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AI explanation
People in Illinois were being abducted by UFOs, but instead of probing, the aliens were just handing out NYT Best Sellers. It seems they were really keen on promoting intergalactic book clubs. Must have been a close encounter of the word kind!
Model: dalle-3
Prompt: Generate a comic-book-style illustration with muted colors and a dotted halftone pattern from the 1960s. Depict a scene where a bookstore window is filled with the latest New York Times Fiction Best Sellers. There is a section dedicated to sci-fi novels with stories of alien encounters and UFO sightings, surrounded by a crowd of people holding books and discussing the surge in interest in extraterrestrial fiction. In the night sky above the city, a glowing UFO hovers as a testament to the growing intrigue in the unknown. The depiction should include only scenes, people, and objects, it should not include text or speech bubbles.
This image generation prompt was also generated by AI, using the following sequence:
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You select one of a few potential scene descriptors that seems to go along with the variables described. You respond only with the scene descriptions provided and say nothing else.
User prompt: Here are two variables: UFO sightings in Illinois and New York Times Fiction Best Sellers. Given these, which of the following image style descriptions seems most appropriate? Pick the one that seems to be related to one of the variables at hand. Please respond with only one of the following potential descriptions: A comic-book-style illustration with muted colors and a dotted halftone pattern from the 1960s a funny image you would see on reddit Futuristic Low poly Concept art
ChatGPT: A comic-book-style illustration with muted colors and a dotted halftone pattern from the 1960s
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You describe simple visual scenes that depict the two variables stated. You combine both variables into one scene.
User prompt: Please describe a visual scene that prominently depicts both UFO sightings in Illinois and New York Times Fiction Best Sellers, in the following situation: Because the UFO sightings in Illinois sparked a surge in interest in extraterrestrial fiction, leading to a spike in sales of sci-fi novels and ultimately landing more New York Times Fiction Best Sellers from authors exploring the unknown.. Keep the description simple.
ChatGPT: In a bookstore window display, the latest New York Times Fiction Best Sellers are prominently featured, with a section dedicated to sci-fi novels filled with stories of alien encounters and UFO sightings. A crowd of people are gathered around, each holding a book and discussing the recent surge in interest in extraterrestrial fiction. Meanwhile, in the night sky above, a glowing UFO hovers over the city, its presence a testament to the growing intrigue in the unknown.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You write and improve image generation prompts for DALLE-3. You maintain the same subjects, but enhance the visuals.
User prompt: Please respond with an image generation prompt that would be likely to create an interesting visual using DALLE-3, using the following style: [ A comic-book-style illustration with muted colors and a dotted halftone pattern from the 1960s ] and depicting this scene: In a bookstore window display, the latest New York Times Fiction Best Sellers are prominently featured, with a section dedicated to sci-fi novels filled with stories of alien encounters and UFO sightings. A crowd of people are gathered around, each holding a book and discussing the recent surge in interest in extraterrestrial fiction. Meanwhile, in the night sky above, a glowing UFO hovers over the city, its presence a testament to the growing intrigue in the unknown. Keep the visual depiction simple. Do not include any words or speech bubbles.
ChatGPT: Generate a comic-book-style illustration with muted colors and a dotted halftone pattern from the 1960s. Depict a scene where a bookstore window is filled with the latest New York Times Fiction Best Sellers. There is a section dedicated to sci-fi novels with stories of alien encounters and UFO sightings, surrounded by a crowd of people holding books and discussing the surge in interest in extraterrestrial fiction. In the night sky above the city, a glowing UFO hovers as a testament to the growing intrigue in the unknown.
*Variations in the User Prompts from chart to chart are just the result of random number generation in Python. I wrote a few arrays of various styles and methods to ask questions to change up the results. Every time this site writes an explanation or generates an image, the script picks from each at random.
I sequence the requests into multiple prompts because I find GPT 3.5 to perform much better with short, well-managed contexts. Thus, I track the context directly in Python and only ask ChatGPT targeted questions.
System prompt: You provide humorous responses in the form of plausible sounding explanations for correlations. You assume the correlation is causative for the purpose of the explanation even if it is ridiculous. You do not chat with the user, you only reply with the causal connection explanation and nothing else.
User prompt: Please make up a funny explanation for how an increase in UFO sightings in Illinois caused New York Times Fiction Best Sellers to increase. Include one good pun.
AI academic paper
 |
Luminous Glimpses and Literary Hits: An Interstellar Investigation of UFO Sightings and Best-Selling Writings The Journal of Extraterrestrial Encounters and Literary Intrigues Jan 2024 Reminder: This paper is AI-generated. Not real! |
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You write titles and abstracts of goofy academic research papers.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, and add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please draft the title and abstract of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between UFO sightings in Illinois and New York Times Fiction Best Sellers. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.
Rhyme words in the title.
Your research team used data from National UFO Reporting Center and Hawes to assess this nagging question. You found a correlation coefficient of 0.8728716 and p < 0.01 for 1975 to 2014.
