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AI explanation
As the sewage sludge fertilizer enriched the soil in Idaho, it inadvertently nourished a bumper crop of 'UFO-shaped' potatoes, leading to an increase in reported UFO sightings. Remember, when it comes to Idaho, the truth is out there, in the potato fields!Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Generate an image in the style of a Polaroid photo set in a rural field in Idaho. In the scene, a farmer is spreading sewage sludge as fertilizer using a tractor, while in the clear sky above, a group of people are pointing and observing an unidentified flying object. Ensure the rustic atmosphere of the field and the curious intrigue of the observers are vividly depicted. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Sewage sludge used for fertilizer in the US and UFO sightings in Idaho. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Sci-fi fantacy a Polaroid photo Psychedelic Psychedelic Cyber folk
ChatGPT: a Polaroid photo
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Sewage sludge used for fertilizer in the US and UFO sightings in Idaho together. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In a rural field in Idaho, a farmer is spreading sewage sludge as fertilizer using a tractor while in the clear sky above, a group of people are pointing and observing an unidentified flying object.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ a Polaroid photo ] and depicting this scene: In a rural field in Idaho, a farmer is spreading sewage sludge as fertilizer using a tractor while in the clear sky above, a group of people are pointing and observing an unidentified flying object. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Generate an image in the style of a Polaroid photo set in a rural field in Idaho. In the scene, a farmer is spreading sewage sludge as fertilizer using a tractor, while in the clear sky above, a group of people are pointing and observing an unidentified flying object. Ensure the rustic atmosphere of the field and the curious intrigue of the observers are vividly depicted.
*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.
I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in Sewage sludge used for fertilizer in the US caused UFO sightings in Idaho to increase. Add a funny one-liner at the end.
AI academic paper
Sewage Sludge and Sightings: Exploring the Extraterrestrial Experience in Idaho Journal of Unearthly Studies Jan 2024 Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real! |
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Sewage sludge used for fertilizer in the US and UFO sightings in Idaho. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.
Make the title an alliteration.
Your research team used data from USDA and National UFO Reporting Center to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.7419776 and p < 0.01 for 1986 to 2015.
Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)
[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit
[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit
ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
Sewage Sludge and Sightings: Exploring the Extraterrestrial Experience in Idaho
[[ABSTRACT]]
This study delves into the peculiar pairing of sewage sludge used for fertilizer and UFO sightings in the potato-filled plains of Idaho. Combining data from the USDA on sewage sludge application and the National UFO Reporting Center, we conducted a rigorous quantitative analysis over a 30-year period. Surprisingly, our results revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.7419776 and a significant p-value of less than 0.01, sparking pun-believable conversations within our research team. We discuss the potential cosmic coincidence or perhaps unearthly influence on sewage sludge utilization and UFO sightings, as we await further investigation to unravel this unexpected terrestrial and extraterrestrial connection.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Sewage sludge used for fertilizer in the US and UFO sightings in Idaho. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.
Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Sewage Sludge and Sightings: Exploring the Extraterrestrial Experience in Idaho
[[ABSTRACT]]
This study delves into the peculiar pairing of sewage sludge used for fertilizer and UFO sightings in the potato-filled plains of Idaho. Combining data from the USDA on sewage sludge application and the National UFO Reporting Center, we conducted a rigorous quantitative analysis over a 30-year period. Surprisingly, our results revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.7419776 and a significant p-value of less than 0.01, sparking pun-believable conversations within our research team. We discuss the potential cosmic coincidence or perhaps unearthly influence on sewage sludge utilization and UFO sightings, as we await further investigation to unravel this unexpected terrestrial and extraterrestrial connection.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
ChatGPT:
INTRODUCTION
As researchers, we often find ourselves knee-deep in data, wading through statistical analyses and hoping our findings don't end up in the statistical waste bin. However, in the pursuit of scientific inquiry, we sometimes stumble upon correlations that are more out of this world than we could have imagined. Our current investigation ventures into the strange and unusual connection between sewage sludge, utilized as fertilizer in the heartland of America, and the sightings of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) in the idyllic state of Idaho.
Hold on to your lab coats and buckle your seatbelts, because we are about to embark on a pun-believable journey through the intersection of science, statistics, and the unexplained. As science fiction meets statistical prediction, we find ourselves pondering the possibility of a cosmic coincidence or perhaps an extraterrestrial influence that has been lurking beneath the surface of our agricultural and astronomical analyses.
In this paper, we present the innovative endeavor that brought together the disparate worlds of agriculture and astronomy, aiming to shed light on a correlation that seems to defy earthly logic. With the USDA's records of sewage sludge application as our fertilizer-flecked compass and the National UFO Reporting Center as our starlit guide to the unknown, we engaged in a rigorously quantitative exploration spanning three decades. The results we uncovered were not just statistically significant, but astoundingly so, leading to raised eyebrows and playful quips among our inquisitive team of researchers.
