Download png, svg
AI explanation
It's simple, really. As more parents named their daughters Annabelle after the creepy doll in the horror movies, they inadvertently unleashed a wave of spooky energy. This supernatural surge somehow attracted UFOs to South Carolina, creating a breeding ground for otherworldly encounters. Remember, when it rains popularity, it pours unidentified flying objects!Model: dalle-3
Prompt: [Whimsical illustration] A serene South Carolina night sky is illuminated with the glimmering lights of UFOs. The UFOs are playfully crafted in various whimsical shapes and sizes, from classic saucers to curious geometric forms. Below, a gathering of curious onlookers gazes upwards in wonder, their expressions a mix of awe and excitement. The scene exudes a lighthearted and enchanting vibe, capturing the unexpected intersection of celestial and terrestrial intrigue brought upon by the burgeoning popularity of the name Annabelle. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Popularity of the first name Annabelle and UFO sightings in South Carolina. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: Woodblock painting Whimsical illustration Glitch art Cybernetic art 3D Pixar Style
ChatGPT: Whimsical illustration
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Popularity of the first name Annabelle and UFO sightings in South Carolina, in the following situation: As the popularity of the name Annabelle skyrocketed, it created a celestial imbalance. The universe couldn't handle so many people summoning "Anna"-lien beings, leading to a surge in UFO sightings in South Carolina. It seems the aliens just couldn't resist the cosmic call of "Annie" - after all, they were simply "drawn" to the idea of making contact with a name that sounds like it's straight out of a sci-fi flick! And as more Annabelles entered the world, it's like they were broadcasting a signal saying, "Take me to your leader... or at least take me for some sweet tea in the South!" It's a case of cosmic confusion, where the aliens mistook the state for a landing strip and thought they heard a southern drawl from space. Who knew that the key to intergalactic communication and UFO tourism lay in the name Annabelle? It's enough to make anyone do a double take and wonder if they, too, might attract some extraterrestrial attention just by saying, "Annabelle, Annabelle, Annabelle" three times in front of a mirror!. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In South Carolina, as the name Annabelle became increasingly popular, UFO sightings surged. The night sky was alight with mysterious objects, drawn to the celestial allure of the name. People gazed upward, wondering if the influx of Annabelles was inadvertently inviting extraterrestrial guests to the Palmetto State. The air buzzed with the cosmic curiosity of both humans and otherworldly visitors, creating an unexpected intersection of terrestrial and celestial intrigue.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ Whimsical illustration ] and depicting this scene: In South Carolina, as the name Annabelle became increasingly popular, UFO sightings surged. The night sky was alight with mysterious objects, drawn to the celestial allure of the name. People gazed upward, wondering if the influx of Annabelles was inadvertently inviting extraterrestrial guests to the Palmetto State. The air buzzed with the cosmic curiosity of both humans and otherworldly visitors, creating an unexpected intersection of terrestrial and celestial intrigue. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: [Whimsical illustration] A serene South Carolina night sky is illuminated with the glimmering lights of UFOs. The UFOs are playfully crafted in various whimsical shapes and sizes, from classic saucers to curious geometric forms. Below, a gathering of curious onlookers gazes upwards in wonder, their expressions a mix of awe and excitement. The scene exudes a lighthearted and enchanting vibe, capturing the unexpected intersection of celestial and terrestrial intrigue brought upon by the burgeoning popularity of the name Annabelle.
*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.
I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in Popularity of the first name Annabelle caused UFO sightings in South Carolina to increase. Add a funny one-liner at the end.
AI academic paper
Unidentified First Name Phenomena: The Anns and Aliens Connection in South Carolina The Journal of Extraterrestrial Anthropology and Anomalous Phenomena Jan 2024 Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real! |
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Annabelle and UFO sightings in South Carolina. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.
Make the title punny if you can come up with clever pun. If not, just make it sound clever.
Your research team used data from US Social Security Administration and National UFO Reporting Center to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.9313793 and p < 0.01 for 1975 to 2021.
Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)
[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit
[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit
ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
Unidentified First Name Phenomena: The Anns and Aliens Connection in South Carolina
[[ABSTRACT]]
This research paper delves into the intriguing correlation between the popularity of the first name Annabelle and UFO sightings in the picturesque state of South Carolina. Leveraging exhaustive data from the US Social Security Administration and the National UFO Reporting Center, our crack team of researcher comedic inquirer strived to unravel this celestial enigma. Upon rigorous analysis and statistical wizardry, we have unearthed a startling correlation coefficient of 0.9313793, with p < 0.01, spanning the years from 1975 to 2021. Our findings yield a tantalizing revelation that the surges in Annabelle's popularity seem to align uncannily with increased UFO sightings, leading us to wonder if there may be a cosmic connection beyond mere coincidence. While further investigation is warranted, this study sheds light on a whimsical intersection between celestial visitations and nomenclatural trends, leaving us pondering the possibility of celestial beings taking a keen interest in the moniker Annabelle in the charming state of South Carolina.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Annabelle and UFO sightings in South Carolina. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.
Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Unidentified First Name Phenomena: The Anns and Aliens Connection in South Carolina
[[ABSTRACT]]
This research paper delves into the intriguing correlation between the popularity of the first name Annabelle and UFO sightings in the picturesque state of South Carolina. Leveraging exhaustive data from the US Social Security Administration and the National UFO Reporting Center, our crack team of researcher comedic inquirer strived to unravel this celestial enigma. Upon rigorous analysis and statistical wizardry, we have unearthed a startling correlation coefficient of 0.9313793, with p < 0.01, spanning the years from 1975 to 2021. Our findings yield a tantalizing revelation that the surges in Annabelle's popularity seem to align uncannily with increased UFO sightings, leading us to wonder if there may be a cosmic connection beyond mere coincidence. While further investigation is warranted, this study sheds light on a whimsical intersection between celestial visitations and nomenclatural trends, leaving us pondering the possibility of celestial beings taking a keen interest in the moniker Annabelle in the charming state of South Carolina.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
ChatGPT:
As we enter the realm of uncharted territories, it is essential to approach with a sense of curiosity, an appetite for discovery, and a healthy dose of skepticism. Such is the nature of our expedition into the enigmatic and somewhat whimsical territory of the correlation between the popularity of the first name Annabelle and UFO sightings in the state of South Carolina. This peculiar junction where terrestrial nomenclature intersects with extraterrestrial phenomena has piqued the interest of both statistical aficionados and pun enthusiasts alike. The premise may seem far-fetched at first glance, but as we embark on this scientific journey, remember that in the world of statistics, correlation does not always imply causation – but it sure makes for some intriguing hypotheses!
The allure of UFO sightings has captivated the human imagination for decades, inspiring countless science fiction tales and the eternal question, "Are we alone in the universe?" On the other hand, the choice of a name—whether it be influenced by family tradition, historical significance, or the latest celebrity trends—holds a unique place in the tapestry of human culture. Yet, who would have thought that these seemingly disparate threads could come together to weave a tale of cosmic proportions?
This study sets out to explore this unexpected connection with a blend of scientific rigor and a sprinkle of cosmic curiosity, encapsulating the essence of scholarly pursuit with a dash of adventurous spirit. We aim to uncover whether there exists a substantial relationship between the ebb and flow of Annabelle's popularity and the reported sightings of unidentified flying objects in the charming backdrop of South Carolina. If the data indeed reveals a substantial correlation, we would be remiss if we did not entertain the possibility of a celestial fascination with the name "Annabelle," or at the very least, an extraterrestrial penchant for statistical mischief.
So, buckle up and prepare for a scientific odyssey that treads the thin line between the eccentric and the empirical, where the ordinary and the otherworldly converge in a dance of statistical significance and celestial whimsy. For in the grand cosmic ballet of research, it's not just about the data – it's also about the unexpected stories and puns that emerge along the way. Let's shoot for the stars—metaphorically speaking, of course—and take a lighthearted yet methodical approach to unraveling this intriguing anomaly. After all, the universe has an uncanny sense of humor, and who are we to resist joining in the celestial jest?
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Annabelle and UFO sightings in South Carolina. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns.
Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.
Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.
Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then name some movies that you watched that are tangentially related to the topic.
Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Unidentified First Name Phenomena: The Anns and Aliens Connection in South Carolina
[[ABSTRACT]]
This research paper delves into the intriguing correlation between the popularity of the first name Annabelle and UFO sightings in the picturesque state of South Carolina. Leveraging exhaustive data from the US Social Security Administration and the National UFO Reporting Center, our crack team of researcher comedic inquirer strived to unravel this celestial enigma. Upon rigorous analysis and statistical wizardry, we have unearthed a startling correlation coefficient of 0.9313793, with p < 0.01, spanning the years from 1975 to 2021. Our findings yield a tantalizing revelation that the surges in Annabelle's popularity seem to align uncannily with increased UFO sightings, leading us to wonder if there may be a cosmic connection beyond mere coincidence. While further investigation is warranted, this study sheds light on a whimsical intersection between celestial visitations and nomenclatural trends, leaving us pondering the possibility of celestial beings taking a keen interest in the moniker Annabelle in the charming state of South Carolina.
-------
And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
As we enter the realm of uncharted territories, it is essential to approach with a sense of curiosity, an appetite for discovery, and a healthy dose of skepticism. Such is the nature of our expedition into the enigmatic and somewhat whimsical territory of the correlation between the popularity of the first name Annabelle and UFO sightings in the state of South Carolina. This peculiar junction where terrestrial nomenclature intersects with extraterrestrial phenomena has piqued the interest of both statistical aficionados and pun enthusiasts alike. The premise may seem far-fetched at first glance, but as we embark on this scientific journey, remember that in the world of statistics, correlation does not always imply causation – but it sure makes for some intriguing hypotheses!
The allure of UFO sightings has captivated the human imagination for decades, inspiring countless science fiction tales and the eternal question, "Are we alone in the universe?" On the other hand, the choice of a name—whether it be influenced by family tradition, historical significance, or the latest celebrity trends—holds a unique place in the tapestry of human culture. Yet, who would have thought that these seemingly disparate threads could come together to weave a tale of cosmic proportions?
This study sets out to explore this unexpected connection with a blend of scientific rigor and a sprinkle of cosmic curiosity, encapsulating the essence of scholarly pursuit with a dash of adventurous spirit. We aim to uncover whether there exists a substantial relationship between the ebb and flow of Annabelle's popularity and the reported sightings of unidentified flying objects in the charming backdrop of South Carolina. If the data indeed reveals a substantial correlation, we would be remiss if we did not entertain the possibility of a celestial fascination with the name "Annabelle," or at the very least, an extraterrestrial penchant for statistical mischief.
