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Spurious correlation #2,814 · View random

A linear line chart with years as the X-axis and two variables on the Y-axis. The first variable is Popularity of the first name Stevie and the second variable is Analog Devices' stock price (ADI).  The chart goes from 2002 to 2022, and the two variables track closely in value over that time. Small Image
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AI explanation

As the name Stevie gained popularity, more and more parents were subconsciously drawn to musicians like Stevie Wonder, leading to a surge in demand for musical instruments. This unexpected boom in the music industry caused a ripple effect, increasing the need for Analog Devices' electronic components in state-of-the-art audio equipment. It's a harmonious chain reaction that even Stevie Wonder himself couldn't have foreseen!

Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Generate an image of a cozy living room filled with adorable cartoon characters, all gathered around a sleek music system. The characters are joyfully singing along to Stevie Wonder's classic hits, holding up musical instruments like guitars and tambourines. In the background, a chart on the wall displays Analog Devices' stock price soaring, with a rocket ship symbolizing the growing demand for their high-quality audio products. The characters are illuminated by a warm, inviting glow, creating a charming and heartwarming scene. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: Popularity of the first name Stevie and Analog Devices' stock price (ADI). Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: a funny image you would see on reddit Voxel art Cute cartoon Parallax art Art nouveau
ChatGPT: Cute cartoon

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both Popularity of the first name Stevie and Analog Devices' stock price (ADI), in the following situation: Because the increasing popularity of the first name Stevie has led to a surge in demand for Stevie Wonder albums. As more people groove to "Superstition" and "Higher Ground," they need top-notch audio products to truly appreciate Stevie's soulful vibes. Analog Devices is cashing in on this trend, as investors bet on the company's audio technology stocks to hit a higher note in the market.. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: A group of people are gathered around a cozy living room, listening to Stevie Wonder's classic hits on a sleek music system. The sound is crystal clear, thanks to Analog Devices' cutting-edge audio technology. Meanwhile, on the wall, a chart displays Analog Devices' stock price soaring, reflecting the growing demand for their high-quality audio products due to the popularity of the name Stevie.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ Cute cartoon ] and depicting this scene: A group of people are gathered around a cozy living room, listening to Stevie Wonder's classic hits on a sleek music system. The sound is crystal clear, thanks to Analog Devices' cutting-edge audio technology. Meanwhile, on the wall, a chart displays Analog Devices' stock price soaring, reflecting the growing demand for their high-quality audio products due to the popularity of the name Stevie. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Generate an image of a cozy living room filled with adorable cartoon characters, all gathered around a sleek music system. The characters are joyfully singing along to Stevie Wonder's classic hits, holding up musical instruments like guitars and tambourines. In the background, a chart on the wall displays Analog Devices' stock price soaring, with a rocket ship symbolizing the growing demand for their high-quality audio products. The characters are illuminated by a warm, inviting glow, creating a charming and heartwarming scene.

*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.

I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.

Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 (fine-tuned)
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in Popularity of the first name Stevie caused Analog Devices' stock price (ADI) to increase.

AI academic paper

(Because p < 0.01)
The Stevie Effect: An Empirical Examination of the Relationship Between the Popularity of the Name 'Stevie' and Analog Devices' Stock Price

The Journal of Quirky Quantitative Analysis

Jan 2024

Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real!
Quick note: This sequence is long and repetitive. That's how the prompt engineering works for this one. I manage the output in Python to format it into this PDF.




Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Stevie and Analog Devices' stock price (ADI). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Make the title seem clever.

Your research team used data from US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.9769037 and p < 0.01 for 2002 to 2022.

Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)

[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit

[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit



ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
"The Stevie Effect: An Empirical Examination of the Relationship Between the Popularity of the Name 'Stevie' and Analog Devices' Stock Price"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In the world of finance and naming trends, our study delves into the peculiar yet intriguing association between the popularity of the first name "Stevie" and the stock price of Analog Devices (ADI). As our research team delved into this curious correlation, we couldn't help but think... could there possibly be a connection between the name "Stevie" and the electronics industry? After all, it's a powerfully positive name – just like a high stock price. But, as any economist knows, correlation does not imply causation... or does it?

Employing data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics, our analysis covering the period from 2002 to 2022 revealed a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9769037 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. It seems that "Stevie" isn't just a musical legend; it's a stock market legend too!

Upon making this discovery, our team had to crack a dad joke or two - because, after all, what kind of research would it be without a pun? We couldn't resist saying that this correlation wasn't just "superstevie," it was "super-strong." But of course, we're serious researchers – seriously funny, that is.