Please respond in this format (replace "Lorem ipsum dolor sit" with your title and abstract)
[[TITLE]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit
[[ABSTRACT]]
Lorem ipsum dolor sit
ChatGPT:
[[TITLE]]
Luminous Glimpses and Literary Hits: An Interstellar Investigation of UFO Sightings and Best-Selling Writings
[[ABSTRACT]]
Our research delves into the intriguing intersection of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) and acclaimed literary works to shed light on a celestial connection that has long been overshadowed. Leveraging data from the National UFO Reporting Center and Hawes, we embarked on a unique and, dare we say, otherworldly exploration focused on assessing the correlation between UFO sightings in Illinois and New York Times Fiction Best Sellers. Our findings reveal a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.8728716 along with a p-value less than 0.01 for the time span of 1975 to 2014, suggesting a strong association between extraterrestrial encounters and literary accomplishments. This study not only unveils a celestial thread woven through the fabric of popular literature but also highlights the cosmic influence on earthly creativity, leaving us to ponder whether a dash of intergalactic inspiration might have contributed to the soaring success of certain best-selling novels.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the introduction section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the introduction section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between UFO sightings in Illinois and New York Times Fiction Best Sellers. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.
Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Luminous Glimpses and Literary Hits: An Interstellar Investigation of UFO Sightings and Best-Selling Writings
[[ABSTRACT]]
Our research delves into the intriguing intersection of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) and acclaimed literary works to shed light on a celestial connection that has long been overshadowed. Leveraging data from the National UFO Reporting Center and Hawes, we embarked on a unique and, dare we say, otherworldly exploration focused on assessing the correlation between UFO sightings in Illinois and New York Times Fiction Best Sellers. Our findings reveal a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.8728716 along with a p-value less than 0.01 for the time span of 1975 to 2014, suggesting a strong association between extraterrestrial encounters and literary accomplishments. This study not only unveils a celestial thread woven through the fabric of popular literature but also highlights the cosmic influence on earthly creativity, leaving us to ponder whether a dash of intergalactic inspiration might have contributed to the soaring success of certain best-selling novels.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
ChatGPT:
INTRODUCTION
The search for extraterrestrial life has long captivated the human imagination, sparking countless works of science fiction that imagine encounters with beings from distant planets. While the exploration of alien worlds and interstellar encounters has been a staple of fiction, the real-world phenomena of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) have often remained cloaked in skepticism and mystery. Astrophysicists, astronomers, and ufologists have spun countless theories and speculations regarding these elusive phenomena, but the etymology of UFO sightings in connection to earthly events like literary successes has largely evaded systematic inquiry.
In this paper, we embark on a cosmic escapade to unravel the celestial enigma surrounding UFO sightings and best-selling literary works. We dabble in the uncharted realms of statistical analysis, traversing data from the National UFO Reporting Center and juxtaposing it with the illustrious catalog of New York Times Fiction Best Sellers. Our pursuit is as grand as it is speculative, as we seek to unveil the potential intersection of intergalactic wanderings and literary triumphs. As this cosmic inquiry unfolds, we exhort our readers to beckon their sense of wonder and readiness to entertain the improbable, for the stars hold mysteries that often defy the conventions of earthly existence.
As we stretch the boundaries of empirical inquiry, we invite our fellow scholars to join us in this odyssey of scientific discovery and—dare we say—cosmic whimsy. After all, a celestial correlation may just be the rocket fuel of innovation and inspiration that propels the pen of an otherworldly best-selling author.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft a literature review section of an academic research paper, that starts out dry for the first few sentences but then becomes hilarious and goofy.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up a literature review section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between UFO sightings in Illinois and New York Times Fiction Best Sellers. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns.
Speak in the present tense for this section (the authors find...), as is common in academic research paper literature reviews. Name the sources in a format similar to this: In "Book," the authors find lorem and ipsum.
Make up the lorem and ipsum part, but make it sound related to the topic at hand.
Start by naming serious-sounding studies by authors like Smith, Doe, and Jones - but then quickly devolve. Name some real non-fiction books that would be related to the topic. Then name some real fiction books that sound like they could be related. Then devolve ever further, and mention something completely ridiculous, like you conducted literature review by reading CVS receipts.
Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Luminous Glimpses and Literary Hits: An Interstellar Investigation of UFO Sightings and Best-Selling Writings
[[ABSTRACT]]
Our research delves into the intriguing intersection of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) and acclaimed literary works to shed light on a celestial connection that has long been overshadowed. Leveraging data from the National UFO Reporting Center and Hawes, we embarked on a unique and, dare we say, otherworldly exploration focused on assessing the correlation between UFO sightings in Illinois and New York Times Fiction Best Sellers. Our findings reveal a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.8728716 along with a p-value less than 0.01 for the time span of 1975 to 2014, suggesting a strong association between extraterrestrial encounters and literary accomplishments. This study not only unveils a celestial thread woven through the fabric of popular literature but also highlights the cosmic influence on earthly creativity, leaving us to ponder whether a dash of intergalactic inspiration might have contributed to the soaring success of certain best-selling novels.
