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Spurious correlation #5,941 · View random

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is The number of movies Russell Crowe appeared in and the second variable is Customer satisfaction with Walgreens.  The chart goes from 2005 to 2020, and the two variables track closely in value over that time. Small Image
Download png
, svg

AI explanation

Russell Crowe's intense energy was being siphoned off by the film industry, leading to a nationwide shortage of gruff charm. This, in turn, resulted in Walgreens customers feeling a conspicuous lack of ruggedness and righteous indignation while shopping for their everyday needs.

Model: dalle-3
Prompt: [ Photo-realistic image ] A bustling city street with skyscrapers and vibrant billboards in the background. In the foreground, a prominently placed marquee proudly displays a digital counter of the number of movies Russell Crowe has appeared in, capturing the attention of passersby with his intense, brooding gaze. Outside a Walgreens store, customers stand gazing perplexedly at the everyday items they hold, seemingly longing for ruggedness and righteous indignation that now seems to have vanished from the store. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: The number of movies Russell Crowe appeared in and Customer satisfaction with Walgreens. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: a meme A photo-realistic image Concept art Charcoal A photo-realistic image
ChatGPT: Photo-realistic image

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both The number of movies Russell Crowe appeared in and Customer satisfaction with Walgreens, in the following situation: Russell Crowe's intense energy was being siphoned off by the film industry, leading to a nationwide shortage of gruff charm. This, in turn, resulted in Walgreens customers feeling a conspicuous lack of ruggedness and righteous indignation while shopping for their everyday needs.. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In a bustling city, a marquee proudly displays the number of movies Russell Crowe has appeared in, with his intense, brooding gaze captivating passersby. Meanwhile, outside a Walgreens store, customers look perplexed, holding everyday items with a sense of longing for ruggedness and righteous indignation, which seems to have vanished from the store.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ Photo-realistic image ] and depicting this scene: In a bustling city, a marquee proudly displays the number of movies Russell Crowe has appeared in, with his intense, brooding gaze captivating passersby. Meanwhile, outside a Walgreens store, customers look perplexed, holding everyday items with a sense of longing for ruggedness and righteous indignation, which seems to have vanished from the store. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: [ Photo-realistic image ] A bustling city street with skyscrapers and vibrant billboards in the background. In the foreground, a prominently placed marquee proudly displays a digital counter of the number of movies Russell Crowe has appeared in, capturing the attention of passersby with his intense, brooding gaze. Outside a Walgreens store, customers stand gazing perplexedly at the everyday items they hold, seemingly longing for ruggedness and righteous indignation that now seems to have vanished from the store.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how a decrease in The number of movies Russell Crowe appeared in caused Customer satisfaction with Walgreens to decrease.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)
Russell Crowe's Reels and Walgreens' Wants: A Witty Wanderlust

The Journal of Cinematic Studies and Consumer Culture

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!
Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.




Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The number of movies Russell Crowe appeared in and Customer satisfaction with Walgreens. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Make the title an alliteration.

Your research team used data from The Movie DB and American Customer Satisfaction Index to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.8040462 and p < 0.01 for 2005 to 2020.

Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)

[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit

[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit



ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
Russell Crowe's Reels and Walgreens' Wants: A Witty Wanderlust

[[ABSTRACT]]
This unconventional study seeks to shed light on the unlikely relationship between the number of movies in which Russell Crowe has appeared and customer satisfaction with Walgreens. Drawing data from The Movie DB and the American Customer Satisfaction Index over the period from 2005 to 2020, this research reveals a surprisingly strong correlation coefficient of 0.8040462 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. The findings suggest that as Russell Crowe graces the silver screen, customer satisfaction with Walgreens experiences a tangibly buoyant effect. This paper offers a whimsical exploration of the unexpected bond between a Hollywood star's filmography and consumer sentiment toward a leading convenience store chain, providing a delightful departure from the drab corridors of conventional research.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The number of movies Russell Crowe appeared in and Customer satisfaction with Walgreens. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Russell Crowe's Reels and Walgreens' Wants: A Witty Wanderlust

[[ABSTRACT]]
This unconventional study seeks to shed light on the unlikely relationship between the number of movies in which Russell Crowe has appeared and customer satisfaction with Walgreens. Drawing data from The Movie DB and the American Customer Satisfaction Index over the period from 2005 to 2020, this research reveals a surprisingly strong correlation coefficient of 0.8040462 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. The findings suggest that as Russell Crowe graces the silver screen, customer satisfaction with Walgreens experiences a tangibly buoyant effect. This paper offers a whimsical exploration of the unexpected bond between a Hollywood star's filmography and consumer sentiment toward a leading convenience store chain, providing a delightful departure from the drab corridors of conventional research.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[INTRODUCTION]]



ChatGPT:
**[[INTRODUCTION]]**

The intersection of Hollywood entertainment and consumer behavior has long been an area of intrigue, with one foot in the dazzling world of celebrity stardom and the other in the mundanity of everyday shopping experiences. In this paper, we embark on a whimsical journey to explore the unlikely connection between the cinematic endeavors of Russell Crowe and the satisfaction levels of patrons frequenting Walgreens locations across the United States. While one might not expect the gladiatorial swashbuckling of Maximus to have any bearing on the products and services provided by a leading pharmacy retailer, our findings may lead you to reconsider your assumptions.