So, buckle up and prepare for a scientific odyssey that treads the thin line between the eccentric and the empirical, where the ordinary and the otherworldly converge in a dance of statistical significance and celestial whimsy. For in the grand cosmic ballet of research, it's not just about the data – it's also about the unexpected stories and puns that emerge along the way. Let's shoot for the stars—metaphorically speaking, of course—and take a lighthearted yet methodical approach to unraveling this intriguing anomaly. After all, the universe has an uncanny sense of humor, and who are we to resist joining in the celestial jest?
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
The investigation into the correlation between the nomenclatural delight of Annabelle and extraterrestrial encounters in South Carolina has spurred a plethora of studies seeking to shed light on this celestial enigma. Smith et al. (2015) conducted a comprehensive analysis of naming trends and observed UFO sightings, drawing attention to the potential harmonization between earthly appellations and visitors from beyond the stars. Similarly, Doe and Jones (2018) expounded upon the intersection of popular first names and cosmic visitations, prompting further contemplation on the cosmic significance of human nomenclature.
In "The Celestial Connection: Names and UFOs" by Bright, the authors delve into the cosmic whimsy of nomenclature and its fortuitous alignment with celestial apparitions, lending credence to the notion that Annabelle's popularity may indeed resonate with beings from distant galaxies. Furthermore, "The UFO Name Game: Alien Encounters and Monikers" by Light offers a thought-provoking exploration of the quirky connection between monikers and interstellar encounters, igniting a sense of curiosity that transcends the boundaries of earthly logic.
However, as we traverse this avenue of inquiry, it becomes increasingly apparent that our journey may encounter unexpected twists and turns, much like the plot of a whimsical fiction novel. In "Cosmic Callings: An Extraterrestrial Affair" by Starlight, the author weaves a tale of cosmic intrigue and earthly nomenclature, blurring the lines between statistical analysis and speculative fiction. Additionally, in "Annabelle and the Alien Alliance" by Cosmos, the narrative unfolds in a delightful fusion of cosmic curiosity and terrestrial nomenclature, beckoning the reader to ponder the whimsical possibility of a celestial affinity for certain names.
On a more cinematic note, the authors find themselves drawn to movies that touch upon themes of celestial wonderment and inexplicable encounters. Films such as "E.T.: The Extra-Terrestrial" and "Close Encounters of the Third Kind" provide a lighthearted yet tangential exploration of otherworldly interactions, serving as a whimsical backdrop to our scholarly pursuits.
In the spirit of this cosmic comedic inquiry, it is crucial to approach our findings with a blend of empirical rigor and a pinch of celestial whimsy. As we continue our foray into the correlation between Annabelle's popularity and UFO sightings in South Carolina, let us not lose sight of the delightful conjunction of statistical significance and celestial jest that underpins this investigation. After all, in the grand cosmic dance of research, it is not just about the data – it's also about the unexpected stories and puns that emerge along the way.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Annabelle and UFO sightings in South Carolina. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.
Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from US Social Security Administration and National UFO Reporting Center . You used data from 1975 to 2021
Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.
Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Unidentified First Name Phenomena: The Anns and Aliens Connection in South Carolina
[[ABSTRACT]]
This research paper delves into the intriguing correlation between the popularity of the first name Annabelle and UFO sightings in the picturesque state of South Carolina. Leveraging exhaustive data from the US Social Security Administration and the National UFO Reporting Center, our crack team of researcher comedic inquirer strived to unravel this celestial enigma. Upon rigorous analysis and statistical wizardry, we have unearthed a startling correlation coefficient of 0.9313793, with p < 0.01, spanning the years from 1975 to 2021. Our findings yield a tantalizing revelation that the surges in Annabelle's popularity seem to align uncannily with increased UFO sightings, leading us to wonder if there may be a cosmic connection beyond mere coincidence. While further investigation is warranted, this study sheds light on a whimsical intersection between celestial visitations and nomenclatural trends, leaving us pondering the possibility of celestial beings taking a keen interest in the moniker Annabelle in the charming state of South Carolina.
[[INTRODUCTION]]
As we enter the realm of uncharted territories, it is essential to approach with a sense of curiosity, an appetite for discovery, and a healthy dose of skepticism. Such is the nature of our expedition into the enigmatic and somewhat whimsical territory of the correlation between the popularity of the first name Annabelle and UFO sightings in the state of South Carolina. This peculiar junction where terrestrial nomenclature intersects with extraterrestrial phenomena has piqued the interest of both statistical aficionados and pun enthusiasts alike. The premise may seem far-fetched at first glance, but as we embark on this scientific journey, remember that in the world of statistics, correlation does not always imply causation – but it sure makes for some intriguing hypotheses!
The allure of UFO sightings has captivated the human imagination for decades, inspiring countless science fiction tales and the eternal question, "Are we alone in the universe?" On the other hand, the choice of a name—whether it be influenced by family tradition, historical significance, or the latest celebrity trends—holds a unique place in the tapestry of human culture. Yet, who would have thought that these seemingly disparate threads could come together to weave a tale of cosmic proportions?
This study sets out to explore this unexpected connection with a blend of scientific rigor and a sprinkle of cosmic curiosity, encapsulating the essence of scholarly pursuit with a dash of adventurous spirit. We aim to uncover whether there exists a substantial relationship between the ebb and flow of Annabelle's popularity and the reported sightings of unidentified flying objects in the charming backdrop of South Carolina. If the data indeed reveals a substantial correlation, we would be remiss if we did not entertain the possibility of a celestial fascination with the name "Annabelle," or at the very least, an extraterrestrial penchant for statistical mischief.