-------
And here is the introduction section that led to this literature review:
[[INTRODUCTION]]
INTRODUCTION
The search for extraterrestrial life has long captivated the human imagination, sparking countless works of science fiction that imagine encounters with beings from distant planets. While the exploration of alien worlds and interstellar encounters has been a staple of fiction, the real-world phenomena of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) have often remained cloaked in skepticism and mystery. Astrophysicists, astronomers, and ufologists have spun countless theories and speculations regarding these elusive phenomena, but the etymology of UFO sightings in connection to earthly events like literary successes has largely evaded systematic inquiry.
In this paper, we embark on a cosmic escapade to unravel the celestial enigma surrounding UFO sightings and best-selling literary works. We dabble in the uncharted realms of statistical analysis, traversing data from the National UFO Reporting Center and juxtaposing it with the illustrious catalog of New York Times Fiction Best Sellers. Our pursuit is as grand as it is speculative, as we seek to unveil the potential intersection of intergalactic wanderings and literary triumphs. As this cosmic inquiry unfolds, we exhort our readers to beckon their sense of wonder and readiness to entertain the improbable, for the stars hold mysteries that often defy the conventions of earthly existence.
As we stretch the boundaries of empirical inquiry, we invite our fellow scholars to join us in this odyssey of scientific discovery and—dare we say—cosmic whimsy. After all, a celestial correlation may just be the rocket fuel of innovation and inspiration that propels the pen of an otherworldly best-selling author.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
ChatGPT:
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
This literature review section critically synthesizes existing studies relating to UFO sightings and best-selling literary works. Our inquiry into this unique celestial-terrestrial nexus has navigated through a constellation of scholarly works and—dare we say—some quirkier sources. We commence with a discussion of serious investigations before delving into more imaginative realms.
Smith (2007) conducts a comprehensive analysis of UFO sightings in Illinois, identifying patterns and spatial distributions that tantalize the mind. Doe (2012) offers an insightful exploration of the psychological impact of witnessing UFOs, shedding light on the perturbations of earthly perception when confronted with otherworldly phenomena. Jones (2015) delves into the cultural significance of UFO sightings, positing that these encounters serve as a unique mirror through which humanity reflects upon its own existential musings.
Turning the page to non-fictional literature, "UFOs: Generals, Pilots, and Government Officials Go on the Record" by Leslie Kean (2010) offers a sobering account of UFO sightings and encounters, drawing on testimonials from credible sources that defy facile dismissals. In "The UFO Experience: A Scientific Inquiry" by J. Allen Hynek (1972), the author presents a meticulous examination of UFO sightings through a scholarly lens, seeking to disentangle fact from fiction in the convoluted tapestry of ufology.
Venturing into the myriad dimensions of fiction, one cannot overlook the interstellar odysseys depicted in "The Left Hand of Darkness" by Ursula K. Le Guin (1969) and the cosmic intrigue masterfully woven into "Contact" by Carl Sagan (1985). Moreover, the iconic musings on cosmic enigmas and existential meanderings in Douglas Adams' "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" (1979) beckon readers into an intergalactic escapade that is as whimsical as it is introspective.
In our endeavor to uncover unconventional sources, we stumbled upon an unforeseen trove of wisdom—namely, CVS receipts. While these ubiquitous slips of paper may seem mundane, their potential to obscurely elucidate the interplay between UFO sightings and literary hits should not be discounted. Perhaps the juxtaposition of cosmic wonders and mundane essentials offers a cryptic allegory for the interconnectedness of the universe—or perhaps we need to indulge in a healthy dose of caffeine after poring over too many UFO reports.
In light of the multifarious analyses we have engaged with, we shall now pivot to our empirical investigation, where we seek to wed quantitative rigor with a cosmic caprice to unravel the enigmatic connection between celestial apparitions and literary triumphs.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the methodology section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the methodology section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between UFO sightings in Illinois and New York Times Fiction Best Sellers. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.
Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from National UFO Reporting Center and Hawes . You used data from 1975 to 2014
Make up the research methods you don't know. Make them a bit goofy and convoluted.
Here is the title, abstract, and introduction of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Luminous Glimpses and Literary Hits: An Interstellar Investigation of UFO Sightings and Best-Selling Writings
[[ABSTRACT]]
Our research delves into the intriguing intersection of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) and acclaimed literary works to shed light on a celestial connection that has long been overshadowed. Leveraging data from the National UFO Reporting Center and Hawes, we embarked on a unique and, dare we say, otherworldly exploration focused on assessing the correlation between UFO sightings in Illinois and New York Times Fiction Best Sellers. Our findings reveal a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.8728716 along with a p-value less than 0.01 for the time span of 1975 to 2014, suggesting a strong association between extraterrestrial encounters and literary accomplishments. This study not only unveils a celestial thread woven through the fabric of popular literature but also highlights the cosmic influence on earthly creativity, leaving us to ponder whether a dash of intergalactic inspiration might have contributed to the soaring success of certain best-selling novels.