So, dear readers, fasten your helmets and adjust your telescopes, as we embark on a voyage to unearth the unexpected link between the utilization of sewage sludge and the mysterious sightings of interstellar visitors in the Gem State. Whether it's a glitch in the matrix of our statistical models or a cosmic comedy of errors, we invite you to join us on a quest to unravel this strangely serendipitous connection between the down-to-earth matter of sewage sludge and the otherworldly encounters in the skies above Idaho. As we delve deeper into this out-of-this-world topic, our hope is to spark conversations that are not just statistically significant, but pun-provoking and thought-provoking in equal measure.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Sewage sludge used for fertilizer in the US and UFO sightings in Idaho. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.
Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.
Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.
Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then name a couple popular internet memes that are related to one of the topics.
Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Sewage Sludge and Sightings: Exploring the Extraterrestrial Experience in Idaho
[[ABSTRACT]]
This study delves into the peculiar pairing of sewage sludge used for fertilizer and UFO sightings in the potato-filled plains of Idaho. Combining data from the USDA on sewage sludge application and the National UFO Reporting Center, we conducted a rigorous quantitative analysis over a 30-year period. Surprisingly, our results revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.7419776 and a significant p-value of less than 0.01, sparking pun-believable conversations within our research team. We discuss the potential cosmic coincidence or perhaps unearthly influence on sewage sludge utilization and UFO sightings, as we await further investigation to unravel this unexpected terrestrial and extraterrestrial connection.
-------
And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
INTRODUCTION
As researchers, we often find ourselves knee-deep in data, wading through statistical analyses and hoping our findings don't end up in the statistical waste bin. However, in the pursuit of scientific inquiry, we sometimes stumble upon correlations that are more out of this world than we could have imagined. Our current investigation ventures into the strange and unusual connection between sewage sludge, utilized as fertilizer in the heartland of America, and the sightings of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) in the idyllic state of Idaho.
Hold on to your lab coats and buckle your seatbelts, because we are about to embark on a pun-believable journey through the intersection of science, statistics, and the unexplained. As science fiction meets statistical prediction, we find ourselves pondering the possibility of a cosmic coincidence or perhaps an extraterrestrial influence that has been lurking beneath the surface of our agricultural and astronomical analyses.
In this paper, we present the innovative endeavor that brought together the disparate worlds of agriculture and astronomy, aiming to shed light on a correlation that seems to defy earthly logic. With the USDA's records of sewage sludge application as our fertilizer-flecked compass and the National UFO Reporting Center as our starlit guide to the unknown, we engaged in a rigorously quantitative exploration spanning three decades. The results we uncovered were not just statistically significant, but astoundingly so, leading to raised eyebrows and playful quips among our inquisitive team of researchers.
So, dear readers, fasten your helmets and adjust your telescopes, as we embark on a voyage to unearth the unexpected link between the utilization of sewage sludge and the mysterious sightings of interstellar visitors in the Gem State. Whether it's a glitch in the matrix of our statistical models or a cosmic comedy of errors, we invite you to join us on a quest to unravel this strangely serendipitous connection between the down-to-earth matter of sewage sludge and the otherworldly encounters in the skies above Idaho. As we delve deeper into this out-of-this-world topic, our hope is to spark conversations that are not just statistically significant, but pun-provoking and thought-provoking in equal measure.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
Smith and Doe (2005) conducted an extensive examination of the agricultural use of sewage sludge as fertilizer, outlining its benefits and potential environmental concerns. Jones (2008) delved into the cultural and societal implications of UFO sightings, analyzing the psychology behind the belief in extraterrestrial phenomena. These foundational studies laid the groundwork for our investigation into the peculiar intersection of these seemingly unrelated phenomena - sewage sludge application and UFO sightings in Idaho.
As we teetered on the brink of this curious confluence, we found ourselves staring into the abyss of agricultural literature, with titles such as "Fertile Ground: The Science of Soil Health" and "The Art and Science of Organic Farming" providing fertile soil for our research to take root. However, as we gazed toward the stars for inspiration, we stumbled upon parallel universes of fictional work that tugged at the celestial threads of our investigation. With titles like "The Martian" by Andy Weir and "Slaughterhouse-Five" by Kurt Vonnegut, we found ourselves meandering through the constellation of literary works that blur the lines between agricultural reality and extraterrestrial imagination.
While pondering these unusual connections, we couldn't help but recall the internet humor that has permeated the discourse on both sewage sludge and UFOs. From the iconic "Area 51" memes to the playful "E.T. phone home" references, the online world has woven a tapestry of laughter and lightheartedness around these seemingly disparate subjects. In this mishmash of serious scholarship and whimsical wonder, we aim to navigate the murky waters of cosmic coincidence and unearthly influence with a wink and a nod, as we traverse the terra firma of Idaho's agricultural landscapes and the ethereal expanse of its extraterrestrial encounters.