The concept of celebrity endorsements is anything but new, and we are accustomed to seeing famous faces plastered across billboards and television screens in the service of hawking everything from soft drinks to sneakers. However, the notion that the sheer quantity of Russell Crowe's film appearances could exert a substantial influence on the satisfaction of Walgreens customers may appear far-fetched at first glance. Yet, as we delve into the data, a compelling narrative emerges, blurring the boundaries between Hollywood glitz and the prosaic world of consumer preferences.

This study boldly ventures into uncharted territory, departing from the well-trodden paths of traditional consumer research to gaze upon the curious phenomenon that lies at the heart of our investigation. Prepare to be entertained, intrigued, and perhaps even dumbfounded as we uncover the unexpected interplay between Russell Crowe's reels and Walgreens' wants. We invite you to join us on this lighthearted and offbeat exploration, where statistical analyses combine with the charisma of a leading man to create a scholarly endeavor that is as playful as it is thought-provoking.

So, without further ado, let us embark upon our rollicking romp through the cinematic cosmos and the consumer landscapes, our minds open to the zany possibilities that await.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The number of movies Russell Crowe appeared in and Customer satisfaction with Walgreens. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then name a few real TV shows that sound like they might be relevant to the topic that you watched as research.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Russell Crowe's Reels and Walgreens' Wants: A Witty Wanderlust

[[ABSTRACT]]
This unconventional study seeks to shed light on the unlikely relationship between the number of movies in which Russell Crowe has appeared and customer satisfaction with Walgreens. Drawing data from The Movie DB and the American Customer Satisfaction Index over the period from 2005 to 2020, this research reveals a surprisingly strong correlation coefficient of 0.8040462 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. The findings suggest that as Russell Crowe graces the silver screen, customer satisfaction with Walgreens experiences a tangibly buoyant effect. This paper offers a whimsical exploration of the unexpected bond between a Hollywood star's filmography and consumer sentiment toward a leading convenience store chain, providing a delightful departure from the drab corridors of conventional research.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
The intersection of Hollywood entertainment and consumer behavior has long been an area of intrigue, with one foot in the dazzling world of celebrity stardom and the other in the mundanity of everyday shopping experiences. In this paper, we embark on a whimsical journey to explore the unlikely connection between the cinematic endeavors of Russell Crowe and the satisfaction levels of patrons frequenting Walgreens locations across the United States. While one might not expect the gladiatorial swashbuckling of Maximus to have any bearing on the products and services provided by a leading pharmacy retailer, our findings may lead you to reconsider your assumptions.
The concept of celebrity endorsements is anything but new, and we are accustomed to seeing famous faces plastered across billboards and television screens in the service of hawking everything from soft drinks to sneakers. However, the notion that the sheer quantity of Russell Crowe's film appearances could exert a substantial influence on the satisfaction of Walgreens customers may appear far-fetched at first glance. Yet, as we delve into the data, a compelling narrative emerges, blurring the boundaries between Hollywood glitz and the prosaic world of consumer preferences.
This study boldly ventures into uncharted territory, departing from the well-trodden paths of traditional consumer research to gaze upon the curious phenomenon that lies at the heart of our investigation. Prepare to be entertained, intrigued, and perhaps even dumbfounded as we uncover the unexpected interplay between Russell Crowe's reels and Walgreens' wants. We invite you to join us on this lighthearted and offbeat exploration, where statistical analyses combine with the charisma of a leading man to create a scholarly endeavor that is as playful as it is thought-provoking.
So, without further ado, let us embark upon our rollicking romp through the cinematic cosmos and the consumer landscapes, our minds open to the zany possibilities that await.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]



ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

The present literature review seeks to provide an overview of existing research pertaining to the correlation between Russell Crowe's cinematic presence and customer satisfaction with Walgreens. While unconventional, the relationship between a Hollywood actor and a retail chain is not without precedent in the annals of academic inquiry.

In the seminal work of Smith et al. (2015), the authors find a surprising link between celebrity appearances in advertising and consumer behavior. This work sets the stage for our unconventional examination of Russell Crowe's filmography and its potential impact on the shopping experiences of Walgreens patrons. Similarly, Doe and Jones (2017) offer insights into the psychology of celebrity endorsements, positing that the mere presence of a familiar face can significantly influence consumer perceptions. These studies provide a theoretical foundation for our exploration of the Russell Crowe-Walgreens nexus, demonstrating the intriguing confluence of Hollywood influence and retail interactions.

Turning to more tangentially related sources, "The CVS Effect: A Retail Revolution" by Adams (2008) offers a comprehensive analysis of the retail pharmacy landscape, with potential implications for our investigation into Walgreens' customer satisfaction. In a similar vein, "The Art of Seduction" by Greene (2001) explores the subtle dynamics of attraction and persuasion, shedding light on the intricate dance between celebrity appeal and consumer sentiment.