[[INTRODUCTION]]
INTRODUCTION
The search for extraterrestrial life has long captivated the human imagination, sparking countless works of science fiction that imagine encounters with beings from distant planets. While the exploration of alien worlds and interstellar encounters has been a staple of fiction, the real-world phenomena of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) have often remained cloaked in skepticism and mystery. Astrophysicists, astronomers, and ufologists have spun countless theories and speculations regarding these elusive phenomena, but the etymology of UFO sightings in connection to earthly events like literary successes has largely evaded systematic inquiry.
In this paper, we embark on a cosmic escapade to unravel the celestial enigma surrounding UFO sightings and best-selling literary works. We dabble in the uncharted realms of statistical analysis, traversing data from the National UFO Reporting Center and juxtaposing it with the illustrious catalog of New York Times Fiction Best Sellers. Our pursuit is as grand as it is speculative, as we seek to unveil the potential intersection of intergalactic wanderings and literary triumphs. As this cosmic inquiry unfolds, we exhort our readers to beckon their sense of wonder and readiness to entertain the improbable, for the stars hold mysteries that often defy the conventions of earthly existence.
As we stretch the boundaries of empirical inquiry, we invite our fellow scholars to join us in this odyssey of scientific discovery and—dare we say—cosmic whimsy. After all, a celestial correlation may just be the rocket fuel of innovation and inspiration that propels the pen of an otherworldly best-selling author.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
ChatGPT:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
Data Collection:
Our investigation commenced with a thorough scouring of the virtual cosmos – chiefly, the National UFO Reporting Center and Hawes – for reports of UFO sightings in the illustrious states of Illinois and New York. We extracted data covering the period from 1975 to 2014, a timeframe that spans the cosmic ballet of UFO sightings and the literary comings and goings of New York Times Fiction Best Sellers.
Quantitative Analysis:
To illuminate the celestial confluence of UFO sightings and literary prowess, we employed a statistical approach so rigorous that it could rival the gravitational pull of a black hole. Our analysis bore the weight of a robust correlation coefficient calculation, valiantly venturing into the uncharted territory of 0.8728716. With a p-value less than 0.01 arriving as if propelled by hyperdrive, the findings unveiled a correlation so striking that it seemed to beckon from light years away.
Variable Considerations:
The variables underpinning our cosmic investigation were not to be taken lightly – after all, the stakes were as high as the stars themselves. UFO sightings were charted against both the shimmering skyline of Illinois and the radiant domain of New York to discern any cosmic winks and nudges in the direction of Best Sellers. Meanwhile, the literary achievements of New York Times Fiction Best Sellers were weighed against the cosmic tapestry of UFO sightings to paint a portrait of interstellar inspiration.
Analyzing this data amounted to a cosmic puzzle, one that required the finesse of an astronaut navigating a meteor shower. Nonetheless, we ventured boldly into the fray, navigating the celestial maze of data points and statistical plots like interstellar cartographers charting a constellation.
Ethical Considerations:
As cosmic voyagers, we remained steadfast in our commitment to scientific rigor and ethical conduct. Our data collection adhered to the principles of transparency and veracity, ensuring that our cosmic cartography was untainted by the cosmic dust of bias or misrepresentation. The cosmic dance of statistics demanded nothing less, and so we dutifully upheld the cosmic laws of empirical inquiry with the utmost probity.
In summary, our methodology made for a cosmic ballet of data collection, statistical analysis, and ethical scrutiny, intertwining the earthly realm of literary success with the luminous glimmers of UFO sightings in a celestial waltz that defied the bounds of conventional scientific inquiry.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the results section of an academic research paper. You speak in the past tense (you found...).
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the results section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between UFO sightings in Illinois and New York Times Fiction Best Sellers. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.
Your research team collected data from all across the internet, but mostly just used information from National UFO Reporting Center and Hawes .
For the time period 1975 to 2014, you found a correlation 0.8728716, r-squared of 0.7619048, and p < 0.01.
One figure will be included. The figure (Fig. 1) is a scatterplot showing the strong correlation between the two variables. You don't need to specify where; I will add the figure.
Here is the title and abstract of the paper:
[[TITLE]]
Luminous Glimpses and Literary Hits: An Interstellar Investigation of UFO Sightings and Best-Selling Writings
[[ABSTRACT]]
Our research delves into the intriguing intersection of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) and acclaimed literary works to shed light on a celestial connection that has long been overshadowed. Leveraging data from the National UFO Reporting Center and Hawes, we embarked on a unique and, dare we say, otherworldly exploration focused on assessing the correlation between UFO sightings in Illinois and New York Times Fiction Best Sellers. Our findings reveal a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.8728716 along with a p-value less than 0.01 for the time span of 1975 to 2014, suggesting a strong association between extraterrestrial encounters and literary accomplishments. This study not only unveils a celestial thread woven through the fabric of popular literature but also highlights the cosmic influence on earthly creativity, leaving us to ponder whether a dash of intergalactic inspiration might have contributed to the soaring success of certain best-selling novels.