As we embark on this pun-believable escapade, we invite readers to join us in this blend of scientific inquiry and playful exploration, where the terrestrial and extraterrestrial collide in a collision of statistical significance and cosmic comedy. With a twinkle in our eyes and a touch of whimsy, we seek to shed light on a correlation that, though unexpected, illuminates the quirky interconnectedness of our world and beyond. So, let's don our tinfoil hats and embark on a journey through the intergalactic interwebs of sewage sludge and sightings, as we endeavor to reveal the truth that's out there - or, at the very least, provoke a snicker or two along the way.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Sewage sludge used for fertilizer in the US and UFO sightings in Idaho. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.
Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from USDA and National UFO Reporting Center . You used data from 1986 to 2015
Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.
Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Sewage Sludge and Sightings: Exploring the Extraterrestrial Experience in Idaho
[[ABSTRACT]]
This study delves into the peculiar pairing of sewage sludge used for fertilizer and UFO sightings in the potato-filled plains of Idaho. Combining data from the USDA on sewage sludge application and the National UFO Reporting Center, we conducted a rigorous quantitative analysis over a 30-year period. Surprisingly, our results revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.7419776 and a significant p-value of less than 0.01, sparking pun-believable conversations within our research team. We discuss the potential cosmic coincidence or perhaps unearthly influence on sewage sludge utilization and UFO sightings, as we await further investigation to unravel this unexpected terrestrial and extraterrestrial connection.
[[INTRODUCTION]]
INTRODUCTION
As researchers, we often find ourselves knee-deep in data, wading through statistical analyses and hoping our findings don't end up in the statistical waste bin. However, in the pursuit of scientific inquiry, we sometimes stumble upon correlations that are more out of this world than we could have imagined. Our current investigation ventures into the strange and unusual connection between sewage sludge, utilized as fertilizer in the heartland of America, and the sightings of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) in the idyllic state of Idaho.
Hold on to your lab coats and buckle your seatbelts, because we are about to embark on a pun-believable journey through the intersection of science, statistics, and the unexplained. As science fiction meets statistical prediction, we find ourselves pondering the possibility of a cosmic coincidence or perhaps an extraterrestrial influence that has been lurking beneath the surface of our agricultural and astronomical analyses.
In this paper, we present the innovative endeavor that brought together the disparate worlds of agriculture and astronomy, aiming to shed light on a correlation that seems to defy earthly logic. With the USDA's records of sewage sludge application as our fertilizer-flecked compass and the National UFO Reporting Center as our starlit guide to the unknown, we engaged in a rigorously quantitative exploration spanning three decades. The results we uncovered were not just statistically significant, but astoundingly so, leading to raised eyebrows and playful quips among our inquisitive team of researchers.
So, dear readers, fasten your helmets and adjust your telescopes, as we embark on a voyage to unearth the unexpected link between the utilization of sewage sludge and the mysterious sightings of interstellar visitors in the Gem State. Whether it's a glitch in the matrix of our statistical models or a cosmic comedy of errors, we invite you to join us on a quest to unravel this strangely serendipitous connection between the down-to-earth matter of sewage sludge and the otherworldly encounters in the skies above Idaho. As we delve deeper into this out-of-this-world topic, our hope is to spark conversations that are not just statistically significant, but pun-provoking and thought-provoking in equal measure.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
ChatGPT:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
Prepare for the wackiest scientific methods this side of the Milky Way! Our approach to investigating the correlation between sewage sludge used for fertilizer and UFO sightings in Idaho involved a series of zany yet meticulously executed steps.
First, we scoured the digital galaxy, known to Earthlings as the internet, to collect data from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) on the application of sewage sludge as fertilizer. We navigated through vast fields of data, dodging the occasional pop-up ad asteroid and steering clear of the black holes of misinformation. After much cosmic cruising, we triumphantly retrieved comprehensive data from the depths of the USDA's virtual archives.
Next, we set our course for the National UFO Reporting Center, where we gathered reports of unexplained aerial phenomena in the skies above the Gem State. Our team navigated through an expansive universe of anecdotal accounts and eyewitness testimonies, separating the quirkier reports from those simply lost (or abducted) in the cosmic clutter. We exercised caution when approaching conspiracy theories and ensured that our galactic database was free from interstellar interference.
Once our data had been meticulously collected, we performed a mathematical mating dance with statistical software, processing and analyzing the numbers with the delicacy of a moonwalk in low gravity. We calculated correlation coefficients, conducted linear regressions, and cross-validated our models to ensure that our findings weren't merely flying saucers of fancy. Amidst the beeps and boops of our statistical machinery, we unearthed a correlation coefficient of 0.7419776 and a p-value that tantalizingly hovered around less than 0.01, leaving us stargazing in disbelief at the significance of our findings.