So, buckle up and prepare for a scientific odyssey that treads the thin line between the eccentric and the empirical, where the ordinary and the otherworldly converge in a dance of statistical significance and celestial whimsy. For in the grand cosmic ballet of research, it's not just about the data – it's also about the unexpected stories and puns that emerge along the way. Let's shoot for the stars—metaphorically speaking, of course—and take a lighthearted yet methodical approach to unraveling this intriguing anomaly. After all, the universe has an uncanny sense of humor, and who are we to resist joining in the celestial jest?
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
ChatGPT:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
To untangle the cosmic yarn of the Annabelle-UFO connection, our research team employed an eclectic mix of statistical analysis, data mining, and a healthy dose of whimsy. Our strategy can be likened to navigating a celestial maze while adorned in statistical capes and lighthearted curiosity helmets – a sight to behold, indeed.
First, we scoured the annals of the US Social Security Administration to gather comprehensive data on the prevalence of the first name Annabelle across the years 1975 to 2021. With an eye for meticulous detail and a fondness for puns, we meticulously combed through the vast dataset, seeking trends and fluctuations that could shed light on the ebb and flow of this celestial appellation.
Simultaneously, we dove into the extensive databases of the National UFO Reporting Center, mining reports of otherworldly sightings in the charming expanse of South Carolina, with all the earnestness of astro-statisticians in pursuit of astral anomalies. With each reported sighting, our team's excitement was palpable, akin to discovering a comet in the statistical galaxy.
Once we had amassed our cosmic trove of data, we employed advanced statistical techniques, employing correlation analysis, regression models, and time series analysis to tease out any potential connections – no stone left unturned, nor asteroid unexamined.
Upon reaching the statistical climax of our research journey, we engaged in rigorous hypothesis testing, hoping to confirm the celestial whimsy lurking within the data. We gleefully punched numbers and engaged in statistical banter, eagerly awaiting the moment when the cosmic dance between Annabelles and UFOs would reveal itself, much like the unveiling of a galactic comedy show.
However, lest we forget the critical element of scientific investigation, we diligently accounted for potential confounding variables and performed sensitivity analyses to ensure that our findings weren't merely a product of statistical shenanigans. A scientific pursuit without a touch of skepticism is akin to launching a rocket without checking the fuel – we aimed for accuracy, but not without a pinch of intergalactic humor.
In summary, our methodology can be described as a cosmic dance of data wrangling, statistical inquiry, and a touch of whimsical wonderment. As we unveiled our findings, a kernel of cosmic curiosity remained, leaving room for future investigations and perhaps a sequel to this celestial statistical saga.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Annabelle and UFO sightings in South Carolina. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.
Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from US Social Security Administration and National UFO Reporting Center .
For the time period 1975 to 2021, you found a correlation 0.9313793, r-squared of 0.8674674, and p < 0.01.
One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.
Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Unidentified First Name Phenomena: The Anns and Aliens Connection in South Carolina
[[ABSTRACT]]
This research paper delves into the intriguing correlation between the popularity of the first name Annabelle and UFO sightings in the picturesque state of South Carolina. Leveraging exhaustive data from the US Social Security Administration and the National UFO Reporting Center, our crack team of researcher comedic inquirer strived to unravel this celestial enigma. Upon rigorous analysis and statistical wizardry, we have unearthed a startling correlation coefficient of 0.9313793, with p < 0.01, spanning the years from 1975 to 2021. Our findings yield a tantalizing revelation that the surges in Annabelle's popularity seem to align uncannily with increased UFO sightings, leading us to wonder if there may be a cosmic connection beyond mere coincidence. While further investigation is warranted, this study sheds light on a whimsical intersection between celestial visitations and nomenclatural trends, leaving us pondering the possibility of celestial beings taking a keen interest in the moniker Annabelle in the charming state of South Carolina.
-------
And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
As we enter the realm of uncharted territories, it is essential to approach with a sense of curiosity, an appetite for discovery, and a healthy dose of skepticism. Such is the nature of our expedition into the enigmatic and somewhat whimsical territory of the correlation between the popularity of the first name Annabelle and UFO sightings in the state of South Carolina. This peculiar junction where terrestrial nomenclature intersects with extraterrestrial phenomena has piqued the interest of both statistical aficionados and pun enthusiasts alike. The premise may seem far-fetched at first glance, but as we embark on this scientific journey, remember that in the world of statistics, correlation does not always imply causation – but it sure makes for some intriguing hypotheses!
The allure of UFO sightings has captivated the human imagination for decades, inspiring countless science fiction tales and the eternal question, "Are we alone in the universe?" On the other hand, the choice of a name—whether it be influenced by family tradition, historical significance, or the latest celebrity trends—holds a unique place in the tapestry of human culture. Yet, who would have thought that these seemingly disparate threads could come together to weave a tale of cosmic proportions?
This study sets out to explore this unexpected connection with a blend of scientific rigor and a sprinkle of cosmic curiosity, encapsulating the essence of scholarly pursuit with a dash of adventurous spirit. We aim to uncover whether there exists a substantial relationship between the ebb and flow of Annabelle's popularity and the reported sightings of unidentified flying objects in the charming backdrop of South Carolina. If the data indeed reveals a substantial correlation, we would be remiss if we did not entertain the possibility of a celestial fascination with the name "Annabelle," or at the very least, an extraterrestrial penchant for statistical mischief.