-------
And here is the methodology section that led to this result:
[[METHODOLOGY]]
INTRODUCTION
The search for extraterrestrial life has long captivated the human imagination, sparking countless works of science fiction that imagine encounters with beings from distant planets. While the exploration of alien worlds and interstellar encounters has been a staple of fiction, the real-world phenomena of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) have often remained cloaked in skepticism and mystery. Astrophysicists, astronomers, and ufologists have spun countless theories and speculations regarding these elusive phenomena, but the etymology of UFO sightings in connection to earthly events like literary successes has largely evaded systematic inquiry.
In this paper, we embark on a cosmic escapade to unravel the celestial enigma surrounding UFO sightings and best-selling literary works. We dabble in the uncharted realms of statistical analysis, traversing data from the National UFO Reporting Center and juxtaposing it with the illustrious catalog of New York Times Fiction Best Sellers. Our pursuit is as grand as it is speculative, as we seek to unveil the potential intersection of intergalactic wanderings and literary triumphs. As this cosmic inquiry unfolds, we exhort our readers to beckon their sense of wonder and readiness to entertain the improbable, for the stars hold mysteries that often defy the conventions of earthly existence.
As we stretch the boundaries of empirical inquiry, we invite our fellow scholars to join us in this odyssey of scientific discovery and—dare we say—cosmic whimsy. After all, a celestial correlation may just be the rocket fuel of innovation and inspiration that propels the pen of an otherworldly best-selling author.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[RESULTS]]
ChatGPT:
[[RESULTS]]
The results of our investigation into the connection between UFO sightings in Illinois and New York Times Fiction Best Sellers present a compelling narrative of cosmic intrigue. Upon conducting our analyses, we uncovered a strikingly high correlation coefficient of 0.8728716, denoting a strong positive association between these seemingly disparate phenomena. Additionally, the calculated r-squared value of 0.7619048 further underscores the robustness of this relationship, suggesting that approximately 76.19% of the variability in best-selling literature can be explained by the observed UFO sightings. The associated p-value, which is less than 0.01, provides unequivocal evidence of the statistical significance of this unearthly association, affirming that the likelihood of this correlation occurring by chance is minuscule.
Furthermore, the scatterplot (Fig. 1) depicting the correlation between UFO sightings and occurrences of best-selling fiction offers a visual representation of this cosmic connection. The spread of data points on the plot neatly aligns with the trajectory of our findings, illustrating a compelling trend that beckons the discerning eye to recognize the tantalizing interplay between celestial mysteries and literary successes. As we reflect on this visual depiction, one cannot help but ponder whether the pen truly is mightier than the UFO.
In unraveling this enigmatic rapport between UFO sightings and literary triumphs, we must acknowledge the speculative nature of our inquiry. Although our findings warrant heedful consideration, we are mindful of the inherent complexities of attributing causality in an otherworldly context. Nevertheless, our results beckon a greater appreciation for the cosmic influences that may have surreptitiously shaped the narrative landscapes of esteemed literary works.
This correlation prompts us to contemplate the possibility that an extraterrestrial muse may have lent a celestial hand in fueling the creative endeavors of certain authors, igniting an intergalactic spark that propelled their works to stratospheric success. While we recognize the temptation to dismiss such suppositions as whimsical musings, the robust statistical evidence unearthed in our study compels us to approach this cosmic conundrum with the gravitas it deserves.
In summary, our findings offer a thought-provoking glimpse into the interstellar interplay between UFO sightings and literary accomplishments, inviting scholars and enthusiasts alike to venture beyond the well-trodden confines of earthly inspiration and ponder the potential cosmic sources of creative ingenuity.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of an academic research paper.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up the discussion section of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between UFO sightings in Illinois and New York Times Fiction Best Sellers. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.
Limit your response to 500 tokens.
Here are the title, abstract, literature review, and results sections. Please harken back to 1-2 of the goofy items in the literature review, but pretend to take them completely seriously. Discuss how your results supported the prior research.
Do not write a conclusion. I will add a conclusion after this.
[[TITLE]]
Luminous Glimpses and Literary Hits: An Interstellar Investigation of UFO Sightings and Best-Selling Writings
[[ABSTRACT]]
Our research delves into the intriguing intersection of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) and acclaimed literary works to shed light on a celestial connection that has long been overshadowed. Leveraging data from the National UFO Reporting Center and Hawes, we embarked on a unique and, dare we say, otherworldly exploration focused on assessing the correlation between UFO sightings in Illinois and New York Times Fiction Best Sellers. Our findings reveal a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.8728716 along with a p-value less than 0.01 for the time span of 1975 to 2014, suggesting a strong association between extraterrestrial encounters and literary accomplishments. This study not only unveils a celestial thread woven through the fabric of popular literature but also highlights the cosmic influence on earthly creativity, leaving us to ponder whether a dash of intergalactic inspiration might have contributed to the soaring success of certain best-selling novels.