In the realm of fiction that may offer thematic resonance, the works of John Grisham, particularly "The Client" and "The Street Lawyer," delve into the drama of legal battles and corporate machinations, providing an oblique yet tantalizing parallel to the web of intrigue we seek to untangle. Additionally, the "Harry Potter" series by J.K. Rowling, with its themes of heroism and unexpected connections, may offer a whimsical mirror to the surprising relationship we are exploring.

On the small screen, television shows such as "Supermarket Sweep" and "Hollywood Game Night" offer a lighthearted glimpse into consumer behavior and celebrity culture, providing a melange of inspiration as we embark on our own playful exploration of the Russell Crowe-Walgreens dynamics.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The number of movies Russell Crowe appeared in and Customer satisfaction with Walgreens. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from The Movie DB and American Customer Satisfaction Index . You used data from 2005 to 2020

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Russell Crowe's Reels and Walgreens' Wants: A Witty Wanderlust

[[ABSTRACT]]
This unconventional study seeks to shed light on the unlikely relationship between the number of movies in which Russell Crowe has appeared and customer satisfaction with Walgreens. Drawing data from The Movie DB and the American Customer Satisfaction Index over the period from 2005 to 2020, this research reveals a surprisingly strong correlation coefficient of 0.8040462 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. The findings suggest that as Russell Crowe graces the silver screen, customer satisfaction with Walgreens experiences a tangibly buoyant effect. This paper offers a whimsical exploration of the unexpected bond between a Hollywood star's filmography and consumer sentiment toward a leading convenience store chain, providing a delightful departure from the drab corridors of conventional research.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
The intersection of Hollywood entertainment and consumer behavior has long been an area of intrigue, with one foot in the dazzling world of celebrity stardom and the other in the mundanity of everyday shopping experiences. In this paper, we embark on a whimsical journey to explore the unlikely connection between the cinematic endeavors of Russell Crowe and the satisfaction levels of patrons frequenting Walgreens locations across the United States. While one might not expect the gladiatorial swashbuckling of Maximus to have any bearing on the products and services provided by a leading pharmacy retailer, our findings may lead you to reconsider your assumptions.
The concept of celebrity endorsements is anything but new, and we are accustomed to seeing famous faces plastered across billboards and television screens in the service of hawking everything from soft drinks to sneakers. However, the notion that the sheer quantity of Russell Crowe's film appearances could exert a substantial influence on the satisfaction of Walgreens customers may appear far-fetched at first glance. Yet, as we delve into the data, a compelling narrative emerges, blurring the boundaries between Hollywood glitz and the prosaic world of consumer preferences.
This study boldly ventures into uncharted territory, departing from the well-trodden paths of traditional consumer research to gaze upon the curious phenomenon that lies at the heart of our investigation. Prepare to be entertained, intrigued, and perhaps even dumbfounded as we uncover the unexpected interplay between Russell Crowe's reels and Walgreens' wants. We invite you to join us on this lighthearted and offbeat exploration, where statistical analyses combine with the charisma of a leading man to create a scholarly endeavor that is as playful as it is thought-provoking.
So, without further ado, let us embark upon our rollicking romp through the cinematic cosmos and the consumer landscapes, our minds open to the zany possibilities that await.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]



ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

Data Collection:
The data for this study was collected from The Movie DB and the American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI). The Movie DB provided information about the number of movies in which Russell Crowe has appeared, while the ACSI offered insights into customer satisfaction levels with Walgreens. The relevant data from these sources cover the period from 2005 to 2020, capturing the cinematic exploits of Russell Crowe and the corresponding customer sentiment toward Walgreens.

Filmography Fandango:
Given the convoluted and oftentimes capricious nature of Hollywood film production, extracting accurate data on Russell Crowe's film appearances posed a formidable challenge. Our research team navigated the labyrinthine corridors of the internet, dredging through countless movie databases and filmography archives. The Movie DB emerged as the primary wellspring of data on Russell Crowe's cinematic endeavors, providing a comprehensive catalog of his appearances across various genres and cinematic universes. Through arduous clicks and keystrokes, we amassed a trove of data encompassing the temporal span from 2005 to 2020, capturing the ebb and flow of Russell Crowe's cinematic presence over the years.

Customer Satisfaction Safari:
The quest for insights into customer satisfaction with Walgreens led our intrepid researchers into the realm of the American Customer Satisfaction Index. With bated breath and intrepid determination, we scoured the digital savannah of customer feedback and satisfaction surveys. The ACSI served as our guide, furnishing a rich tapestry of customer sentiment spanning the years of our investigation. Like skillful trackers, we traced the footprints of consumer satisfaction, seeking to unearth any correlations with the cinematic exploits of Russell Crowe.

Statistical Stargazing:
Our analysis entailed a bevy of statistical acrobatics designed to unravel the enigmatic relationship between Russell Crowe's filmography and customer satisfaction with Walgreens. Employing the methodological constellations of correlation analysis and regression models, we sought to discern patterns in the star-studded firmament of our data. The statistical software served as our celestial telescope, allowing us to chart the trajectories of these disparate variables and discern any cosmic alignments that might portend a connection. Through our statistical stargazing, we aimed to reveal the celestial dance between Russell Crowe's reels and the desires of Walgreens patrons.