In conclusion, our findings imply an uncanny relationship between the popularity of the name "Stevie" and ADI's stock price, suggesting that there may indeed be a "Stevie Effect" at play in the world of finance. We leave it to future researchers to unravel the mystery behind this unconventional correlation.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Stevie and Analog Devices' stock price (ADI). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"The Stevie Effect: An Empirical Examination of the Relationship Between the Popularity of the Name 'Stevie' and Analog Devices' Stock Price"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In the world of finance and naming trends, our study delves into the peculiar yet intriguing association between the popularity of the first name "Stevie" and the stock price of Analog Devices (ADI). As our research team delved into this curious correlation, we couldn't help but think... could there possibly be a connection between the name "Stevie" and the electronics industry? After all, it's a powerfully positive name – just like a high stock price. But, as any economist knows, correlation does not imply causation... or does it?

Employing data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics, our analysis covering the period from 2002 to 2022 revealed a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9769037 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. It seems that "Stevie" isn't just a musical legend; it's a stock market legend too!

Upon making this discovery, our team had to crack a dad joke or two - because, after all, what kind of research would it be without a pun? We couldn't resist saying that this correlation wasn't just "superstevie," it was "super-strong." But of course, we're serious researchers – seriously funny, that is.

In conclusion, our findings imply an uncanny relationship between the popularity of the name "Stevie" and ADI's stock price, suggesting that there may indeed be a "Stevie Effect" at play in the world of finance. We leave it to future researchers to unravel the mystery behind this unconventional correlation.

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[INTRODUCTION]]



ChatGPT:
[[INTRODUCTION]]

The world of finance is a realm where numbers reign supreme, and every fluctuation in stock prices is meticulously scrutinized. It's a place where the phrase "buy low, sell high" is more than just a piece of advice – it's a way of life. But amidst the sea of data and market trends, there are peculiar anomalies that pique the curiosity of researchers and investors alike. Enter the enigmatic relationship between the popularity of the first name "Stevie" and the stock price of Analog Devices (ADI). It's a connection that may seem far-fetched, but as we delved into the data, we couldn't help but wonder: could there be a "Stevie Effect" influencing the financial world?

As we embarked on this research journey, we were reminded of a classic dad joke: "Why did the power outlet break up with the electrical wire? It just couldn't conduct a 'steady' relationship!" Similarly, we sought to uncover whether there's a "steady" relationship between the name "Stevie" and the stock price of ADI. We were prepared to dive into the world of statistics, trends, and maybe even a few more puns along the way.

Our investigation spanned from 2002 to 2022, utilizing data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics. What we uncovered was nothing short of astonishing – a correlation coefficient of 0.9769037 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. It seems that "Stevie" isn't just a musical legend; it's a stock market legend too! We couldn't help but quip that this correlation wasn't just "superstevie," it was "super-strong." Oh, the things we do for the love of statistical anomalies.

The "Stevie Effect" that emerged from our analysis leaves us with more questions than answers. Is there a deeper connection between the vibrancy of the name "Stevie" and the performance of ADI's stock? Or is it just a delightful coincidence in the financial cosmos? We invite future researchers to join us on this whimsical quest to unravel the mystery of the "Stevie Effect" and perhaps share a few puns along the way. After all, what's research without a little humor to spark the imagination?


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Stevie and Analog Devices' stock price (ADI). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.

Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.

Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then name some cartoons and childrens' shows that you watched that are related to the topic.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"The Stevie Effect: An Empirical Examination of the Relationship Between the Popularity of the Name 'Stevie' and Analog Devices' Stock Price"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In the world of finance and naming trends, our study delves into the peculiar yet intriguing association between the popularity of the first name "Stevie" and the stock price of Analog Devices (ADI). As our research team delved into this curious correlation, we couldn't help but think... could there possibly be a connection between the name "Stevie" and the electronics industry? After all, it's a powerfully positive name – just like a high stock price. But, as any economist knows, correlation does not imply causation... or does it?

Employing data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics, our analysis covering the period from 2002 to 2022 revealed a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9769037 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. It seems that "Stevie" isn't just a musical legend; it's a stock market legend too!

Upon making this discovery, our team had to crack a dad joke or two - because, after all, what kind of research would it be without a pun? We couldn't resist saying that this correlation wasn't just "superstevie," it was "super-strong." But of course, we're serious researchers – seriously funny, that is.

In conclusion, our findings imply an uncanny relationship between the popularity of the name "Stevie" and ADI's stock price, suggesting that there may indeed be a "Stevie Effect" at play in the world of finance. We leave it to future researchers to unravel the mystery behind this unconventional correlation.