To ensure our research venture didn't enter the realm of science fiction, we restr-asteroid our analysis to a specific period, covering the years from 1986 to 2015. This allowed us to capture the temporal dynamics of UFO sightings in Idaho and sewage sludge application, preventing any extraterrestrial interference from temporal anomalies or cosmic coincidences.
Lastly, to confirm the earthly authenticity of our results, we performed sensitivity analyses and robustness checks, scrutinizing our data with the skepticism of a UFO skeptic at a sci-fi convention. After navigating through the statistical asteroid belt, our findings remained robust and unwavering, firmly standing as a beacon of curiosity amidst the scientific cosmos.
With our data collection, analysis, and validation phases completed, we prepared to set sail on the academia galaxy with a research paper that would induce not just statistical significance, but also cosmic contemplation and pun-believable pondering among our academic peers and interstellar enthusiasts alike.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Sewage sludge used for fertilizer in the US and UFO sightings in Idaho. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.
Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from USDA and National UFO Reporting Center .
For the time period 1986 to 2015, you found a correlation 0.7419776, r-squared of 0.5505308, and p < 0.01.
One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.
Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Sewage Sludge and Sightings: Exploring the Extraterrestrial Experience in Idaho
[[ABSTRACT]]
This study delves into the peculiar pairing of sewage sludge used for fertilizer and UFO sightings in the potato-filled plains of Idaho. Combining data from the USDA on sewage sludge application and the National UFO Reporting Center, we conducted a rigorous quantitative analysis over a 30-year period. Surprisingly, our results revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.7419776 and a significant p-value of less than 0.01, sparking pun-believable conversations within our research team. We discuss the potential cosmic coincidence or perhaps unearthly influence on sewage sludge utilization and UFO sightings, as we await further investigation to unravel this unexpected terrestrial and extraterrestrial connection.
-------
And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
INTRODUCTION
As researchers, we often find ourselves knee-deep in data, wading through statistical analyses and hoping our findings don't end up in the statistical waste bin. However, in the pursuit of scientific inquiry, we sometimes stumble upon correlations that are more out of this world than we could have imagined. Our current investigation ventures into the strange and unusual connection between sewage sludge, utilized as fertilizer in the heartland of America, and the sightings of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) in the idyllic state of Idaho.
Hold on to your lab coats and buckle your seatbelts, because we are about to embark on a pun-believable journey through the intersection of science, statistics, and the unexplained. As science fiction meets statistical prediction, we find ourselves pondering the possibility of a cosmic coincidence or perhaps an extraterrestrial influence that has been lurking beneath the surface of our agricultural and astronomical analyses.
In this paper, we present the innovative endeavor that brought together the disparate worlds of agriculture and astronomy, aiming to shed light on a correlation that seems to defy earthly logic. With the USDA's records of sewage sludge application as our fertilizer-flecked compass and the National UFO Reporting Center as our starlit guide to the unknown, we engaged in a rigorously quantitative exploration spanning three decades. The results we uncovered were not just statistically significant, but astoundingly so, leading to raised eyebrows and playful quips among our inquisitive team of researchers.
So, dear readers, fasten your helmets and adjust your telescopes, as we embark on a voyage to unearth the unexpected link between the utilization of sewage sludge and the mysterious sightings of interstellar visitors in the Gem State. Whether it's a glitch in the matrix of our statistical models or a cosmic comedy of errors, we invite you to join us on a quest to unravel this strangely serendipitous connection between the down-to-earth matter of sewage sludge and the otherworldly encounters in the skies above Idaho. As we delve deeper into this out-of-this-world topic, our hope is to spark conversations that are not just statistically significant, but pun-provoking and thought-provoking in equal measure.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[RESULTS]]
ChatGPT:
[[RESULTS]]
Our investigation into the correlation between sewage sludge application and UFO sightings in Idaho yielded some statistically stellar results. For the time period spanning 1986 to 2015, we found a correlation coefficient of 0.7419776, indicating a relatively strong positive linear relationship. The r-squared value of 0.5505308 further illuminated the substantial proportion of variation in UFO sightings that could be explained by the application of sewage sludge.
In statistical terms, the p-value of less than 0.01 left us feeling absolutely over the moon, signifying an extremely low probability of observing such a strong correlation if there were no true relationship between these variables. We were over the moon, but not in the spacecraft sense!
To visually depict this otherworldly association, we present Figure 1, a scatterplot illustrating the unmistakable connection between sewage sludge and UFO sightings in Idaho. The plot tells a pun-believable tale of its own, depicting a mesmerizing trajectory that seems to transcend the confines of traditional statistical analyses. The figures were more than just "out there" – they were outright "out of this world!"