Data Limitations and Caveats:
It is important to note the potential limitations of our data sources and analytical methods. The inherent fluidity of Hollywood film releases, the complexities of customer satisfaction measurements, and the idiosyncrasies of statistical analyses all contribute to the possibility of unobserved confounders and variables. While we have endeavored to navigate these treacherous waters with rigor and precision, we acknowledge that our findings should be interpreted with a delightful dash of skepticism and scholarly whimsy.

Ethical Considerations:
Our research adhered to the ethical guidelines of scholarly inquiry, respecting the intellectual property rights of the data sources utilized and upholding the principles of academic integrity in our analyses and interpretations.

In summary, our methodology for this unconventional study resided at the intersection of exhaustive internet excavation, statistical contortions, and a heartfelt pursuit of scholarly mirth. The convergence of these diverse methodologies paved the way for a rollicking romp through the cinematic cosmos and the consumer landscapes, uncovering the unexpected interplay between Russell Crowe's reels and Walgreens' wants.

Continued merriment and statistical exploration await in the forthcoming sections of this scholarly escapade.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The number of movies Russell Crowe appeared in and Customer satisfaction with Walgreens. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from The Movie DB and American Customer Satisfaction Index .

For the time period 2005 to 2020, you found a correlation 0.8040462, r-squared of 0.6464902, and p < 0.01.

One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Russell Crowe's Reels and Walgreens' Wants: A Witty Wanderlust

[[ABSTRACT]]
This unconventional study seeks to shed light on the unlikely relationship between the number of movies in which Russell Crowe has appeared and customer satisfaction with Walgreens. Drawing data from The Movie DB and the American Customer Satisfaction Index over the period from 2005 to 2020, this research reveals a surprisingly strong correlation coefficient of 0.8040462 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. The findings suggest that as Russell Crowe graces the silver screen, customer satisfaction with Walgreens experiences a tangibly buoyant effect. This paper offers a whimsical exploration of the unexpected bond between a Hollywood star's filmography and consumer sentiment toward a leading convenience store chain, providing a delightful departure from the drab corridors of conventional research.

-------

And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
The intersection of Hollywood entertainment and consumer behavior has long been an area of intrigue, with one foot in the dazzling world of celebrity stardom and the other in the mundanity of everyday shopping experiences. In this paper, we embark on a whimsical journey to explore the unlikely connection between the cinematic endeavors of Russell Crowe and the satisfaction levels of patrons frequenting Walgreens locations across the United States. While one might not expect the gladiatorial swashbuckling of Maximus to have any bearing on the products and services provided by a leading pharmacy retailer, our findings may lead you to reconsider your assumptions.
The concept of celebrity endorsements is anything but new, and we are accustomed to seeing famous faces plastered across billboards and television screens in the service of hawking everything from soft drinks to sneakers. However, the notion that the sheer quantity of Russell Crowe's film appearances could exert a substantial influence on the satisfaction of Walgreens customers may appear far-fetched at first glance. Yet, as we delve into the data, a compelling narrative emerges, blurring the boundaries between Hollywood glitz and the prosaic world of consumer preferences.
This study boldly ventures into uncharted territory, departing from the well-trodden paths of traditional consumer research to gaze upon the curious phenomenon that lies at the heart of our investigation. Prepare to be entertained, intrigued, and perhaps even dumbfounded as we uncover the unexpected interplay between Russell Crowe's reels and Walgreens' wants. We invite you to join us on this lighthearted and offbeat exploration, where statistical analyses combine with the charisma of a leading man to create a scholarly endeavor that is as playful as it is thought-provoking.
So, without further ado, let us embark upon our rollicking romp through the cinematic cosmos and the consumer landscapes, our minds open to the zany possibilities that await.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[RESULTS]]



ChatGPT:

[[RESULTS]]

The results of our whimsical investigation reveal a striking correlation between the number of movies in which Russell Crowe has graced the silver screen and customer satisfaction with Walgreens. Over the study period from 2005 to 2020, we found a correlation coefficient of 0.8040462, indicating a robust and positive relationship between these seemingly disparate variables.

The strong correlation is further supported by an r-squared value of 0.6464902, suggesting that approximately 64.6% of the variation in customer satisfaction with Walgreens can be explained by the number of films featuring Russell Crowe. This finding certainly lends credibility to the notion that as Russell Crowe's on-screen appearances increase, so too does the level of contentment felt by Walgreens patrons.

Notably, the statistical significance of our results is underscored by a p-value of less than 0.01. This indicates that the observed relationship between Russell Crowe's cinematic endeavors and customer satisfaction with Walgreens is highly unlikely to have occurred by chance, lending further weight to the validity of our findings. It appears that the magnetic allure of Russell Crowe's performances extends beyond the confines of the silver screen, exerting a palpable influence on the satisfaction levels of Walgreens customers.

Given the robustness of our statistical analyses, we reiterate the veracity of the correlation we have uncovered and the improbable link it delineates between a Hollywood luminary and a ubiquitous retail establishment.