-------

And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
The world of finance is a realm where numbers reign supreme, and every fluctuation in stock prices is meticulously scrutinized. It's a place where the phrase "buy low, sell high" is more than just a piece of advice – it's a way of life. But amidst the sea of data and market trends, there are peculiar anomalies that pique the curiosity of researchers and investors alike. Enter the enigmatic relationship between the popularity of the first name "Stevie" and the stock price of Analog Devices (ADI). It's a connection that may seem far-fetched, but as we delved into the data, we couldn't help but wonder: could there be a "Stevie Effect" influencing the financial world?
As we embarked on this research journey, we were reminded of a classic dad joke: "Why did the power outlet break up with the electrical wire? It just couldn't conduct a 'steady' relationship!" Similarly, we sought to uncover whether there's a "steady" relationship between the name "Stevie" and the stock price of ADI. We were prepared to dive into the world of statistics, trends, and maybe even a few more puns along the way.
Our investigation spanned from 2002 to 2022, utilizing data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics. What we uncovered was nothing short of astonishing – a correlation coefficient of 0.9769037 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. It seems that "Stevie" isn't just a musical legend; it's a stock market legend too! We couldn't help but quip that this correlation wasn't just "superstevie," it was "super-strong." Oh, the things we do for the love of statistical anomalies.
The "Stevie Effect" that emerged from our analysis leaves us with more questions than answers. Is there a deeper connection between the vibrancy of the name "Stevie" and the performance of ADI's stock? Or is it just a delightful coincidence in the financial cosmos? We invite future researchers to join us on this whimsical quest to unravel the mystery of the "Stevie Effect" and perhaps share a few puns along the way. After all, what's research without a little humor to spark the imagination?

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]



ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]

The relationship between first name popularity and stock price movements has long fascinated researchers and investors alike. Smith and Doe (2010) conducted a seminal study on the influence of first names on financial markets, examining the correlations between baby names and stock price fluctuations. They found compelling evidence suggesting that certain names exhibited a curious alignment with the ebb and flow of stock values. Could it be that the name "Stevie" is one such moniker with a hidden financial influence?

Jones (2015) delved deeper into the psychological underpinnings of name popularity and its impact on consumer behavior. Drawing from the field of behavioral economics, Jones posited that individuals with certain names may be predisposed to making particular investment decisions, thereby exerting a subtle yet discernible effect on stock prices. Might the name "Stevie" hold sway over the choices of potential investors in Analog Devices (ADI) stock, contributing to its price movements?

Stepping away from the empirical studies, let's turn to some popular non-fiction works that touch on name trends and economic phenomena. In "Freakonomics" by Levitt and Dubner (2005), the authors explore unorthodox connections in the world of economics, including the unexpected impact of names on various aspects of life. If only they had delved into the "Stevie Effect" – perhaps they would've uncovered a whole new dimension to the influence of names on financial markets.

Moving into the realm of fiction, works such as "The Name of the Wind" by Patrick Rothfuss (2007) and "Moneyball" by Michael Lewis (2003) exemplify the intersection of names and financial forces. Although these literary works may not directly address the "Stevie Effect," they provide compelling narratives that hint at the intriguing interplay between names, luck, and monetary success.

As we navigate through the diverse landscapes of literature and finance, we encounter the whimsical charm of children's cartoons and shows. "SpongeBob SquarePants" and "Dora the Explorer" may not seem immediately relevant, but their themes of curiosity, unexpected discoveries, and unlikely connections mirror the spirit of our exploration into the "Stevie Effect." Just as Bob and Dora embark on adventurous quests, our research team ventured into the uncharted territory of name-popularity-stock-price correlations, armed with data and a penchant for puns.

In the great quest for knowledge, who's to say that a little levity and humor shouldn't accompany us along the way? After all, what's a research paper without the occasional dad joke to lighten the scholarly atmosphere? And so, in the spirit of whimsy and academic rigor, we forge ahead, ready to uncover the mysteries – and merriment – of the "Stevie Effect."


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Stevie and Analog Devices' stock price (ADI). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) . You used data from 2002 to 2022

Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.

Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"The Stevie Effect: An Empirical Examination of the Relationship Between the Popularity of the Name 'Stevie' and Analog Devices' Stock Price"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In the world of finance and naming trends, our study delves into the peculiar yet intriguing association between the popularity of the first name "Stevie" and the stock price of Analog Devices (ADI). As our research team delved into this curious correlation, we couldn't help but think... could there possibly be a connection between the name "Stevie" and the electronics industry? After all, it's a powerfully positive name – just like a high stock price. But, as any economist knows, correlation does not imply causation... or does it?

Employing data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics, our analysis covering the period from 2002 to 2022 revealed a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9769037 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. It seems that "Stevie" isn't just a musical legend; it's a stock market legend too!

Upon making this discovery, our team had to crack a dad joke or two - because, after all, what kind of research would it be without a pun? We couldn't resist saying that this correlation wasn't just "superstevie," it was "super-strong." But of course, we're serious researchers – seriously funny, that is.

In conclusion, our findings imply an uncanny relationship between the popularity of the name "Stevie" and ADI's stock price, suggesting that there may indeed be a "Stevie Effect" at play in the world of finance. We leave it to future researchers to unravel the mystery behind this unconventional correlation.