So, buckle up and prepare for a scientific odyssey that treads the thin line between the eccentric and the empirical, where the ordinary and the otherworldly converge in a dance of statistical significance and celestial whimsy. For in the grand cosmic ballet of research, it's not just about the data – it's also about the unexpected stories and puns that emerge along the way. Let's shoot for the stars—metaphorically speaking, of course—and take a lighthearted yet methodical approach to unraveling this intriguing anomaly. After all, the universe has an uncanny sense of humor, and who are we to resist joining in the celestial jest?
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[RESULTS]]
ChatGPT:
[[RESULTS]]
Upon conducting our analysis, we uncovered a strikingly strong correlation between the popularity of the first name Annabelle and UFO sightings in the state of South Carolina. The correlation coefficient of 0.9313793 and an r-squared of 0.8674674 suggest a robust relationship between these seemingly disparate variables. With a p-value of less than 0.01, the likelihood of this correlation occurring by random chance is rarer than spotting a flying saucer whizzing across the night sky.
The visual representation of this celestial correlation is encapsulated in Figure 1, a scatterplot showcasing the undeniable connection between the incidence of UFO sightings and the ebbs and flows of Annabelle's popularity. This unprecedented alignment of two divergent phenomena prompts us to ponder: could there be a cosmic conspiracy behind the surge in Annabelle sightings?
A statistical wizard might say, "With great correlation comes great responsibility for interpretation," but we can't help but wonder if there might be a more whimsical explanation lurking in the cosmic shadows. While we tread the line between statistical significance and celestial fancy, one thing is abundantly clear – the name Annabelle seems to have hitched a ride on a UFO of meteoric popularity in South Carolina.
Stay tuned for the discussion section, where we'll explore the potential implications of these otherworldly findings and perhaps uncover a pun or two along the way!
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Annabelle and UFO sightings in South Carolina. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.
Limit your response to 500 tokens.
Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.
Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.
[[TITLE]]
Unidentified First Name Phenomena: The Anns and Aliens Connection in South Carolina
[[ABSTRACT]]
This research paper delves into the intriguing correlation between the popularity of the first name Annabelle and UFO sightings in the picturesque state of South Carolina. Leveraging exhaustive data from the US Social Security Administration and the National UFO Reporting Center, our crack team of researcher comedic inquirer strived to unravel this celestial enigma. Upon rigorous analysis and statistical wizardry, we have unearthed a startling correlation coefficient of 0.9313793, with p < 0.01, spanning the years from 1975 to 2021. Our findings yield a tantalizing revelation that the surges in Annabelle's popularity seem to align uncannily with increased UFO sightings, leading us to wonder if there may be a cosmic connection beyond mere coincidence. While further investigation is warranted, this study sheds light on a whimsical intersection between celestial visitations and nomenclatural trends, leaving us pondering the possibility of celestial beings taking a keen interest in the moniker Annabelle in the charming state of South Carolina.
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
The investigation into the correlation between the nomenclatural delight of Annabelle and extraterrestrial encounters in South Carolina has spurred a plethora of studies seeking to shed light on this celestial enigma. Smith et al. (2015) conducted a comprehensive analysis of naming trends and observed UFO sightings, drawing attention to the potential harmonization between earthly appellations and visitors from beyond the stars. Similarly, Doe and Jones (2018) expounded upon the intersection of popular first names and cosmic visitations, prompting further contemplation on the cosmic significance of human nomenclature.
In "The Celestial Connection: Names and UFOs" by Bright, the authors delve into the cosmic whimsy of nomenclature and its fortuitous alignment with celestial apparitions, lending credence to the notion that Annabelle's popularity may indeed resonate with beings from distant galaxies. Furthermore, "The UFO Name Game: Alien Encounters and Monikers" by Light offers a thought-provoking exploration of the quirky connection between monikers and interstellar encounters, igniting a sense of curiosity that transcends the boundaries of earthly logic.
However, as we traverse this avenue of inquiry, it becomes increasingly apparent that our journey may encounter unexpected twists and turns, much like the plot of a whimsical fiction novel. In "Cosmic Callings: An Extraterrestrial Affair" by Starlight, the author weaves a tale of cosmic intrigue and earthly nomenclature, blurring the lines between statistical analysis and speculative fiction. Additionally, in "Annabelle and the Alien Alliance" by Cosmos, the narrative unfolds in a delightful fusion of cosmic curiosity and terrestrial nomenclature, beckoning the reader to ponder the whimsical possibility of a celestial affinity for certain names.
On a more cinematic note, the authors find themselves drawn to movies that touch upon themes of celestial wonderment and inexplicable encounters. Films such as "E.T.: The Extra-Terrestrial" and "Close Encounters of the Third Kind" provide a lighthearted yet tangential exploration of otherworldly interactions, serving as a whimsical backdrop to our scholarly pursuits.
In the spirit of this cosmic comedic inquiry, it is crucial to approach our findings with a blend of empirical rigor and a pinch of celestial whimsy. As we continue our foray into the correlation between Annabelle's popularity and UFO sightings in South Carolina, let us not lose sight of the delightful conjunction of statistical significance and celestial jest that underpins this investigation. After all, in the grand cosmic dance of research, it is not just about the data – it's also about the unexpected stories and puns that emerge along the way.
[[RESULTS]]
Upon conducting our analysis, we uncovered a strikingly strong correlation between the popularity of the first name Annabelle and UFO sightings in the state of South Carolina. The correlation coefficient of 0.9313793 and an r-squared of 0.8674674 suggest a robust relationship between these seemingly disparate variables. With a p-value of less than 0.01, the likelihood of this correlation occurring by random chance is rarer than spotting a flying saucer whizzing across the night sky.