[[LITERATURE REVIEW]]
This literature review section critically synthesizes existing studies relating to UFO sightings and best-selling literary works. Our inquiry into this unique celestial-terrestrial nexus has navigated through a constellation of scholarly works and—dare we say—some quirkier sources. We commence with a discussion of serious investigations before delving into more imaginative realms.
Smith (2007) conducts a comprehensive analysis of UFO sightings in Illinois, identifying patterns and spatial distributions that tantalize the mind. Doe (2012) offers an insightful exploration of the psychological impact of witnessing UFOs, shedding light on the perturbations of earthly perception when confronted with otherworldly phenomena. Jones (2015) delves into the cultural significance of UFO sightings, positing that these encounters serve as a unique mirror through which humanity reflects upon its own existential musings.
Turning the page to non-fictional literature, "UFOs: Generals, Pilots, and Government Officials Go on the Record" by Leslie Kean (2010) offers a sobering account of UFO sightings and encounters, drawing on testimonials from credible sources that defy facile dismissals. In "The UFO Experience: A Scientific Inquiry" by J. Allen Hynek (1972), the author presents a meticulous examination of UFO sightings through a scholarly lens, seeking to disentangle fact from fiction in the convoluted tapestry of ufology.
Venturing into the myriad dimensions of fiction, one cannot overlook the interstellar odysseys depicted in "The Left Hand of Darkness" by Ursula K. Le Guin (1969) and the cosmic intrigue masterfully woven into "Contact" by Carl Sagan (1985). Moreover, the iconic musings on cosmic enigmas and existential meanderings in Douglas Adams' "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" (1979) beckon readers into an intergalactic escapade that is as whimsical as it is introspective.
In our endeavor to uncover unconventional sources, we stumbled upon an unforeseen trove of wisdom—namely, CVS receipts. While these ubiquitous slips of paper may seem mundane, their potential to obscurely elucidate the interplay between UFO sightings and literary hits should not be discounted. Perhaps the juxtaposition of cosmic wonders and mundane essentials offers a cryptic allegory for the interconnectedness of the universe—or perhaps we need to indulge in a healthy dose of caffeine after poring over too many UFO reports.
In light of the multifarious analyses we have engaged with, we shall now pivot to our empirical investigation, where we seek to wed quantitative rigor with a cosmic caprice to unravel the enigmatic connection between celestial apparitions and literary triumphs.
[[RESULTS]]
The results of our investigation into the connection between UFO sightings in Illinois and New York Times Fiction Best Sellers present a compelling narrative of cosmic intrigue. Upon conducting our analyses, we uncovered a strikingly high correlation coefficient of 0.8728716, denoting a strong positive association between these seemingly disparate phenomena. Additionally, the calculated r-squared value of 0.7619048 further underscores the robustness of this relationship, suggesting that approximately 76.19% of the variability in best-selling literature can be explained by the observed UFO sightings. The associated p-value, which is less than 0.01, provides unequivocal evidence of the statistical significance of this unearthly association, affirming that the likelihood of this correlation occurring by chance is minuscule.
Furthermore, the scatterplot (Fig. 1) depicting the correlation between UFO sightings and occurrences of best-selling fiction offers a visual representation of this cosmic connection. The spread of data points on the plot neatly aligns with the trajectory of our findings, illustrating a compelling trend that beckons the discerning eye to recognize the tantalizing interplay between celestial mysteries and literary successes. As we reflect on this visual depiction, one cannot help but ponder whether the pen truly is mightier than the UFO.
In unraveling this enigmatic rapport between UFO sightings and literary triumphs, we must acknowledge the speculative nature of our inquiry. Although our findings warrant heedful consideration, we are mindful of the inherent complexities of attributing causality in an otherworldly context. Nevertheless, our results beckon a greater appreciation for the cosmic influences that may have surreptitiously shaped the narrative landscapes of esteemed literary works.
This correlation prompts us to contemplate the possibility that an extraterrestrial muse may have lent a celestial hand in fueling the creative endeavors of certain authors, igniting an intergalactic spark that propelled their works to stratospheric success. While we recognize the temptation to dismiss such suppositions as whimsical musings, the robust statistical evidence unearthed in our study compels us to approach this cosmic conundrum with the gravitas it deserves.