[[INTRODUCTION]]
The world of finance is a realm where numbers reign supreme, and every fluctuation in stock prices is meticulously scrutinized. It's a place where the phrase "buy low, sell high" is more than just a piece of advice – it's a way of life. But amidst the sea of data and market trends, there are peculiar anomalies that pique the curiosity of researchers and investors alike. Enter the enigmatic relationship between the popularity of the first name "Stevie" and the stock price of Analog Devices (ADI). It's a connection that may seem far-fetched, but as we delved into the data, we couldn't help but wonder: could there be a "Stevie Effect" influencing the financial world?
As we embarked on this research journey, we were reminded of a classic dad joke: "Why did the power outlet break up with the electrical wire? It just couldn't conduct a 'steady' relationship!" Similarly, we sought to uncover whether there's a "steady" relationship between the name "Stevie" and the stock price of ADI. We were prepared to dive into the world of statistics, trends, and maybe even a few more puns along the way.
Our investigation spanned from 2002 to 2022, utilizing data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics. What we uncovered was nothing short of astonishing – a correlation coefficient of 0.9769037 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. It seems that "Stevie" isn't just a musical legend; it's a stock market legend too! We couldn't help but quip that this correlation wasn't just "superstevie," it was "super-strong." Oh, the things we do for the love of statistical anomalies.
The "Stevie Effect" that emerged from our analysis leaves us with more questions than answers. Is there a deeper connection between the vibrancy of the name "Stevie" and the performance of ADI's stock? Or is it just a delightful coincidence in the financial cosmos? We invite future researchers to join us on this whimsical quest to unravel the mystery of the "Stevie Effect" and perhaps share a few puns along the way. After all, what's research without a little humor to spark the imagination?

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[METHODOLOGY]]



ChatGPT:

[[METHODOLOGY]]

To uncover the "Stevie Effect," we embarked on a journey through the world of statistics, data analysis, and of course, a sprinkle of humor to keep things lively. Our methodology was a mix of traditional statistical techniques and a touch of whimsy – after all, studying the relationship between a name and stock prices calls for a bit of creativity.

First, we obtained data on the popularity of the first name "Stevie" from the US Social Security Administration – and let me tell you, it was quite a treasure hunt. We combed through years of birth records to track the ebbs and flows of "Stevie" as a given name, discovering trends that were as unpredictable as the stock market itself. It was like searching for a needle in a haystack, or should I say, a "Stevie" in a sea of names.

Next, we delved into the realm of finance, where we acquired historical stock price data for Analog Devices (ADI) from LSEG Analytics. We meticulously tracked ADI's stock performance over the same time period as our name data, scrutinizing every peak and valley with a fervor usually reserved for deciphering ancient scrolls. It was a fusion of number crunching and name tracking, a pairing that made us ponder whether there was a "Stevie" out there affecting stock prices.

Now, here comes the twist – to tease out the potential connection between the name "Stevie" and ADI's stock price, we concocted a highly unconventional method we affectionately refer to as the "Stevie Stock Shuffle." Picture this: we printed out all the "Stevie" birth records and scattered them around the office, then proceeded to perform a quirky little dance routine to the tune of "Superstition" by Stevie Wonder. As the name records fluttered in the air, we monitored ADI's stock ticker, eagerly awaiting any unusual fluctuations. Alas, our dance moves may have lacked the statistical precision we hoped for, but it certainly brought some laughs to the research team. Oh, the sacrifices we make in the name of scientific discovery!

Finally, we subjected our data to rigorous statistical analyses, including correlation tests, regression models, and time series analyses. We navigated through the labyrinth of statistical software, embracing the occasional error message as a friendly reminder that even numbers have a sense of humor. And after countless hours of crunching numbers and brainstorming puns, we emerged with a correlation coefficient that left us wide-eyed and perhaps a bit starry-eyed – a "Stevie Effect" that seemed to defy the bounds of conventional financial wisdom.

In the end, our methodology blended the serious business of data analysis with a dash of lightheartedness, because when you're exploring the mystique of a name influencing stock prices, a bit of whimsy is just what the doctor ordered. After all, who said conducting research can't be a "Stevie" pleasure?


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Stevie and Analog Devices' stock price (ADI). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv) .

For the time period 2002 to 2022, you found a correlation 0.9769037, r-squared of 0.9543408, and p < 0.01.

One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.

Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
"The Stevie Effect: An Empirical Examination of the Relationship Between the Popularity of the Name 'Stevie' and Analog Devices' Stock Price"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In the world of finance and naming trends, our study delves into the peculiar yet intriguing association between the popularity of the first name "Stevie" and the stock price of Analog Devices (ADI). As our research team delved into this curious correlation, we couldn't help but think... could there possibly be a connection between the name "Stevie" and the electronics industry? After all, it's a powerfully positive name – just like a high stock price. But, as any economist knows, correlation does not imply causation... or does it?

Employing data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics, our analysis covering the period from 2002 to 2022 revealed a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9769037 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. It seems that "Stevie" isn't just a musical legend; it's a stock market legend too!

Upon making this discovery, our team had to crack a dad joke or two - because, after all, what kind of research would it be without a pun? We couldn't resist saying that this correlation wasn't just "superstevie," it was "super-strong." But of course, we're serious researchers – seriously funny, that is.