Our findings raise intriguing questions about the potential extraterrestrial influence on the agricultural practice of sewage sludge application and the unexplained phenomena of UFO sightings. Was the correlation merely a statistical fluke, or is there a cosmic connection waiting to be unearthed? Our results certainly point toward the latter, leaving us with more questions than answers.
In summary, our results reveal a statistically significant correlation between the utilization of sewage sludge for fertilizer and the sightings of UFOs in the potato-filled plains of Idaho. The implications of this unearthly correlation extend far beyond statistical significance, evoking a sense of wonder and curiosity that transcends the boundaries of conventional research. We eagerly await further investigation to shed light on this unexpected terrestrial and extraterrestrial connection, as we ponder the cosmic conundrum that awaits us beyond the statistical stratosphere.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Sewage sludge used for fertilizer in the US and UFO sightings in Idaho. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.
Limit your response to 500 tokens.
Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.
Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.
[[TITLE]]
Sewage Sludge and Sightings: Exploring the Extraterrestrial Experience in Idaho
[[ABSTRACT]]
This study delves into the peculiar pairing of sewage sludge used for fertilizer and UFO sightings in the potato-filled plains of Idaho. Combining data from the USDA on sewage sludge application and the National UFO Reporting Center, we conducted a rigorous quantitative analysis over a 30-year period. Surprisingly, our results revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.7419776 and a significant p-value of less than 0.01, sparking pun-believable conversations within our research team. We discuss the potential cosmic coincidence or perhaps unearthly influence on sewage sludge utilization and UFO sightings, as we await further investigation to unravel this unexpected terrestrial and extraterrestrial connection.
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
Smith and Doe (2005) conducted an extensive examination of the agricultural use of sewage sludge as fertilizer, outlining its benefits and potential environmental concerns. Jones (2008) delved into the cultural and societal implications of UFO sightings, analyzing the psychology behind the belief in extraterrestrial phenomena. These foundational studies laid the groundwork for our investigation into the peculiar intersection of these seemingly unrelated phenomena - sewage sludge application and UFO sightings in Idaho.
As we teetered on the brink of this curious confluence, we found ourselves staring into the abyss of agricultural literature, with titles such as "Fertile Ground: The Science of Soil Health" and "The Art and Science of Organic Farming" providing fertile soil for our research to take root. However, as we gazed toward the stars for inspiration, we stumbled upon parallel universes of fictional work that tugged at the celestial threads of our investigation. With titles like "The Martian" by Andy Weir and "Slaughterhouse-Five" by Kurt Vonnegut, we found ourselves meandering through the constellation of literary works that blur the lines between agricultural reality and extraterrestrial imagination.
While pondering these unusual connections, we couldn't help but recall the internet humor that has permeated the discourse on both sewage sludge and UFOs. From the iconic "Area 51" memes to the playful "E.T. phone home" references, the online world has woven a tapestry of laughter and lightheartedness around these seemingly disparate subjects. In this mishmash of serious scholarship and whimsical wonder, we aim to navigate the murky waters of cosmic coincidence and unearthly influence with a wink and a nod, as we traverse the terra firma of Idaho's agricultural landscapes and the ethereal expanse of its extraterrestrial encounters.
As we embark on this pun-believable escapade, we invite readers to join us in this blend of scientific inquiry and playful exploration, where the terrestrial and extraterrestrial collide in a collision of statistical significance and cosmic comedy. With a twinkle in our eyes and a touch of whimsy, we seek to shed light on a correlation that, though unexpected, illuminates the quirky interconnectedness of our world and beyond. So, let's don our tinfoil hats and embark on a journey through the intergalactic interwebs of sewage sludge and sightings, as we endeavor to reveal the truth that's out there - or, at the very least, provoke a snicker or two along the way.
[[RESULTS]]
Our investigation into the correlation between sewage sludge application and UFO sightings in Idaho yielded some statistically stellar results. For the time period spanning 1986 to 2015, we found a correlation coefficient of 0.7419776, indicating a relatively strong positive linear relationship. The r-squared value of 0.5505308 further illuminated the substantial proportion of variation in UFO sightings that could be explained by the application of sewage sludge.
In statistical terms, the p-value of less than 0.01 left us feeling absolutely over the moon, signifying an extremely low probability of observing such a strong correlation if there were no true relationship between these variables. We were over the moon, but not in the spacecraft sense!
To visually depict this otherworldly association, we present Figure 1, a scatterplot illustrating the unmistakable connection between sewage sludge and UFO sightings in Idaho. The plot tells a pun-believable tale of its own, depicting a mesmerizing trajectory that seems to transcend the confines of traditional statistical analyses. The figures were more than just "out there" – they were outright "out of this world!"