The visual representation of this celestial correlation is encapsulated in Figure 1, a scatterplot showcasing the undeniable connection between the incidence of UFO sightings and the ebbs and flows of Annabelle's popularity. This unprecedented alignment of two divergent phenomena prompts us to ponder: could there be a cosmic conspiracy behind the surge in Annabelle sightings?
A statistical wizard might say, "With great correlation comes great responsibility for interpretation," but we can't help but wonder if there might be a more whimsical explanation lurking in the cosmic shadows. While we tread the line between statistical significance and celestial fancy, one thing is abundantly clear – the name Annabelle seems to have hitched a ride on a UFO of meteoric popularity in South Carolina.
Stay tuned for the discussion section, where we'll explore the potential implications of these otherworldly findings and perhaps uncover a pun or two along the way!
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[DISCUSSION]]
ChatGPT:
In the whirlwind of celestial wonderment and empirical rigor, our investigation has unfurled a cosmic tapestry of statistical significance and celestial whimsy, culminating in the discovery of a stupendously strong correlation between the popularity of the first name Annabelle and UFO sightings in South Carolina. Our findings, rife with statistical flair and cosmic intrigue, have not only buttressed prior research but also sprinkled a dash of otherworldly puns and witticisms into the esoteric cauldron of scientific inquiry.
Echoing the works of Smith et al. (2015) and Doe and Jones (2018), our study illuminates the interstellar ballet of nomenclatural delight and celestial encounters, affirming the cosmic resonance of earthly names with extraterrestrial phenomena. The robust correlation coefficient and minuscule p-value unearthed in our analysis harmonize harmoniously with the findings of our esteemed predecessors, providing a whimsical validation of the cosmic calling for Annabelle in the charming state of South Carolina.
As we wade through the celestial mists of our findings, we cannot ignore the unexpected twists and turns that bedeck the avenue of inquiry like celestial confetti. While a statistician might extol the "great responsibility for interpretation" that accompanies such a compelling correlation, we find ourselves contemplating the whimsical notion of Annabelle hitching a ride on a meteoric UFO of popularity. After all, in the grand cosmic cavalcade of research, it's not just about the data – it’s also about the cosmic calling and pun-potential that rear their whimsical heads along the way.
In contemplating the implications of our otherworldly findings, one cannot help but entertain the delightful prospect of a cosmic conspiracy underlying the surge in Annabelle sightings. While our analysis upholds the empirical rigor of statistical significance, we are also nudged by a celestial jest that tickles our scholarly sensibilities. So, as we cross the threshold into the whimsical world of interstellar puns and unexpected cosmic encounters, the tantalizing enigma of Annabelle and UFO sightings in South Carolina beckons us to ponder the celestial jest that underpins this investigation.
As we prepare to close the cosmic curtains on this discussion – at least for now – we look forward to unraveling the threads of celestial whimsy that interlace our scholarly pursuits. Stay tuned for the conclusion, where the cosmic spectacle reaches its crescendo, and the whimsical intersection of nomenclatural delight and celestial encounters leaves us reaching for the stars in search of the grand cosmic joke that may well be hiding in plain sight.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Annabelle and UFO sightings in South Carolina. Make lots of jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.
Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.
Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
Unidentified First Name Phenomena: The Anns and Aliens Connection in South Carolina
[[ABSTRACT]]
This research paper delves into the intriguing correlation between the popularity of the first name Annabelle and UFO sightings in the picturesque state of South Carolina. Leveraging exhaustive data from the US Social Security Administration and the National UFO Reporting Center, our crack team of researcher comedic inquirer strived to unravel this celestial enigma. Upon rigorous analysis and statistical wizardry, we have unearthed a startling correlation coefficient of 0.9313793, with p < 0.01, spanning the years from 1975 to 2021. Our findings yield a tantalizing revelation that the surges in Annabelle's popularity seem to align uncannily with increased UFO sightings, leading us to wonder if there may be a cosmic connection beyond mere coincidence. While further investigation is warranted, this study sheds light on a whimsical intersection between celestial visitations and nomenclatural trends, leaving us pondering the possibility of celestial beings taking a keen interest in the moniker Annabelle in the charming state of South Carolina.
[[INTRDUCTION]]
As we enter the realm of uncharted territories, it is essential to approach with a sense of curiosity, an appetite for discovery, and a healthy dose of skepticism. Such is the nature of our expedition into the enigmatic and somewhat whimsical territory of the correlation between the popularity of the first name Annabelle and UFO sightings in the state of South Carolina. This peculiar junction where terrestrial nomenclature intersects with extraterrestrial phenomena has piqued the interest of both statistical aficionados and pun enthusiasts alike. The premise may seem far-fetched at first glance, but as we embark on this scientific journey, remember that in the world of statistics, correlation does not always imply causation – but it sure makes for some intriguing hypotheses!
The allure of UFO sightings has captivated the human imagination for decades, inspiring countless science fiction tales and the eternal question, "Are we alone in the universe?" On the other hand, the choice of a name—whether it be influenced by family tradition, historical significance, or the latest celebrity trends—holds a unique place in the tapestry of human culture. Yet, who would have thought that these seemingly disparate threads could come together to weave a tale of cosmic proportions?
This study sets out to explore this unexpected connection with a blend of scientific rigor and a sprinkle of cosmic curiosity, encapsulating the essence of scholarly pursuit with a dash of adventurous spirit. We aim to uncover whether there exists a substantial relationship between the ebb and flow of Annabelle's popularity and the reported sightings of unidentified flying objects in the charming backdrop of South Carolina. If the data indeed reveals a substantial correlation, we would be remiss if we did not entertain the possibility of a celestial fascination with the name "Annabelle," or at the very least, an extraterrestrial penchant for statistical mischief.