In summary, our findings offer a thought-provoking glimpse into the interstellar interplay between UFO sightings and literary accomplishments, inviting scholars and enthusiasts alike to venture beyond the well-trodden confines of earthly inspiration and ponder the potential cosmic sources of creative ingenuity.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[DISCUSSION]]
ChatGPT:
[[DISCUSSION]]
Our inquiry into the celestial-terrestrial nexus between UFO sightings and best-selling literature has unveiled a captivating correlation that transcends conventional paradigms of inspiration. The remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.8728716 aligns with the scholarly discourse on the cosmos' inscrutable influence on human creativity, reinforcing the notion that literary accomplishments may indeed harbor a celestial twist. Our findings fortify the convictions expressed by Smith (2007) and Jones (2015) in their respective scholarly expositions, as the statistical robustness of our results underscores the palpable association between extraterrestrial encroachments and literary feats.
The quirkier sources alluded to in the literature review, including the cryptic wisdom concealed in ubiquitous CVS receipts, may warrant a more astute scholarly investigation than initially contemplated. Fanciful as it may sound, perhaps these mundane slips of paper hold the cryptic key to unraveling the enigmatic rapport between cosmic wonders and earthly triumphs, underscoring the need to explore unconventional avenues of insight in empirical inquiries.
Our results not only bolster the scholarly discourse on cosmic interplay but equip us with statistical imprimatur to entertain the whimsical notion that celestial muses may have surreptitiously guided pens along narrative trajectories. While the inherent complexities of attributing causality in an interstellar context cannot be overstated, the robust evidence buttressing our findings compels us to imbue this cosmic conundrum with the earnest consideration it merits. As we tread the nebulous boundaries between the cosmos and creativity, it would be remiss not to entertain the possibility that a cosmic quill may indeed have reverberated across the narrative firmament, leaving its enigmatic imprint on best-selling literary works.
This research highlights the need for a cosmic shift in our scholarly engagement with literary accomplishments, inviting us to transcend the earthly realms of inspiration and contemplate the myriad interstellar influences that may have contributed to the meteoric success of certain acclaimed novels. As we gaze into the cosmic expanse for inspiration, we are reminded that the universe is not only vaster than we imagine but quite possibly wittier too, offering us a constellation of riddles to unpick as we embark on our scholarly pursuits.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You are a silly researcher writing an academic paper.You draft the discussion section of goofy academic research papers that sounds like it belongs based on the title and abstract provided.
User prompt:
Pretend you are an academic researcher. Your writing sounds like it belongs in a medical or economics journal. However, you frequently crack jokes, make puns, or add unexpected twists in your writing.
Please make up a short conclusion of an academic research paper presenting the findings of the connection between UFO sightings in Illinois and New York Times Fiction Best Sellers. Make it seem dry like academic research paper, but with lots of subtle hidden offhand remarks, jokes, goofy observations, and puns. Sneak in some jokes and clever puns about science, research, statistics, and the variables.
Limit your response to 300 tokens. At the very end, assert that no more research is needed in this area.
Here are the title, abstract, introduction, and results sections.
[[TITLE]]
Luminous Glimpses and Literary Hits: An Interstellar Investigation of UFO Sightings and Best-Selling Writings
[[ABSTRACT]]
Our research delves into the intriguing intersection of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) and acclaimed literary works to shed light on a celestial connection that has long been overshadowed. Leveraging data from the National UFO Reporting Center and Hawes, we embarked on a unique and, dare we say, otherworldly exploration focused on assessing the correlation between UFO sightings in Illinois and New York Times Fiction Best Sellers. Our findings reveal a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.8728716 along with a p-value less than 0.01 for the time span of 1975 to 2014, suggesting a strong association between extraterrestrial encounters and literary accomplishments. This study not only unveils a celestial thread woven through the fabric of popular literature but also highlights the cosmic influence on earthly creativity, leaving us to ponder whether a dash of intergalactic inspiration might have contributed to the soaring success of certain best-selling novels.
[[INTRDUCTION]]
INTRODUCTION
The search for extraterrestrial life has long captivated the human imagination, sparking countless works of science fiction that imagine encounters with beings from distant planets. While the exploration of alien worlds and interstellar encounters has been a staple of fiction, the real-world phenomena of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) have often remained cloaked in skepticism and mystery. Astrophysicists, astronomers, and ufologists have spun countless theories and speculations regarding these elusive phenomena, but the etymology of UFO sightings in connection to earthly events like literary successes has largely evaded systematic inquiry.
In this paper, we embark on a cosmic escapade to unravel the celestial enigma surrounding UFO sightings and best-selling literary works. We dabble in the uncharted realms of statistical analysis, traversing data from the National UFO Reporting Center and juxtaposing it with the illustrious catalog of New York Times Fiction Best Sellers. Our pursuit is as grand as it is speculative, as we seek to unveil the potential intersection of intergalactic wanderings and literary triumphs. As this cosmic inquiry unfolds, we exhort our readers to beckon their sense of wonder and readiness to entertain the improbable, for the stars hold mysteries that often defy the conventions of earthly existence.
As we stretch the boundaries of empirical inquiry, we invite our fellow scholars to join us in this odyssey of scientific discovery and—dare we say—cosmic whimsy. After all, a celestial correlation may just be the rocket fuel of innovation and inspiration that propels the pen of an otherworldly best-selling author.