A visual representation of our findings is encapsulated in Figure 1, a scatterplot prominently displaying the strong positive relationship between the number of Russell Crowe's movies and customer satisfaction with Walgreens. This figure serves as an engaging visual cue, encapsulating the unorthodox nature of our research endeavor and the unexpected rapport it has unearthed.

In summary, our findings provide tangible evidence of the often-overlooked interplay between celebrity culture and consumer behaviors, injecting a healthy dose of whimsy into the otherwise staid domain of consumer research. With this intriguing correlation in hand, we take one step closer to unraveling the enigmatic connection between Russell Crowe's reels and Walgreens' wants, shining a light on an unexpected relationship that may inspire amusement, puzzlement, and, not least, a newfound appreciation for the delightful and unpredictable tapestry of human preferences.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The number of movies Russell Crowe appeared in and Customer satisfaction with Walgreens. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
Russell Crowe's Reels and Walgreens' Wants: A Witty Wanderlust

[[ABSTRACT]]
This unconventional study seeks to shed light on the unlikely relationship between the number of movies in which Russell Crowe has appeared and customer satisfaction with Walgreens. Drawing data from The Movie DB and the American Customer Satisfaction Index over the period from 2005 to 2020, this research reveals a surprisingly strong correlation coefficient of 0.8040462 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. The findings suggest that as Russell Crowe graces the silver screen, customer satisfaction with Walgreens experiences a tangibly buoyant effect. This paper offers a whimsical exploration of the unexpected bond between a Hollywood star's filmography and consumer sentiment toward a leading convenience store chain, providing a delightful departure from the drab corridors of conventional research.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
The present literature review seeks to provide an overview of existing research pertaining to the correlation between Russell Crowe's cinematic presence and customer satisfaction with Walgreens. While unconventional, the relationship between a Hollywood actor and a retail chain is not without precedent in the annals of academic inquiry.
In the seminal work of Smith et al. (2015), the authors find a surprising link between celebrity appearances in advertising and consumer behavior. This work sets the stage for our unconventional examination of Russell Crowe's filmography and its potential impact on the shopping experiences of Walgreens patrons. Similarly, Doe and Jones (2017) offer insights into the psychology of celebrity endorsements, positing that the mere presence of a familiar face can significantly influence consumer perceptions. These studies provide a theoretical foundation for our exploration of the Russell Crowe-Walgreens nexus, demonstrating the intriguing confluence of Hollywood influence and retail interactions.
Turning to more tangentially related sources, "The CVS Effect: A Retail Revolution" by Adams (2008) offers a comprehensive analysis of the retail pharmacy landscape, with potential implications for our investigation into Walgreens' customer satisfaction. In a similar vein, "The Art of Seduction" by Greene (2001) explores the subtle dynamics of attraction and persuasion, shedding light on the intricate dance between celebrity appeal and consumer sentiment.
In the realm of fiction that may offer thematic resonance, the works of John Grisham, particularly "The Client" and "The Street Lawyer," delve into the drama of legal battles and corporate machinations, providing an oblique yet tantalizing parallel to the web of intrigue we seek to untangle. Additionally, the "Harry Potter" series by J.K. Rowling, with its themes of heroism and unexpected connections, may offer a whimsical mirror to the surprising relationship we are exploring.
On the small screen, television shows such as "Supermarket Sweep" and "Hollywood Game Night" offer a lighthearted glimpse into consumer behavior and celebrity culture, providing a melange of inspiration as we embark on our own playful exploration of the Russell Crowe-Walgreens dynamics.

[[RESULTS]]
The results of our whimsical investigation reveal a striking correlation between the number of movies in which Russell Crowe has graced the silver screen and customer satisfaction with Walgreens. Over the study period from 2005 to 2020, we found a correlation coefficient of 0.8040462, indicating a robust and positive relationship between these seemingly disparate variables.
The strong correlation is further supported by an r-squared value of 0.6464902, suggesting that approximately 64.6% of the variation in customer satisfaction with Walgreens can be explained by the number of films featuring Russell Crowe. This finding certainly lends credibility to the notion that as Russell Crowe's on-screen appearances increase, so too does the level of contentment felt by Walgreens patrons.
Notably, the statistical significance of our results is underscored by a p-value of less than 0.01. This indicates that the observed relationship between Russell Crowe's cinematic endeavors and customer satisfaction with Walgreens is highly unlikely to have occurred by chance, lending further weight to the validity of our findings. It appears that the magnetic allure of Russell Crowe's performances extends beyond the confines of the silver screen, exerting a palpable influence on the satisfaction levels of Walgreens customers.
Given the robustness of our statistical analyses, we reiterate the veracity of the correlation we have uncovered and the improbable link it delineates between a Hollywood luminary and a ubiquitous retail establishment.
A visual representation of our findings is encapsulated in Figure 1, a scatterplot prominently displaying the strong positive relationship between the number of Russell Crowe's movies and customer satisfaction with Walgreens. This figure serves as an engaging visual cue, encapsulating the unorthodox nature of our research endeavor and the unexpected rapport it has unearthed.
In summary, our findings provide tangible evidence of the often-overlooked interplay between celebrity culture and consumer behaviors, injecting a healthy dose of whimsy into the otherwise staid domain of consumer research. With this intriguing correlation in hand, we take one step closer to unraveling the enigmatic connection between Russell Crowe's reels and Walgreens' wants, shining a light on an unexpected relationship that may inspire amusement, puzzlement, and, not least, a newfound appreciation for the delightful and unpredictable tapestry of human preferences.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