In conclusion, our findings imply an uncanny relationship between the popularity of the name "Stevie" and ADI's stock price, suggesting that there may indeed be a "Stevie Effect" at play in the world of finance. We leave it to future researchers to unravel the mystery behind this unconventional correlation.

-------

And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
The world of finance is a realm where numbers reign supreme, and every fluctuation in stock prices is meticulously scrutinized. It's a place where the phrase "buy low, sell high" is more than just a piece of advice – it's a way of life. But amidst the sea of data and market trends, there are peculiar anomalies that pique the curiosity of researchers and investors alike. Enter the enigmatic relationship between the popularity of the first name "Stevie" and the stock price of Analog Devices (ADI). It's a connection that may seem far-fetched, but as we delved into the data, we couldn't help but wonder: could there be a "Stevie Effect" influencing the financial world?
As we embarked on this research journey, we were reminded of a classic dad joke: "Why did the power outlet break up with the electrical wire? It just couldn't conduct a 'steady' relationship!" Similarly, we sought to uncover whether there's a "steady" relationship between the name "Stevie" and the stock price of ADI. We were prepared to dive into the world of statistics, trends, and maybe even a few more puns along the way.
Our investigation spanned from 2002 to 2022, utilizing data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics. What we uncovered was nothing short of astonishing – a correlation coefficient of 0.9769037 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. It seems that "Stevie" isn't just a musical legend; it's a stock market legend too! We couldn't help but quip that this correlation wasn't just "superstevie," it was "super-strong." Oh, the things we do for the love of statistical anomalies.
The "Stevie Effect" that emerged from our analysis leaves us with more questions than answers. Is there a deeper connection between the vibrancy of the name "Stevie" and the performance of ADI's stock? Or is it just a delightful coincidence in the financial cosmos? We invite future researchers to join us on this whimsical quest to unravel the mystery of the "Stevie Effect" and perhaps share a few puns along the way. After all, what's research without a little humor to spark the imagination?

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[RESULTS]]



ChatGPT:

[[RESULTS]]

Our analysis revealed a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9769037, indicating a strong positive linear relationship between the popularity of the first name "Stevie" and Analog Devices' (ADI) stock price from 2002 to 2022. The coefficient of determination (r-squared) of 0.9543408 further underscores the robustness of this association. The p-value of less than 0.01 provides strong evidence against the null hypothesis of no correlation, supporting the alternative hypothesis that there is indeed a significant relationship between the two variables.

The figure below (Fig. 1) visually depicts the compelling correlation between the popularity of the name "Stevie" and the stock price of Analog Devices (ADI).

Now, for a dad joke to lighten up the statistical analysis: Why do economists prefer their investments to be in alphabetical order? Because they can make sure their ADI comes before XYZ!

In conclusion, our findings suggest a fascinating and possibly inexplicable connection between the prevalence of the name "Stevie" and the stock performance of Analog Devices. This "Stevie Effect" deserves further exploration to unravel the underlying mechanisms and potential implications for financial markets. For now, we leave you with this final pun: "Looks like 'Stevie' might just be the key to a 'note'-worthy investment!"


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Stevie and Analog Devices' stock price (ADI). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Limit your response to 500 tokens.

Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.

Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.

[[TITLE]]
"The Stevie Effect: An Empirical Examination of the Relationship Between the Popularity of the Name 'Stevie' and Analog Devices' Stock Price"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In the world of finance and naming trends, our study delves into the peculiar yet intriguing association between the popularity of the first name "Stevie" and the stock price of Analog Devices (ADI). As our research team delved into this curious correlation, we couldn't help but think... could there possibly be a connection between the name "Stevie" and the electronics industry? After all, it's a powerfully positive name – just like a high stock price. But, as any economist knows, correlation does not imply causation... or does it?

Employing data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics, our analysis covering the period from 2002 to 2022 revealed a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9769037 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. It seems that "Stevie" isn't just a musical legend; it's a stock market legend too!

Upon making this discovery, our team had to crack a dad joke or two - because, after all, what kind of research would it be without a pun? We couldn't resist saying that this correlation wasn't just "superstevie," it was "super-strong." But of course, we're serious researchers – seriously funny, that is.

In conclusion, our findings imply an uncanny relationship between the popularity of the name "Stevie" and ADI's stock price, suggesting that there may indeed be a "Stevie Effect" at play in the world of finance. We leave it to future researchers to unravel the mystery behind this unconventional correlation.

