political preferences unveils a fascinating aspect of human behavior and raises intriguing questions for future study. After all, who would have thought that American cheese could prove to be such a political heavyweight?


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between American cheese consumption and Votes for the Republican Presidential candidate in Delaware. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
Cheese and Elections: A Cheddar Connection in Delaware

[[ABSTRACT]]
The age-old debate about whether American cheese consumption affects political preferences has finally been put to rest, or should we say "grilled to perfection"? Utilizing detailed data from the USDA and the MIT Election Data and Science Lab, alongside the Harvard Dataverse, our research team sought to uncover any potential correlation between American cheese consumption and votes cast for the Republican presidential candidate in the twinkling state of Delaware. Our findings revealed an astonishingly high correlation coefficient of 0.9271846 and a p-value of less than 0.01 for the period spanning 1990 to 2020. This implies that as American cheese consumption in Delaware increased, so did the votes for the Republican presidential candidate, or as we fondly refer to it, the "cheddar effect." The queso the study demonstrates a strong connection between cheese and political leanings. Our research may have left us feeling a bit "cheesy," but it shed light on this unexpected relationship, providing food for thought for future electoral predictions and raising the question: is American cheese truly the secret ingredient in the recipe for political success?

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
In their groundbreaking study, Smith and Doe (2010) delved into the socioeconomic factors influencing political voting behavior, exploring everything from income disparities to educational attainment. While their work sheds light on various determinants of electoral preferences, it curiously omits any mention of the potential impact of cheese consumption. This oversight is quite sharp, considering the profound impact that a dairy product could have on shaping voter tendencies. Jones (2015) also notes the influence of food choices on political allegiances, delving into the implications of organic versus conventional food consumption. However, the glaring absence of American cheese from the discourse leaves a rather large hole, one that our research aims to fill with a cheese slice of enlightenment.
Turning our attention to non-fiction literature pertinent to our investigation, Pollan's "The Omnivore's Dilemma" and Schlosser's "Fast Food Nation" provide comprehensive analyses of the modern food industry and its societal implications. While these seminal works survey a variety of culinary phenomena, they inexplicably overlook the potentially "grate" influence of American cheese on political predispositions. On the fiction front, Orwell's "Animal Farm" and Dickens' "A Tale of Two Cities" explore themes of power and societal change, although neither directly addresses the tantalizing topic of cheese and its sway on electoral outcomes. Both non-fiction and fiction works have regrettably swissed out on this cheesy conundrum, leaving our team to conduct an exhaustive examination of this delectable dialectic elsewhere.
Venturing beyond the traditional academic sources, our research team stumbled upon an unlikely goldmine of information while perusing the backs of shampoo bottles at the local grocery store. Surprisingly, the ingredients listed on said bottles hinted at the possibility of a clandestine connection between certain chemicals and the formation of political opinions. While the tantalizing scent of "coconut milk and macadamia" shampoo may not seem directly relevant, the implications of its olfactory influence on political leanings cannot be entirely discounted. Our findings in this unusual locale further underscore the pervasive and unpredictable impact of seemingly innocuous consumer products on the electoral landscape.
Though the existing literature presents a smorgasbord of intriguing insights into factors shaping political affiliations, it leaves a conspicuous void in addressing the potent force of American cheese consumption on voting behavior. Our research endeavors to fill this void, providing a robust foundation for future investigations into the unassuming but undeniably influential role of cheese in shaping the democratic palate.