The unexpected yet undeniably robust correlation between the number of movies featuring Russell Crowe and customer satisfaction with Walgreens revealed in our study warrants careful consideration and prompts a reevaluation of the potential influence of celebrity presence on consumer sentiment. While it may seem whimsical at first glance, the correlation coefficient of 0.8040462 and statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01 underscore the tangible impact of Russell Crowe's cinematic endeavors on the satisfaction levels of Walgreens patrons.

The results of our investigation align with prior research, such as the work of Smith et al. (2015), which highlighted the influence of celebrity appearances in advertising on consumer behavior. Similarly, the findings of Doe and Jones (2017) shed light on the psychology of celebrity endorsements, reinforcing our understanding of the profound effect of a familiar face on consumer perceptions. Our study, therefore, contributes to the burgeoning body of literature that acknowledges the potent sway of celebrity presence on consumer experiences, albeit in a delightfully unconventional context involving a Hollywood star and a leading retail chain.

Moreover, our findings reflect the theoretical underpinnings expounded in "The Art of Seduction" by Greene (2001), which explores the subtle dynamics of attraction and persuasion. The allure of Russell Crowe's performances appears to transcend the silver screen, exerting a palpable influence on the satisfaction levels of Walgreens customers, consistent with the theoretical framework posited by Greene. Our study, therefore, echoes the themes of attraction and persuasion elucidated in this literary work, albeit in an unexpected and mirthful way.

In considering the broader thematic resonance within fictional and media realms, our findings evoke the dramatic undercurrents of legal battles and corporate machinations portrayed in the works of John Grisham. The unexpected connection we have unraveled reverberates with the intriguing melodrama depicted in these literary works, painting a picture of intrigue and unexpected correlations that elicit both amusement and contemplation.

The surprising rapport between Russell Crowe's filmography and customer satisfaction with Walgreens encapsulates the delightfully unpredictable tapestry of human preferences, as exemplified by the lighthearted glimpses into consumer behavior and celebrity culture offered by television shows such as "Supermarket Sweep" and "Hollywood Game Night." Our study adds a whimsical layer to the exploration of consumer behavior and celebrity influence, underscoring the serendipitous nuances that enliven the often dour corridors of academic inquiry.

In summary, our investigation into the correlation between Russell Crowe's reels and Walgreens' wants uncovers a fascinating interplay between Hollywood influence and consumer satisfaction, enriching our understanding of the unanticipated ways in which celebrity presence can shape consumer preferences. This delightful departure from conventional research prompts a reconsideration of the whimsical and unpredictable facets of human behavior and preferences, inviting further exploration and amusement in the captivating realm of consumer research.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a dry but witty academic researcher. You speak in the passive voice, and your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between The number of movies Russell Crowe appeared in and Customer satisfaction with Walgreens. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
Russell Crowe's Reels and Walgreens' Wants: A Witty Wanderlust

[[ABSTRACT]]
This unconventional study seeks to shed light on the unlikely relationship between the number of movies in which Russell Crowe has appeared and customer satisfaction with Walgreens. Drawing data from The Movie DB and the American Customer Satisfaction Index over the period from 2005 to 2020, this research reveals a surprisingly strong correlation coefficient of 0.8040462 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. The findings suggest that as Russell Crowe graces the silver screen, customer satisfaction with Walgreens experiences a tangibly buoyant effect. This paper offers a whimsical exploration of the unexpected bond between a Hollywood star's filmography and consumer sentiment toward a leading convenience store chain, providing a delightful departure from the drab corridors of conventional research.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
The intersection of Hollywood entertainment and consumer behavior has long been an area of intrigue, with one foot in the dazzling world of celebrity stardom and the other in the mundanity of everyday shopping experiences. In this paper, we embark on a whimsical journey to explore the unlikely connection between the cinematic endeavors of Russell Crowe and the satisfaction levels of patrons frequenting Walgreens locations across the United States. While one might not expect the gladiatorial swashbuckling of Maximus to have any bearing on the products and services provided by a leading pharmacy retailer, our findings may lead you to reconsider your assumptions.
The concept of celebrity endorsements is anything but new, and we are accustomed to seeing famous faces plastered across billboards and television screens in the service of hawking everything from soft drinks to sneakers. However, the notion that the sheer quantity of Russell Crowe's film appearances could exert a substantial influence on the satisfaction of Walgreens customers may appear far-fetched at first glance. Yet, as we delve into the data, a compelling narrative emerges, blurring the boundaries between Hollywood glitz and the prosaic world of consumer preferences.
This study boldly ventures into uncharted territory, departing from the well-trodden paths of traditional consumer research to gaze upon the curious phenomenon that lies at the heart of our investigation. Prepare to be entertained, intrigued, and perhaps even dumbfounded as we uncover the unexpected interplay between Russell Crowe's reels and Walgreens' wants. We invite you to join us on this lighthearted and offbeat exploration, where statistical analyses combine with the charisma of a leading man to create a scholarly endeavor that is as playful as it is thought-provoking.
So, without further ado, let us embark upon our rollicking romp through the cinematic cosmos and the consumer landscapes, our minds open to the zany possibilities that await.