[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
The relationship between first name popularity and stock price movements has long fascinated researchers and investors alike. Smith and Doe (2010) conducted a seminal study on the influence of first names on financial markets, examining the correlations between baby names and stock price fluctuations. They found compelling evidence suggesting that certain names exhibited a curious alignment with the ebb and flow of stock values. Could it be that the name "Stevie" is one such moniker with a hidden financial influence?
Jones (2015) delved deeper into the psychological underpinnings of name popularity and its impact on consumer behavior. Drawing from the field of behavioral economics, Jones posited that individuals with certain names may be predisposed to making particular investment decisions, thereby exerting a subtle yet discernible effect on stock prices. Might the name "Stevie" hold sway over the choices of potential investors in Analog Devices (ADI) stock, contributing to its price movements?
Stepping away from the empirical studies, let's turn to some popular non-fiction works that touch on name trends and economic phenomena. In "Freakonomics" by Levitt and Dubner (2005), the authors explore unorthodox connections in the world of economics, including the unexpected impact of names on various aspects of life. If only they had delved into the "Stevie Effect" – perhaps they would've uncovered a whole new dimension to the influence of names on financial markets.
Moving into the realm of fiction, works such as "The Name of the Wind" by Patrick Rothfuss (2007) and "Moneyball" by Michael Lewis (2003) exemplify the intersection of names and financial forces. Although these literary works may not directly address the "Stevie Effect," they provide compelling narratives that hint at the intriguing interplay between names, luck, and monetary success.
As we navigate through the diverse landscapes of literature and finance, we encounter the whimsical charm of children's cartoons and shows. "SpongeBob SquarePants" and "Dora the Explorer" may not seem immediately relevant, but their themes of curiosity, unexpected discoveries, and unlikely connections mirror the spirit of our exploration into the "Stevie Effect." Just as Bob and Dora embark on adventurous quests, our research team ventured into the uncharted territory of name-popularity-stock-price correlations, armed with data and a penchant for puns.
In the great quest for knowledge, who's to say that a little levity and humor shouldn't accompany us along the way? After all, what's a research paper without the occasional dad joke to lighten the scholarly atmosphere? And so, in the spirit of whimsy and academic rigor, we forge ahead, ready to uncover the mysteries – and merriment – of the "Stevie Effect."

[[RESULTS]]
Our analysis revealed a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9769037, indicating a strong positive linear relationship between the popularity of the first name "Stevie" and Analog Devices' (ADI) stock price from 2002 to 2022. The coefficient of determination (r-squared) of 0.9543408 further underscores the robustness of this association. The p-value of less than 0.01 provides strong evidence against the null hypothesis of no correlation, supporting the alternative hypothesis that there is indeed a significant relationship between the two variables.
The figure below (Fig. 1) visually depicts the compelling correlation between the popularity of the name "Stevie" and the stock price of Analog Devices (ADI).
Now, for a dad joke to lighten up the statistical analysis: Why do economists prefer their investments to be in alphabetical order? Because they can make sure their ADI comes before XYZ!
In conclusion, our findings suggest a fascinating and possibly inexplicable connection between the prevalence of the name "Stevie" and the stock performance of Analog Devices. This "Stevie Effect" deserves further exploration to unravel the underlying mechanisms and potential implications for financial markets. For now, we leave you with this final pun: "Looks like 'Stevie' might just be the key to a 'note'-worthy investment!"

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[DISCUSSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[DISCUSSION]]

Our study has yielded intriguing results indicating a strong positive association between the popularity of the first name "Stevie" and Analog Devices' (ADI) stock price from 2002 to 2022. It seems that the "Stevie Effect" isn't just a catchy title; it's a statistically validated phenomenon. This finding echoes the work of Smith and Doe (2010) and Jones (2015), who also uncovered curious connections between first names and stock price movements. It appears that the "Stevie Effect" is part of a larger trend in the naming landscape, where certain monikers seemingly wield a mysterious influence over financial markets.

Now, for a little levity in these serious matters: They say a name can be your destiny. Well, if your name is "Stevie," your destiny might just include a fruitful investment in Analog Devices. If only all financial decisions were this simple, right?

Our results lend support to the notion proposed by Jones (2015) that individuals with certain names may impact investment decisions and subsequent stock prices. The high correlation coefficient and low p-value provide robust evidence for this unlikely relationship. It seems that there's more to a name than meets the eye, especially when it comes to its impact on financial markets.

And now for another dad joke to lighten the empirical talk: How do you organize a space party? You planet! Much like planning a space party, our research has uncovered an unexpected correlation that has left us pleasantly surprised, albeit with a dash of cosmic humor.

The literature review provided an engaging backdrop for our investigation, touching on everything from behavioral economics to popular fiction. As we reflect on these diverse influences, it becomes apparent that the "Stevie Effect" isn't just a statistical anomaly; it's an enigmatic force intertwined with the fabric of culture, psychology, and finance.

In the spirit of combining scholarly rigor with a pinch of fun, we must acknowledge the unexpected joy of uncovering a peculiar connection between a name and a stock price. While we leave the door open for future research to delve deeper into the "Stevie Effect," we can't help but revel in the sheer delight of stumbling upon an unexpected correlation. After all, who knew that the name "Stevie" could hold such sway over financial markets? It's a reminder that even in the world of finance, there's always room for a touch of whimsy.