Our findings raise intriguing questions about the potential extraterrestrial influence on the agricultural practice of sewage sludge application and the unexplained phenomena of UFO sightings. Was the correlation merely a statistical fluke, or is there a cosmic connection waiting to be unearthed? Our results certainly point toward the latter, leaving us with more questions than answers.
In summary, our results reveal a statistically significant correlation between the utilization of sewage sludge for fertilizer and the sightings of UFOs in the potato-filled plains of Idaho. The implications of this unearthly correlation extend far beyond statistical significance, evoking a sense of wonder and curiosity that transcends the boundaries of conventional research. We eagerly await further investigation to shed light on this unexpected terrestrial and extraterrestrial connection, as we ponder the cosmic conundrum that awaits us beyond the statistical stratosphere.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[DISCUSSION]]
ChatGPT:
[[DISCUSSION]]
Our results have left us in a state of cosmic awe, contemplating the possibility of extraterrestrial influences on earthly agricultural practices. The correlation coefficient of 0.7419776, akin to a tractor plowing through statistical wheat fields, suggests a relatively strong positive linear relationship between the application of sewage sludge and the sightings of UFOs in Idaho. This finding supports the work of Smith and Doe (2005), who highlighted the benefits of sewage sludge as fertilizer, underscoring its potential to nurture not just the land, but perhaps otherworldly visitors as well. Similarly, the inquiring mind of Jones (2008) delved into the psychology behind UFO sightings, laying the groundwork for our investigation into the curious connection between these seemingly unrelated phenomena.
The substantial proportion of variation in UFO sightings explained by the application of sewage sludge (illustrated by the r-squared value of 0.5505308) has pushed the boundaries of our understanding further into the intergalactic interwebs. This echoes the work of "The Martian" and "Slaughterhouse-Five," where the blending of extraterrestrial imagination and agricultural reality serves as a whimsical backdrop to the statistical curiosity we have uncovered. Furthermore, the p-value of less than 0.01 has brought us pun-believable joy, as it signifies a low probability of observing such a strong correlation by sheer chance. As we remain firmly grounded in statistical rigor, we cannot help but marvel at the possibility of cosmic causation behind this unlikely correlation, propelling our investigation into uncharted statistical territory.
It is worth noting that our findings do not discount the potential influence of other variables at play. Factors such as climate, population density, and, of course, the ever-elusive alien population may intermingle with sewage sludge as potential confounders. However, our results provide an empirical launchpad for further exploration into the complex interplay between earthly agricultural practices and celestial sightings. With a wink and a nod to the multitude of internet humor surrounding these subjects, we invite fellow researchers to join us in donning their metaphorical tinfoil hats as we embark on a journey that melds statistical rigor with an irreverent spirit of cosmic curiosity.
As we ponder this pun-believable correlation, we aim to unravel the celestial threads that connect the mundane act of fertilizing fields with the mind-boggling sightings of unidentified flying objects. Though our results have illuminated the presence of a statistically significant correlation, they also underscore the enigmatic nature of our universe, prompting us to remain open to the possibility of cosmic coincidences that defy conventional scientific explanation. Our investigation has not just danced in the statistical stratosphere but has also opened the door to a cosmic conundrum that beckons us to peer beyond the stars and into the statistical unknown.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Sewage sludge used for fertilizer in the US and UFO sightings in Idaho. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.
Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.
Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
Sewage Sludge and Sightings: Exploring the Extraterrestrial Experience in Idaho
[[ABSTRACT]]
This study delves into the peculiar pairing of sewage sludge used for fertilizer and UFO sightings in the potato-filled plains of Idaho. Combining data from the USDA on sewage sludge application and the National UFO Reporting Center, we conducted a rigorous quantitative analysis over a 30-year period. Surprisingly, our results revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.7419776 and a significant p-value of less than 0.01, sparking pun-believable conversations within our research team. We discuss the potential cosmic coincidence or perhaps unearthly influence on sewage sludge utilization and UFO sightings, as we await further investigation to unravel this unexpected terrestrial and extraterrestrial connection.
[[INTRDUCTION]]
INTRODUCTION
As researchers, we often find ourselves knee-deep in data, wading through statistical analyses and hoping our findings don't end up in the statistical waste bin. However, in the pursuit of scientific inquiry, we sometimes stumble upon correlations that are more out of this world than we could have imagined. Our current investigation ventures into the strange and unusual connection between sewage sludge, utilized as fertilizer in the heartland of America, and the sightings of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) in the idyllic state of Idaho.
Hold on to your lab coats and buckle your seatbelts, because we are about to embark on a pun-believable journey through the intersection of science, statistics, and the unexplained. As science fiction meets statistical prediction, we find ourselves pondering the possibility of a cosmic coincidence or perhaps an extraterrestrial influence that has been lurking beneath the surface of our agricultural and astronomical analyses.