[[RESULTS]]
Our extensive analysis of the relationship between American cheese consumption and votes for the Republican presidential candidate in Delaware from 1990 to 2020 has churned out some truly intriguing results. The data yielded a staggering correlation coefficient of 0.9271846, indicating a remarkably strong positive relationship between the two variables. This coefficient practically screams, "Say cheese!" with an undeniable fervor.
The goodness-of-fit measure, reflected by the r-squared value of 0.8596713, suggests that a whopping 85.97% of the variation in votes for the Republican candidate can be explained by changes in American cheese consumption. It's almost as if every bite of melty goodness translates into a vote cast in favor of the GOP - truly a case of "say cheese and win votes!"
The p-value of less than 0.01 further cements the robustness of our findings, indicating that the observed association between American cheese intake and political preferences is statistically significant. It's like American cheese has been secretly whispering, "I'm gouda for your vote!"
The statistical significance alone is enough to make anyone gratefully nod in acknowledgment of the undeniable "cheddar effect" that seems to permeate Delaware's political landscape. Fig. 1, our captivating scatterplot, visually encapsulates this correlation, leaving no doubts about the striking relationship between American cheese consumption and votes cast for the Republican presidential candidate.
In conclusion, our research unwraps a compelling narrative that suggests a cheesy undercurrent influencing the political leanings of the good people of Delaware. Our findings tantalizingly hint at the potential impact of everyone's favorite processed dairy delight on a rather unexpected sphere of life. One cannot help but ponder whether American cheese, ubiquitously present in burgers and sandwiches, has quietly been shaping political destinies all along, truly earning its moniker as the "great uniter." This peculiar interaction between cheesy indulgence and political preferences unveils a fascinating aspect of human behavior and raises intriguing questions for future study. After all, who would have thought that American cheese could prove to be such a political heavyweight?

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

Our study has brought forth compelling evidence of a tight-knit relationship between American cheese consumption and votes for the Republican presidential candidate in Delaware. If there was ever a time to say "cheese," this is it - although we refrain from saying "cheesy" due to its ambiguous connotations. Our findings align with and fortify previous literature, providing empirical weight to the whimsical musings of Smith and Doe (2010), who may have overlooked the inherent connection between cheese and political proclivities. The conspicuous absence of American cheese in Pollan's "The Omnivore's Dilemma" and Schlosser's "Fast Food Nation" is laid bare by our robust results, reinforcing the underappreciated influence of this dairy darling. We are pleased to finally fill the void in the scholarly discourse with our "Gouda" findings.

Our data has not only shown a high correlation coefficient but also a surprisingly solid r-squared value and a significant p-value, akin to discovering a particularly aged and sharp cheddar hidden at the back of the refrigerator. The visual representation in Fig. 1 captures the delightful correlation, serving as the "halloumi-nating" symbol of this unforeseen phenomenon.

Although our results raise more questions than they answer, they pave the whey for future studies to delve deeper into the curdled world of American cheese and its impact on political inclinations. We are left pondering whether the old adage, "you are what you eat," should be supplemented with, "and you vote as you consume." Our work has laid the foundation for this delectable line of inquiry, injecting much-needed levity into the often staid realm of political research. After all, who would have thought that a slice of American cheese could wield such political clout? It appears that alongside life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, there might just be a silent champion - the perennially underrated American cheese.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between American cheese consumption and Votes for the Republican Presidential candidate in Delaware. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Stay serious and dry most of the time, but then occasionally let your wit shine through.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
Cheese and Elections: A Cheddar Connection in Delaware

[[ABSTRACT]]
The age-old debate about whether American cheese consumption affects political preferences has finally been put to rest, or should we say "grilled to perfection"? Utilizing detailed data from the USDA and the MIT Election Data and Science Lab, alongside the Harvard Dataverse, our research team sought to uncover any potential correlation between American cheese consumption and votes cast for the Republican presidential candidate in the twinkling state of Delaware. Our findings revealed an astonishingly high correlation coefficient of 0.9271846 and a p-value of less than 0.01 for the period spanning 1990 to 2020. This implies that as American cheese consumption in Delaware increased, so did the votes for the Republican presidential candidate, or as we fondly refer to it, the "cheddar effect." The queso the study demonstrates a strong connection between cheese and political leanings. Our research may have left us feeling a bit "cheesy," but it shed light on this unexpected relationship, providing food for thought for future electoral predictions and raising the question: is American cheese truly the secret ingredient in the recipe for political success?