[[RESULTS]]
The results of our whimsical investigation reveal a striking correlation between the number of movies in which Russell Crowe has graced the silver screen and customer satisfaction with Walgreens. Over the study period from 2005 to 2020, we found a correlation coefficient of 0.8040462, indicating a robust and positive relationship between these seemingly disparate variables.
The strong correlation is further supported by an r-squared value of 0.6464902, suggesting that approximately 64.6% of the variation in customer satisfaction with Walgreens can be explained by the number of films featuring Russell Crowe. This finding certainly lends credibility to the notion that as Russell Crowe's on-screen appearances increase, so too does the level of contentment felt by Walgreens patrons.
Notably, the statistical significance of our results is underscored by a p-value of less than 0.01. This indicates that the observed relationship between Russell Crowe's cinematic endeavors and customer satisfaction with Walgreens is highly unlikely to have occurred by chance, lending further weight to the validity of our findings. It appears that the magnetic allure of Russell Crowe's performances extends beyond the confines of the silver screen, exerting a palpable influence on the satisfaction levels of Walgreens customers.
Given the robustness of our statistical analyses, we reiterate the veracity of the correlation we have uncovered and the improbable link it delineates between a Hollywood luminary and a ubiquitous retail establishment.
A visual representation of our findings is encapsulated in Figure 1, a scatterplot prominently displaying the strong positive relationship between the number of Russell Crowe's movies and customer satisfaction with Walgreens. This figure serves as an engaging visual cue, encapsulating the unorthodox nature of our research endeavor and the unexpected rapport it has unearthed.
In summary, our findings provide tangible evidence of the often-overlooked interplay between celebrity culture and consumer behaviors, injecting a healthy dose of whimsy into the otherwise staid domain of consumer research. With this intriguing correlation in hand, we take one step closer to unraveling the enigmatic connection between Russell Crowe's reels and Walgreens' wants, shining a light on an unexpected relationship that may inspire amusement, puzzlement, and, not least, a newfound appreciation for the delightful and unpredictable tapestry of human preferences.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

In conclusion, our lighthearted odyssey through the intersection of Russell Crowe's cinematic escapades and the discerning patronage of Walgreens stores has yielded remarkably compelling findings. It appears that the unsuspecting charisma of the esteemed actor extends beyond the celluloid realm to exert a notably positive influence on the contentment of consumers frequenting this retail oasis. The robust correlation coefficient of 0.8040462 stands as a testament to the captivating symbiosis between the silver screen allure of Russell Crowe and the everyday appeal of Walgreens.

The sheer audacity of this unexpected linkage between a Hollywood luminary and a cornerstone of consumer convenience offers a delightful departure from the humdrum landscape of traditional consumer research. As we gaze upon the scatterplot in Figure 1, we cannot help but marvel at the whimsical dance of data points, each one a testament to the improbable romance between the multifaceted world of cinema and the quotidian realm of consumer preferences.

While some may question the practical implications of this correlation, we cannot help but appreciate the zany charisma of our findings. The magnetism of Russell Crowe's performances appears to cast a spell over the aisles of Walgreens, charming customers and elevating their satisfaction in a manner both amusing and confounding.

However, despite the enthralling nature of our discoveries, we must acknowledge the limitations of our study. The exact mechanisms underlying this unexpected association remain enigmatic, and further research would be required to illuminate the intricacies of this fanciful rapport. Yet, in the spirit of the unexpected, we contend that the allure of this correlation lies not in its practical applications, but in the whimsical tapestry it weaves within the fabric of consumer behavior research.

In the footsteps of this unconventional exploration, we dare to assert that the intertwining fates of Russell Crowe's reels and Walgreens' wants have been thoroughly probed. No further research is needed in this area, at least until the next unexpected correlation knocks on the door of academia.

Our journey through this delightful dalliance of Hollywood dazzle and consumer contentment has left us with a wry smile and a newfound appreciation for the whimsical complexities that underpin the choices of consumers. As we bid adieu to this unlikely duet, we cannot help but wonder what other surprises await amidst the intersections of celebrity stardom and the everyday landscapes of consumer behavior.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Russell Crowe's Reels and Walgreens' Wants: A Witty Wanderlust. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

The Journal of Cinematic Studies and Consumer Culture


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Russell Crowe's Reels and Walgreens' Wants: A Witty Wanderlust. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

Society for the Advancement of Quirky Filmology


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Russell Crowe's Reels and Walgreens' Wants: A Witty Wanderlust with an abstract of This unconventional study seeks to shed light on the unlikely relationship between the number of movies in which Russell Crowe has appeared and customer satisfaction with Walgreens. Drawing data from The Movie DB and the American Customer Satisfaction Index over the period from 2005 to 2020, this research reveals a surprisingly strong correlation coefficient of 0.8040462 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. The findings suggest that as Russell Crowe graces the silver screen, customer satisfaction with Walgreens experiences a tangibly buoyant effect. This paper offers a whimsical exploration of the unexpected bond between a Hollywood star's filmography and consumer sentiment toward a leading convenience store chain, providing a delightful departure from the drab corridors of conventional research.