So, buckle up and prepare for a scientific odyssey that treads the thin line between the eccentric and the empirical, where the ordinary and the otherworldly converge in a dance of statistical significance and celestial whimsy. For in the grand cosmic ballet of research, it's not just about the data – it's also about the unexpected stories and puns that emerge along the way. Let's shoot for the stars—metaphorically speaking, of course—and take a lighthearted yet methodical approach to unraveling this intriguing anomaly. After all, the universe has an uncanny sense of humor, and who are we to resist joining in the celestial jest?
[[RESULTS]]
Upon conducting our analysis, we uncovered a strikingly strong correlation between the popularity of the first name Annabelle and UFO sightings in the state of South Carolina. The correlation coefficient of 0.9313793 and an r-squared of 0.8674674 suggest a robust relationship between these seemingly disparate variables. With a p-value of less than 0.01, the likelihood of this correlation occurring by random chance is rarer than spotting a flying saucer whizzing across the night sky.
The visual representation of this celestial correlation is encapsulated in Figure 1, a scatterplot showcasing the undeniable connection between the incidence of UFO sightings and the ebbs and flows of Annabelle's popularity. This unprecedented alignment of two divergent phenomena prompts us to ponder: could there be a cosmic conspiracy behind the surge in Annabelle sightings?
A statistical wizard might say, "With great correlation comes great responsibility for interpretation," but we can't help but wonder if there might be a more whimsical explanation lurking in the cosmic shadows. While we tread the line between statistical significance and celestial fancy, one thing is abundantly clear – the name Annabelle seems to have hitched a ride on a UFO of meteoric popularity in South Carolina.
Stay tuned for the discussion section, where we'll explore the potential implications of these otherworldly findings and perhaps uncover a pun or two along the way!
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[CONCLUSION]]
ChatGPT:
[[CONCLUSION]]
In conclusion, our research has launched us into a world where statistical wizardry collides with cosmic coincidences, leaving us pondering the celestial allure of the name Annabelle and its undeniable link to UFO sightings in South Carolina. The correlation we've uncovered is more jaw-dropping than a UFO sighting at a backyard barbecue. Our statistical journey has shown a connection as clear as a UFO zipping through the night sky – and with a p-value lower than most UFOs on a cloudless night, it's safe to say this correlation is as cosmic as it gets.
As we wrap up our exploration of this celestial conundrum, we are left with more questions than answers. Could it be that extraterrestrial beings have a penchant for names that roll off the tongue as smoothly as a UFO gliding through the stratosphere? Or is there a cosmic conspiracy afoot, with intergalactic beings orchestrating the popularity of Annabelle like a celestial puppet master? While we cannot definitively state causation, one thing is for certain – the connection between Annabelle and UFO sightings is as undeniable as the laws of physics themselves.
As we bid adieu to this cosmic caper, it's clear that our findings have added a sprinkle of stardust to the field of statistical research. With a correlation coefficient higher than the altitude of most UFOs, we can confidently say that there's more to the name Annabelle than meets the eye – or should we say, meets the telescope? Our study, filled with statistical whimsy and a cosmic curiosity, has illuminated a peculiar intersection between earthly nomenclature and extraterrestrial escapades.
In the grand cosmic dance of research, we've uncovered a correlation as dazzling as a shooting star and as perplexing as a UFO sighting. The universe, it seems, is not only filled with celestial wonders but also statistical surprises – and we've only scratched the surface. In the spirit of interstellar jest, we declare that further research into the connection between Annabelle and UFO sightings is as unnecessary as a rocket ship in rush hour traffic. It's clear that this enigmatic correlation is more fun than a barrel of alien monkeys and is best left to shine as a beacon of statistical humor and cosmic curiosity.
So, as we bid farewell to this celestial conundrum, we leave you with one last pun-laden plea: "May your research be as illuminating as a UFO's beam, and may your statistical findings be as robust as a rocket ship. And remember, in the cosmic symphony of research, it's not just about the data – it's also about the unexpected puns that emerge along the way."
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Unidentified First Name Phenomena: The Anns and Aliens Connection in South Carolina. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.
ChatGPT:
The Journal of Extraterrestrial Anthropology and Anomalous Phenomena
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Unidentified First Name Phenomena: The Anns and Aliens Connection in South Carolina. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.
ChatGPT:
The Society for Paranormal Research and Investigation
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Unidentified First Name Phenomena: The Anns and Aliens Connection in South Carolina with an abstract of This research paper delves into the intriguing correlation between the popularity of the first name Annabelle and UFO sightings in the picturesque state of South Carolina. Leveraging exhaustive data from the US Social Security Administration and the National UFO Reporting Center, our crack team of researcher comedic inquirer strived to unravel this celestial enigma. Upon rigorous analysis and statistical wizardry, we have unearthed a startling correlation coefficient of 0.9313793, with p < 0.01, spanning the years from 1975 to 2021. Our findings yield a tantalizing revelation that the surges in Annabelle's popularity seem to align uncannily with increased UFO sightings, leading us to wonder if there may be a cosmic connection beyond mere coincidence. While further investigation is warranted, this study sheds light on a whimsical intersection between celestial visitations and nomenclatural trends, leaving us pondering the possibility of celestial beings taking a keen interest in the moniker Annabelle in the charming state of South Carolina.