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a goofy academic researcher writing an academic paper. You follow the rules, but you throw out convention regularly to make jokes and funny asides.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.

Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between Popularity of the first name Stevie and Analog Devices' stock price (ADI). You can't resist a good dad joke. Add a relevant dad joke related to the content every couple of sentences.

Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.

Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
"The Stevie Effect: An Empirical Examination of the Relationship Between the Popularity of the Name 'Stevie' and Analog Devices' Stock Price"

[[ABSTRACT]]
In the world of finance and naming trends, our study delves into the peculiar yet intriguing association between the popularity of the first name "Stevie" and the stock price of Analog Devices (ADI). As our research team delved into this curious correlation, we couldn't help but think... could there possibly be a connection between the name "Stevie" and the electronics industry? After all, it's a powerfully positive name – just like a high stock price. But, as any economist knows, correlation does not imply causation... or does it?

Employing data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics, our analysis covering the period from 2002 to 2022 revealed a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9769037 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. It seems that "Stevie" isn't just a musical legend; it's a stock market legend too!

Upon making this discovery, our team had to crack a dad joke or two - because, after all, what kind of research would it be without a pun? We couldn't resist saying that this correlation wasn't just "superstevie," it was "super-strong." But of course, we're serious researchers – seriously funny, that is.

In conclusion, our findings imply an uncanny relationship between the popularity of the name "Stevie" and ADI's stock price, suggesting that there may indeed be a "Stevie Effect" at play in the world of finance. We leave it to future researchers to unravel the mystery behind this unconventional correlation.

[[INTRDUCTION]]
The world of finance is a realm where numbers reign supreme, and every fluctuation in stock prices is meticulously scrutinized. It's a place where the phrase "buy low, sell high" is more than just a piece of advice – it's a way of life. But amidst the sea of data and market trends, there are peculiar anomalies that pique the curiosity of researchers and investors alike. Enter the enigmatic relationship between the popularity of the first name "Stevie" and the stock price of Analog Devices (ADI). It's a connection that may seem far-fetched, but as we delved into the data, we couldn't help but wonder: could there be a "Stevie Effect" influencing the financial world?
As we embarked on this research journey, we were reminded of a classic dad joke: "Why did the power outlet break up with the electrical wire? It just couldn't conduct a 'steady' relationship!" Similarly, we sought to uncover whether there's a "steady" relationship between the name "Stevie" and the stock price of ADI. We were prepared to dive into the world of statistics, trends, and maybe even a few more puns along the way.
Our investigation spanned from 2002 to 2022, utilizing data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics. What we uncovered was nothing short of astonishing – a correlation coefficient of 0.9769037 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. It seems that "Stevie" isn't just a musical legend; it's a stock market legend too! We couldn't help but quip that this correlation wasn't just "superstevie," it was "super-strong." Oh, the things we do for the love of statistical anomalies.
The "Stevie Effect" that emerged from our analysis leaves us with more questions than answers. Is there a deeper connection between the vibrancy of the name "Stevie" and the performance of ADI's stock? Or is it just a delightful coincidence in the financial cosmos? We invite future researchers to join us on this whimsical quest to unravel the mystery of the "Stevie Effect" and perhaps share a few puns along the way. After all, what's research without a little humor to spark the imagination?

[[RESULTS]]
Our analysis revealed a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9769037, indicating a strong positive linear relationship between the popularity of the first name "Stevie" and Analog Devices' (ADI) stock price from 2002 to 2022. The coefficient of determination (r-squared) of 0.9543408 further underscores the robustness of this association. The p-value of less than 0.01 provides strong evidence against the null hypothesis of no correlation, supporting the alternative hypothesis that there is indeed a significant relationship between the two variables.
The figure below (Fig. 1) visually depicts the compelling correlation between the popularity of the name "Stevie" and the stock price of Analog Devices (ADI).
Now, for a dad joke to lighten up the statistical analysis: Why do economists prefer their investments to be in alphabetical order? Because they can make sure their ADI comes before XYZ!
In conclusion, our findings suggest a fascinating and possibly inexplicable connection between the prevalence of the name "Stevie" and the stock performance of Analog Devices. This "Stevie Effect" deserves further exploration to unravel the underlying mechanisms and potential implications for financial markets. For now, we leave you with this final pun: "Looks like 'Stevie' might just be the key to a 'note'-worthy investment!"

-------

Your response should start like this:

[[CONCLUSION]]



ChatGPT:

[[CONCLUSION]]

Our research has unveiled a captivating correlation between the popularity of the first name "Stevie" and Analog Devices' stock price. The statistical wizardry from 2002 to 2022 revealed a positively striking relationship, leaving us pondering the quirkiness of the financial world. We couldn't help but crack a dad joke to lighten up the gravity of statistical analysis - who said finance couldn't have a sense of humor, right?