In this paper, we present the innovative endeavor that brought together the disparate worlds of agriculture and astronomy, aiming to shed light on a correlation that seems to defy earthly logic. With the USDA's records of sewage sludge application as our fertilizer-flecked compass and the National UFO Reporting Center as our starlit guide to the unknown, we engaged in a rigorously quantitative exploration spanning three decades. The results we uncovered were not just statistically significant, but astoundingly so, leading to raised eyebrows and playful quips among our inquisitive team of researchers.
So, dear readers, fasten your helmets and adjust your telescopes, as we embark on a voyage to unearth the unexpected link between the utilization of sewage sludge and the mysterious sightings of interstellar visitors in the Gem State. Whether it's a glitch in the matrix of our statistical models or a cosmic comedy of errors, we invite you to join us on a quest to unravel this strangely serendipitous connection between the down-to-earth matter of sewage sludge and the otherworldly encounters in the skies above Idaho. As we delve deeper into this out-of-this-world topic, our hope is to spark conversations that are not just statistically significant, but pun-provoking and thought-provoking in equal measure.
[[RESULTS]]
Our investigation into the correlation between sewage sludge application and UFO sightings in Idaho yielded some statistically stellar results. For the time period spanning 1986 to 2015, we found a correlation coefficient of 0.7419776, indicating a relatively strong positive linear relationship. The r-squared value of 0.5505308 further illuminated the substantial proportion of variation in UFO sightings that could be explained by the application of sewage sludge.
In statistical terms, the p-value of less than 0.01 left us feeling absolutely over the moon, signifying an extremely low probability of observing such a strong correlation if there were no true relationship between these variables. We were over the moon, but not in the spacecraft sense!
To visually depict this otherworldly association, we present Figure 1, a scatterplot illustrating the unmistakable connection between sewage sludge and UFO sightings in Idaho. The plot tells a pun-believable tale of its own, depicting a mesmerizing trajectory that seems to transcend the confines of traditional statistical analyses. The figures were more than just "out there" – they were outright "out of this world!"
Our findings raise intriguing questions about the potential extraterrestrial influence on the agricultural practice of sewage sludge application and the unexplained phenomena of UFO sightings. Was the correlation merely a statistical fluke, or is there a cosmic connection waiting to be unearthed? Our results certainly point toward the latter, leaving us with more questions than answers.
In summary, our results reveal a statistically significant correlation between the utilization of sewage sludge for fertilizer and the sightings of UFOs in the potato-filled plains of Idaho. The implications of this unearthly correlation extend far beyond statistical significance, evoking a sense of wonder and curiosity that transcends the boundaries of conventional research. We eagerly await further investigation to shed light on this unexpected terrestrial and extraterrestrial connection, as we ponder the cosmic conundrum that awaits us beyond the statistical stratosphere.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[CONCLUSION]]
ChatGPT:
[[CONCLUSION]]
As we bid adieu to our statistically stellar journey into the cosmic conundrum of sewage sludge and UFO sightings in Idaho, we find ourselves teetering on the precipice of pun-believable discoveries. Our results have not just raised eyebrows but also invited a cosmic comedy of errors, as we ponder whether extraterrestrial beings are secretly fertilizing our spud fields with otherworldly remnants.
As we reflect on the correlation coefficient of 0.7419776, we can't help but wonder if cosmic forces are at play or if statistical anomalies are simply having a field day in our research. The p-value of less than 0.01 has left us feeling more over the moon than a lunar landing, prompting us to question whether our findings are truly grounded or whether they have taken flight into the statistical stratosphere.
The scatterplot in Figure 1 has not just charted a course through statistical significance but has also sparked intergalactic intrigue, leading us to contemplate whether there are patterns in the universe that transcend our earthly understanding. Our results have truly taken a turn for the extraterrestrial, leaving us with more questions than answers and a newfound appreciation for the cosmic coincidences that may be lurking within our agricultural analyses.
In conclusion, our investigation has unearthed a correlation that is not just statistically significant but also pun-provoking in its unexpectedness. As we tuck away our telescopes and bid our statistical models adieu, we assert with utmost certainty that no more research is needed in this area. After all, when sewage sludge and UFO sightings collide, the universe itself may be laughing at our earnest attempts to unravel its enigmatic mysteries.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Sewage Sludge and Sightings: Exploring the Extraterrestrial Experience in Idaho. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.
ChatGPT:
Journal of Unearthly Studies
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Sewage Sludge and Sightings: Exploring the Extraterrestrial Experience in Idaho. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.