ChatGPT:
"Annabelle popularity, UFO sightings, South Carolina", "celestial correlation first name Annabelle, UFO sightings South Carolina", "Annabelle name trend, UFO sightings correlation South Carolina", "South Carolina UFO sightings, Annabelle name popularity correlation", "celestial beings, Annabelle name trend, South Carolina UFO sightings"
*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.
Discover a new correlation
View all correlations
View all research papers
Report an error
Data details
Popularity of the first name AnnabelleDetailed data title: Babies of all sexes born in the US named Annabelle
Source: US Social Security Administration
See what else correlates with Popularity of the first name Annabelle
UFO sightings in South Carolina
Detailed data title: UFO sightings reported in South Carolina
Source: National UFO Reporting Center
See what else correlates with UFO sightings in South Carolina
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.
r2 = 0.8674674 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 86.7% of the change in the one variable (i.e., UFO sightings in South Carolina) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Popularity of the first name Annabelle) over the 47 years from 1975 through 2021.
p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 2.3E-21. 0.0000000000000000000022628322
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.
But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.
Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.93 in 2.3E-19% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 441,924,063,127,615,045,632 random variables You don't actually need 441 quintillion variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.
p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.
In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.
Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 46 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 46 because we have two variables measured over a period of 47 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.
[ 0.88, 0.96 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.
This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!
All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.
Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
1975 | 1976 | 1977 | 1978 | 1979 | 1980 | 1981 | 1982 | 1983 | 1984 | 1985 | 1986 | 1987 | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | |
Popularity of the first name Annabelle (Babies born) | 46 | 74 | 55 | 37 | 50 | 56 | 55 | 51 | 50 | 63 | 53 | 52 | 50 | 61 | 89 | 73 | 79 | 106 | 103 | 130 | 194 | 211 | 241 | 359 | 521 | 597 | 862 | 917 | 1063 | 1067 | 1405 | 1667 | 1729 | 1811 | 2062 | 2640 | 2729 | 3063 | 3558 | 4360 | 3279 | 2998 | 2621 | 1983 | 1695 | 1316 | 1143 |
UFO sightings in South Carolina (UFO sightings) | 8 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 7 | 3 | 11 | 25 | 12 | 15 | 19 | 26 | 58 | 46 | 49 | 36 | 75 | 41 | 63 | 67 | 113 | 176 | 151 | 254 | 107 | 91 | 110 | 74 | 100 | 97 | 28 |
Why this works
- Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
- Lack of causal connection: There is probably
Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied. - Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple
Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is. - Outlandish outliers: There are "outliers" in this data.
In concept, "outlier" just means "way different than the rest of your dataset." When calculating a correlation like this, they are particularly impactful because a single outlier can substantially increase your correlation.
For the purposes of this project, I counted a point as an outlier if it the residual was two standard deviations from the mean.
(This bullet point only shows up in the details page on charts that do, in fact, have outliers.)
They stand out on the scatterplot above: notice the dots that are far away from any other dots. I intentionally mishandeled outliers, which makes the correlation look extra strong.
Try it yourself
You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.
Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"
Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.
Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.
Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.
Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"
If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:
"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."
# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats
# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):
# Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)
# Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
r_squared = correlation**2
return correlation, r_squared, p_value
# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([46,74,55,37,50,56,55,51,50,63,53,52,50,61,89,73,79,106,103,130,194,211,241,359,521,597,862,917,1063,1067,1405,1667,1729,1811,2062,2640,2729,3063,3558,4360,3279,2998,2621,1983,1695,1316,1143,])
array_2 = np.array([8,1,0,4,4,1,3,1,3,2,3,4,0,4,3,3,6,3,4,2,7,3,11,25,12,15,19,26,58,46,49,36,75,41,63,67,113,176,151,254,107,91,110,74,100,97,28,])
array_1_name = "Popularity of the first name Annabelle"
array_2_name = "UFO sightings in South Carolina"
# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)
# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)
Reuseable content
You may re-use the images on this page for any purpose, even commercial purposes, without asking for permission. The only requirement is that you attribute Tyler Vigen. Attribution can take many different forms. If you leave the "tylervigen.com" link in the image, that satisfies it just fine. If you remove it and move it to a footnote, that's fine too. You can also just write "Charts courtesy of Tyler Vigen" at the bottom of an article.You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.
For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."
When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.
Full license details.
For more on re-use permissions, or to get a signed release form, see tylervigen.com/permission.
Download images for these variables:
- High resolution line chart
The image linked here is a Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG). It is the highest resolution that is possible to achieve. It scales up beyond the size of the observable universe without pixelating. You do not need to email me asking if I have a higher resolution image. I do not. The physical limitations of our universe prevent me from providing you with an image that is any higher resolution than this one.
If you insert it into a PowerPoint presentation (a tool well-known for managing things that are the scale of the universe), you can right-click > "Ungroup" or "Create Shape" and then edit the lines and text directly. You can also change the colors this way.
Alternatively you can use a tool like Inkscape. - High resolution line chart, optimized for mobile
- Alternative high resolution line chart
- Scatterplot
- Portable line chart (png)
- Portable line chart (png), optimized for mobile
- Line chart for only Popularity of the first name Annabelle
- Line chart for only UFO sightings in South Carolina
- AI-generated correlation image
- The spurious research paper: Unidentified First Name Phenomena: The Anns and Aliens Connection in South Carolina
You're the correlation whisperer we needed!
Correlation ID: 2085 · Black Variable ID: 3599 · Red Variable ID: 1168