ChatGPT:

Russell Crowe, movies, filmography, Walgreens, customer satisfaction, correlation coefficient, statistical significance, The Movie DB, American Customer Satisfaction Index, 2005-2020, unconventional study, consumer sentiment, convenience store chain

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.



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Data details

The number of movies Russell Crowe appeared in
Source: The Movie DB
Additional Info: Gladiator (2000); A Beautiful Mind (2001); Cinderella Man (2005); Bra Boys (2007); L.A. Confidential (1997); Romper Stomper (1992); American Gangster (2007); Robin Hood (2010); 3:10 to Yuma (2007); Tenderness (2009); Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World (2003); Breaking Up (1997); A Good Year (2006); For the Moment (1993); Mystery, Alaska (1999); No Way Back (1995); The Next Three Days (2010); The Silver Brumby (1993); State of Play (2009); Heaven's Burning (1997); Noah (2014); Hammers Over the Anvil (1994); Love In Limbo (1993); The Water Diviner (2014); The Nice Guys (2016); Turtle Odyssey (2018); Unhinged (2020); Poker Face (2022); The Pope's Exorcist (2023); The Hundred Days (2004); Proof of Life (2000); Body of Lies (2008); The Insider (1999); Virtuosity (1995); The Sum of Us (1994); Proof (1991); Rough Magic (1995); Les Misérables (2012); The Real Robin Hood (2010); The Man with the Iron Fists (2012); Broken City (2013); Strength and Honor: Creating the World of 'Gladiator' (2005); Fathers and Daughters (2015); Inside a Beautiful Mind (2002); The Greatest Beer Run Ever (2022); Steve Irwin: He Changed Our World (2006); The Quick and the Dead (1995); The Crossing (1990); Winter's Tale (2014); Boy Erased (2018); Gladiator Games: The Roman Bloodsport (2000); David Stratton: A Cinematic Life (2017); True History of the Kelly Gang (2019); Postcards From Provence (2007); Watch The Throne (Documentary) (2011); Man of Steel (2013); Sunlight and Shadow: The Visual Style of 'L.A. Confidential' (2008); Prizefighter: The Life of Jem Belcher (2022); The Mummy (2017); Whatever You Desire: Making 'L.A. Confidential' (2008); Les Misérables: The History of the World's Greatest Story (2013); Thor: Love and Thunder (2022); Marvel Studios Assembled: The Making of Thor: Love and Thunder (2022); Spotswood (1992); Blood Oath (1990); The Ghost of Richard Harris (2022); La Classe américaine (2012); Sword-and-Sandal (2019); Ultimate Fights from the Movies (2002); The Last Laugh (2016); Zack Snyder's Justice League (2021); Noi siamo cinema (2021); War Machine (2017); And the Oscar Goes to... (2014)

See what else correlates with The number of movies Russell Crowe appeared in

Customer satisfaction with Walgreens
Source: American Customer Satisfaction Index
See what else correlates with Customer satisfaction with Walgreens

Correlation r = 0.8040462 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r2 = 0.6464902 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 64.6% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Customer satisfaction with Walgreens) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., The number of movies Russell Crowe appeared in) over the 16 years from 2005 through 2020.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 0.00017. 0.0001740962928709440700000000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.8 in 0.017% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 5,744 random variables Which I absolutely did.
with the same 15 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 15 because we have two variables measured over a period of 16 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.51, 0.93 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!


All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
2005200620072008200920102011201220132014201520162017201820192020
The number of movies Russell Crowe appeared in (Movie appearances)2243231334123221
Customer satisfaction with Walgreens (Consumer Satisfaction)76767877777775767677747677777574




Why this works

  1. Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
  2. Lack of causal connection: There is probably Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
    no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
  3. Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
    p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.
  4. Y-axis doesn't start at zero: I truncated the Y-axes of the graph above. I also used a line graph, which makes the visual connection stand out more than it deserves. Nothing against line graphs. They are great at telling a story when you have linear data! But visually it is deceptive because the only data is at the points on the graph, not the lines on the graph. In between each point, the data could have been doing anything. Like going for a random walk by itself!
    Mathematically what I showed is true, but it is intentionally misleading. Below is the same chart but with both Y-axes starting at zero.




Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."


# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([2,2,4,3,2,3,1,3,3,4,1,2,3,2,2,1,])
array_2 = np.array([76,76,78,77,77,77,75,76,76,77,74,76,77,77,75,74,])
array_1_name = "The number of movies Russell Crowe appeared in"
array_2_name = "Customer satisfaction with Walgreens"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)



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You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.

For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.

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Correlation ID: 5941 · Black Variable ID: 26622 · Red Variable ID: 19852
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