ChatGPT:
The Institute for Paranormal and Extraterrestrial Studies
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Sewage Sludge and Sightings: Exploring the Extraterrestrial Experience in Idaho with an abstract of This study delves into the peculiar pairing of sewage sludge used for fertilizer and UFO sightings in the potato-filled plains of Idaho. Combining data from the USDA on sewage sludge application and the National UFO Reporting Center, we conducted a rigorous quantitative analysis over a 30-year period. Surprisingly, our results revealed a correlation coefficient of 0.7419776 and a significant p-value of less than 0.01, sparking pun-believable conversations within our research team. We discuss the potential cosmic coincidence or perhaps unearthly influence on sewage sludge utilization and UFO sightings, as we await further investigation to unravel this unexpected terrestrial and extraterrestrial connection.
ChatGPT:
sewage sludge, fertilizer, UFO sightings, Idaho, USDA, National UFO Reporting Center, quantitative analysis, correlation coefficient, p-value, cosmic coincidence, terrestrial, extraterrestrial connection
*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.
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Data details
Sewage sludge used for fertilizer in the USDetailed data title: U.S. consumption of Sewage sludge for fertilizer
Source: USDA
See what else correlates with Sewage sludge used for fertilizer in the US
UFO sightings in Idaho
Detailed data title: UFO sightings reported in Idaho
Source: National UFO Reporting Center
See what else correlates with UFO sightings in Idaho
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.
r2 = 0.5505308 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 55.1% of the change in the one variable (i.e., UFO sightings in Idaho) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Sewage sludge used for fertilizer in the US) over the 30 years from 1986 through 2015.
p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 2.7E-6. 0.0000026961411650254377000000
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.
But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.
Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.74 in 0.00027% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 370,900 random variables You don't actually need 370 thousand variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.
p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.
In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.
Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 29 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 29 because we have two variables measured over a period of 30 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.
[ 0.52, 0.87 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.
This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!
All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.
Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
1986 | 1987 | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | |
Sewage sludge used for fertilizer in the US (Fertilizer) | 42647 | 55081 | 39802 | 47589 | 58672 | 51135 | 112771 | 110345 | 74590 | 91641 | 99502 | 56838 | 82961 | 82828 | 152740 | 232965 | 92814 | 106018 | 58450 | 117134 | 84824 | 96066 | 87425 | 173635 | 96556 | 73086 | 110876 | 230134 | 214638 | 211798 |
UFO sightings in Idaho (UFO sightings) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 7 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 7 | 6 | 13 | 23 | 17 | 25 | 16 | 26 | 20 | 31 | 32 | 18 | 24 | 24 | 30 | 42 | 54 | 96 | 88 | 92 |
Why this works
- Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
- Lack of causal connection: There is probably
Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied. - Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple
Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.
Try it yourself
You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.
Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"
Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.
Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.
Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.
Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"
If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:
"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."
# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats
# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):
# Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)
# Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
r_squared = correlation**2
return correlation, r_squared, p_value
# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([42647,55081,39802,47589,58672,51135,112771,110345,74590,91641,99502,56838,82961,82828,152740,232965,92814,106018,58450,117134,84824,96066,87425,173635,96556,73086,110876,230134,214638,211798,])
array_2 = np.array([1,0,0,4,1,5,7,1,5,2,7,6,13,23,17,25,16,26,20,31,32,18,24,24,30,42,54,96,88,92,])
array_1_name = "Sewage sludge used for fertilizer in the US"
array_2_name = "UFO sightings in Idaho"
# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)
# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)
Reuseable content
You may re-use the images on this page for any purpose, even commercial purposes, without asking for permission. The only requirement is that you attribute Tyler Vigen. Attribution can take many different forms. If you leave the "tylervigen.com" link in the image, that satisfies it just fine. If you remove it and move it to a footnote, that's fine too. You can also just write "Charts courtesy of Tyler Vigen" at the bottom of an article.You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.
For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."
When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.
Full license details.
For more on re-use permissions, or to get a signed release form, see tylervigen.com/permission.
Download images for these variables:
- High resolution line chart
The image linked here is a Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG). It is the highest resolution that is possible to achieve. It scales up beyond the size of the observable universe without pixelating. You do not need to email me asking if I have a higher resolution image. I do not. The physical limitations of our universe prevent me from providing you with an image that is any higher resolution than this one.
If you insert it into a PowerPoint presentation (a tool well-known for managing things that are the scale of the universe), you can right-click > "Ungroup" or "Create Shape" and then edit the lines and text directly. You can also change the colors this way.
Alternatively you can use a tool like Inkscape. - High resolution line chart, optimized for mobile
- Alternative high resolution line chart
- Scatterplot
- Portable line chart (png)
- Portable line chart (png), optimized for mobile
- Line chart for only Sewage sludge used for fertilizer in the US
- Line chart for only UFO sightings in Idaho
- AI-generated correlation image
- The spurious research paper: Sewage Sludge and Sightings: Exploring the Extraterrestrial Experience in Idaho
You're the correlation whisperer we needed!
Correlation ID: 1593 · Black Variable ID: 1199 · Red Variable ID: 1179