This "Stevie Effect" isn't just a musical phenomenon; it seems to have struck a chord in the stock market as well. It's like the name "Stevie" is whispering sweet nothings to ADI's stock price, making it soar. They say numbers never lie, but in this case, it's almost like they're singing a tuneful melody of "Stevie Wonder."

As much as we'd love to keep unraveling this curious correlation, we have to conclude that delving further into the Stevie-ADI connection might just be stretching it... like trying to fit one more dad joke into the discussion section. Sometimes, the best research findings are those that make us raise an eyebrow, scratch our heads, and let out a laugh – and this one hits all the right notes. No more research needed in this area; it's Stevie-nough to make a point!




Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited The Stevie Effect: An Empirical Examination of the Relationship Between the Popularity of the Name 'Stevie' and Analog Devices' Stock Price. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.

ChatGPT:

The Journal of Quirky Quantitative Analysis


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited The Stevie Effect: An Empirical Examination of the Relationship Between the Popularity of the Name 'Stevie' and Analog Devices' Stock Price. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.

ChatGPT:

The Society for Analyzing Peculiar Economic Trends and Names (SAPETN)


Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled The Stevie Effect: An Empirical Examination of the Relationship Between the Popularity of the Name 'Stevie' and Analog Devices' Stock Price with an abstract of In the world of finance and naming trends, our study delves into the peculiar yet intriguing association between the popularity of the first name "Stevie" and the stock price of Analog Devices (ADI). As our research team delved into this curious correlation, we couldn't help but think... could there possibly be a connection between the name "Stevie" and the electronics industry? After all, it's a powerfully positive name – just like a high stock price. But, as any economist knows, correlation does not imply causation... or does it?
Employing data from the US Social Security Administration and LSEG Analytics, our analysis covering the period from 2002 to 2022 revealed a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.9769037 and a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.01. It seems that "Stevie" isn't just a musical legend; it's a stock market legend too!
Upon making this discovery, our team had to crack a dad joke or two - because, after all, what kind of research would it be without a pun? We couldn't resist saying that this correlation wasn't just "superstevie," it was "super-strong." But of course, we're serious researchers – seriously funny, that is.
In conclusion, our findings imply an uncanny relationship between the popularity of the name "Stevie" and ADI's stock price, suggesting that there may indeed be a "Stevie Effect" at play in the world of finance. We leave it to future researchers to unravel the mystery behind this unconventional correlation.

ChatGPT:

Stevie, name popularity, stock price, Analog Devices, ADI, correlation, US Social Security Administration data, LSEG Analytics, economics, finance, naming trends, electronics industry, correlation coefficient, causation, statistical significance, research findings, "Stevie Effect"

*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.



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Data details

Popularity of the first name Stevie
Detailed data title: Babies of all sexes born in the US named Stevie
Source: US Social Security Administration
See what else correlates with Popularity of the first name Stevie

Analog Devices' stock price (ADI)
Detailed data title: Opening price of Analog Devices (ADI) on the first trading day of the year
Source: LSEG Analytics (Refinitiv)
Additional Info: Via Microsoft Excel Stockhistory function

See what else correlates with Analog Devices' stock price (ADI)

Correlation r = 0.9769037 (Pearson correlation coefficient)
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.

r2 = 0.9543408 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 95.4% of the change in the one variable (i.e., Analog Devices' stock price (ADI)) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., Popularity of the first name Stevie) over the 21 years from 2002 through 2022.

p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 3.4E-14. 0.0000000000000340044179076809
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.

But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.

Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.98 in 3.4E-12% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 29,407,943,482,959 random variables You don't actually need 29 trillion variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.

p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.

In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.

Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 20 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 20 because we have two variables measured over a period of 21 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.

[ 0.94, 0.99 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.

This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!


All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.

Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
200220032004200520062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022
Popularity of the first name Stevie (Babies born)21723221521125222921724021022725426031831237944447362980111471217
Analog Devices' stock price (ADI) (Stock price)44.7524.2545.9537.0236.1332.9331.191931.7937.6836.4642.849.5255.6854.2472.689.2484.03120.11148.45175.17




Why this works

  1. Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
  2. Lack of causal connection: There is probably Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
    no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied.
  3. Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
    p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.




Try it yourself

You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.

Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.

Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"

Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.

Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.

Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.

Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"

If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:

"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."


# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):

    # Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
    correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)

    # Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
    r_squared = correlation**2

    return correlation, r_squared, p_value

# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([217,232,215,211,252,229,217,240,210,227,254,260,318,312,379,444,473,629,801,1147,1217,])
array_2 = np.array([44.75,24.25,45.95,37.02,36.13,32.93,31.19,19,31.79,37.68,36.46,42.8,49.52,55.68,54.24,72.6,89.24,84.03,120.11,148.45,175.17,])
array_1_name = "Popularity of the first name Stevie"
array_2_name = "Analog Devices' stock price (ADI)"

# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)

# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)



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For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."

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Correlation ID: 2814 · Black Variable ID: 3190 · Red Variable ID: 1648
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