[[INTRDUCTION]]
The intersection of food and politics has always been a topic of intrigue and curiosity. From butter battles to sausage skirmishes, the influence of culinary consumption on political behavior has long been a source of debate. However, one particular delicacy that has remained curiously under the radar in discussions of its potential impact is American cheese. Often derided as the "plastic" of the dairy world, American cheese's reputation may have been underestimated in one key aspect: its political prowess.
Delaware, the "First State" in our Union, has provided the perfect backdrop for our investigation into the cheesy correlation between American cheese consumption and votes for the Republican presidential candidate. This study aims to serve up a compelling analysis of the cheddar connection and its potential implications for electoral predilections.
With a hefty swath of data at our disposal, ranging from cheese consumption figures to election results, we embarked on a journey to decipher the enigmatic relationship between American cheese and political allegiances. While some may have initially scoffed at the notion of drawing any connection between the consumption of processed dairy products and voting behavior, our findings present a compelling case for a correlation that can only be described as "gouda be true."
In the following sections, we delve into the methodology employed, the comprehensive statistical analysis conducted, and the implications of our findings. As we peel back the layers of this intriguing phenomenon, we invite our readers to join us in savoring the unexpected flavors of this intersection between dairy products and democratic decisions. With that being said, let us embark on this journey of discovery, one that promises to be as rich and unexpected as a melting slice of American cheese on a classic grilled sandwich.

[[RESULTS]]
Our extensive analysis of the relationship between American cheese consumption and votes for the Republican presidential candidate in Delaware from 1990 to 2020 has churned out some truly intriguing results. The data yielded a staggering correlation coefficient of 0.9271846, indicating a remarkably strong positive relationship between the two variables. This coefficient practically screams, "Say cheese!" with an undeniable fervor.
The goodness-of-fit measure, reflected by the r-squared value of 0.8596713, suggests that a whopping 85.97% of the variation in votes for the Republican candidate can be explained by changes in American cheese consumption. It's almost as if every bite of melty goodness translates into a vote cast in favor of the GOP - truly a case of "say cheese and win votes!"
The p-value of less than 0.01 further cements the robustness of our findings, indicating that the observed association between American cheese intake and political preferences is statistically significant. It's like American cheese has been secretly whispering, "I'm gouda for your vote!"
The statistical significance alone is enough to make anyone gratefully nod in acknowledgment of the undeniable "cheddar effect" that seems to permeate Delaware's political landscape. Fig. 1, our captivating scatterplot, visually encapsulates this correlation, leaving no doubts about the striking relationship between American cheese consumption and votes cast for the Republican presidential candidate.
In conclusion, our research unwraps a compelling narrative that suggests a cheesy undercurrent influencing the political leanings of the good people of Delaware. Our findings tantalizingly hint at the potential impact of everyone's favorite processed dairy delight on a rather unexpected sphere of life. One cannot help but ponder whether American cheese, ubiquitously present in burgers and sandwiches, has quietly been shaping political destinies all along, truly earning its moniker as the "great uniter." This peculiar interaction between cheesy indulgence and political preferences unveils a fascinating aspect of human behavior and raises intriguing questions for future study. After all, who would have thought that American cheese could prove to be such a political heavyweight?

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In wrapping up our study, we have undoubtedly grilled up some fascinating insights into the cheddar connection between American cheese consumption and votes for the Republican presidential candidate in Delaware. The tantalizingly high correlation coefficient of 0.9271846 and the p-value of less than 0.01 unequivocally point to a robust relationship, reminding us that sometimes, it's not just the deli that's full of bologna. Our findings suggest that as American cheese consumption increases, so does the inclination to vote for the GOP, proving that in the political arena, cheese may indeed stand alone. Our study serves as a sharp reminder that in the realm of electoral predictions, one simply cannot afford to overlook the power of dairy products. And as we bid adieu to this unique investigation, we gratefully acknowledge the cheesy undercurrent shaping Delaware's political landscape, leaving us with a profound sense of appreciation for the unforeseen impact of everyone's favorite processed dairy delight. It's safe to say that in the recipe for electoral success, American cheese might just be the "smoked gouda" we've been searching for. However, with such overwhelmingly cheddarific results, it's clear that further research in this area may well be like adding unnecessary extra cheese to an already well-stacked political pizza – it's just not necessary!


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Cheese and Elections: A Cheddar Connection in Delaware. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

Journal of Dairy Political Science


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Cheese and Elections: A Cheddar Connection in Delaware. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

Society for the Advancement of Dairy Politics Research


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Cheese and Elections: A Cheddar Connection in Delaware with an abstract of The age-old debate about whether American cheese consumption affects political preferences has finally been put to rest, or should we say "grilled to perfection"? Utilizing detailed data from the USDA and the MIT Election Data and Science Lab, alongside the Harvard Dataverse, our research team sought to uncover any potential correlation between American cheese consumption and votes cast for the Republican presidential candidate in the twinkling state of Delaware. Our findings revealed an astonishingly high correlation coefficient of 0.9271846 and a p-value of less than 0.01 for the period spanning 1990 to 2020. This implies that as American cheese consumption in Delaware increased, so did the votes for the Republican presidential candidate, or as we fondly refer to it, the "cheddar effect." The queso the study demonstrates a strong connection between cheese and political leanings. Our research may have left us feeling a bit "cheesy," but it shed light on this unexpected relationship, providing food for thought for future electoral predictions and raising the question: is American cheese truly the secret ingredient in the recipe for political success?

ChatGPT:

American cheese, consumption, political preferences, Republican, presidential candidate, correlation, Delaware, USDA, MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse, correlation coefficient, p-value, 1990-2020, cheddar effect, queso, political leanings, electoral predictions, cheese, food for thought, electoral predictions

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.



Random correlation

Discover a new correlation

View all correlations

View all research papers

Report an error


Data details

American cheese consumption
Detailed data title: Per capita consumption of American cheese in the US
Source: USDA
See what else correlates with American cheese consumption

Votes for the Republican Presidential candidate in Delaware
Detailed data title: Total votes cast for the Republican Presidential candidate in Delaware
Source: MIT Election Data and Science Lab, Harvard Dataverse
See what else correlates with Votes for the Republican Presidential candidate in Delaware

Correlation r = 0.9271846 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r2 = 0.8596713 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 86% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Votes for the Republican Presidential candidate in Delaware) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., American cheese consumption) over the 8 years from 1990 through 2020.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 0.00091. 0.0009132406449101040000000000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.93 in 0.091% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 1,095 random variables Which I absolutely did.
with the same 7 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 7 because we have two variables measured over a period of 8 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.64, 0.99 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!


All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
19921996200020042008201220162020
American cheese consumption (Pounds per person)11.255911.808712.683912.861213.130613.256914.362115.5
Votes for the Republican Presidential candidate in Delaware (Total votes)10231399062137288171660152374165484185127200603




Why this works

  1. Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
  2. Lack of causal connection: There is probably Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
    no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
  3. Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
    p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.
  4. Very low n: There are not many data points included in this analysis. Even if the p-value is high, we should be suspicious of using so few datapoints in a correlation.




Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."


# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([11.2559,11.8087,12.6839,12.8612,13.1306,13.2569,14.3621,15.5,])
array_2 = np.array([102313,99062,137288,171660,152374,165484,185127,200603,])
array_1_name = "American cheese consumption"
array_2_name = "Votes for the Republican Presidential candidate in Delaware"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)



Reuseable content

You may re-use the images on this page for any purpose, even commercial purposes, without asking for permission. The only requirement is that you attribute Tyler Vigen. Attribution can take many different forms. If you leave the "tylervigen.com" link in the image, that satisfies it just fine. If you remove it and move it to a footnote, that's fine too. You can also just write "Charts courtesy of Tyler Vigen" at the bottom of an article.

You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

Full license details.
For more on re-use permissions, or to get a signed release form, see tylervigen.com/permission.

Download images for these variables:


View another random correlation

How fun was this correlation?

Your rating skills are legendary!


Correlation ID: 4480 · Black Variable ID: 553 · Red Variable ID: 25962
about · subscribe · emailme@tylervigen.com · twitter

CC BY 4.0