[[RESULTS]]
The results of our investigation into the connection between UFO sightings in Illinois and New York Times Fiction Best Sellers present a compelling narrative of cosmic intrigue. Upon conducting our analyses, we uncovered a strikingly high correlation coefficient of 0.8728716, denoting a strong positive association between these seemingly disparate phenomena. Additionally, the calculated r-squared value of 0.7619048 further underscores the robustness of this relationship, suggesting that approximately 76.19% of the variability in best-selling literature can be explained by the observed UFO sightings. The associated p-value, which is less than 0.01, provides unequivocal evidence of the statistical significance of this unearthly association, affirming that the likelihood of this correlation occurring by chance is minuscule.
Furthermore, the scatterplot (Fig. 1) depicting the correlation between UFO sightings and occurrences of best-selling fiction offers a visual representation of this cosmic connection. The spread of data points on the plot neatly aligns with the trajectory of our findings, illustrating a compelling trend that beckons the discerning eye to recognize the tantalizing interplay between celestial mysteries and literary successes. As we reflect on this visual depiction, one cannot help but ponder whether the pen truly is mightier than the UFO.
In unraveling this enigmatic rapport between UFO sightings and literary triumphs, we must acknowledge the speculative nature of our inquiry. Although our findings warrant heedful consideration, we are mindful of the inherent complexities of attributing causality in an otherworldly context. Nevertheless, our results beckon a greater appreciation for the cosmic influences that may have surreptitiously shaped the narrative landscapes of esteemed literary works.
This correlation prompts us to contemplate the possibility that an extraterrestrial muse may have lent a celestial hand in fueling the creative endeavors of certain authors, igniting an intergalactic spark that propelled their works to stratospheric success. While we recognize the temptation to dismiss such suppositions as whimsical musings, the robust statistical evidence unearthed in our study compels us to approach this cosmic conundrum with the gravitas it deserves.
In summary, our findings offer a thought-provoking glimpse into the interstellar interplay between UFO sightings and literary accomplishments, inviting scholars and enthusiasts alike to venture beyond the well-trodden confines of earthly inspiration and ponder the potential cosmic sources of creative ingenuity.
-------
Your response should start like this:
[[CONCLUSION]]
ChatGPT:
[[CONCLUSION]]
As we conclude our interstellar exploration of the intersection between UFO sightings in Illinois and New York Times Fiction Best Sellers, it is evident that a celestial correlation may indeed orbit the realms of literary acclaim. The celestial thread that we have unraveled through our statistical analysis, though tinged with a hint of cosmic whimsy, exhibits a remarkably high correlation coefficient and a p-value less than 0.01, firmly asserting the statistical significance of this unearthly association. It seems that the pen of an author may indeed be guided by a stellar muse, or perhaps, just maybe, the truth is out there, waiting to inspire the next best-seller. While we acknowledge the speculative nature of our inquiry, it is undeniable that our findings provoke contemplation of the cosmic influences on creative endeavors. With that said, we dare not elevate this investigation to the level of intergalactic law, nor do we recommend altering the research funding to accommodate further cosmic inquiries. We'll leave this celestial puzzle to the stargazers and dreamers, content with our own earthly musings.
No more research in this area is needed.
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of academic journals. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding research, scientific, or academic journal that would publish a paper entited Luminous Glimpses and Literary Hits: An Interstellar Investigation of UFO Sightings and Best-Selling Writings. Respond only with the name of a fictional academic journal.
ChatGPT:
The Journal of Extraterrestrial Encounters and Literary Intrigues
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide fictional names of nonprofit research organizations and associations. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide the name of a funny but plausible sounding nonprofit, academic, or scientific association or organization that would sponsor research that resulted in a paper entited Luminous Glimpses and Literary Hits: An Interstellar Investigation of UFO Sightings and Best-Selling Writings. Respond only with the name of a fictional organization.
ChatGPT:
The Intergalactic Research Institute for Extraterrestrial Studies (IRIES)
Model: gpt-3.5-turbo-1106
System prompt: You provide potential search keywords separated by commas. You say nothing else, and you do not chat with the user.
User prompt: Please provide potential search keywords for a paper titled Luminous Glimpses and Literary Hits: An Interstellar Investigation of UFO Sightings and Best-Selling Writings with an abstract of Our research delves into the intriguing intersection of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) and acclaimed literary works to shed light on a celestial connection that has long been overshadowed. Leveraging data from the National UFO Reporting Center and Hawes, we embarked on a unique and, dare we say, otherworldly exploration focused on assessing the correlation between UFO sightings in Illinois and New York Times Fiction Best Sellers. Our findings reveal a remarkably high correlation coefficient of 0.8728716 along with a p-value less than 0.01 for the time span of 1975 to 2014, suggesting a strong association between extraterrestrial encounters and literary accomplishments. This study not only unveils a celestial thread woven through the fabric of popular literature but also highlights the cosmic influence on earthly creativity, leaving us to ponder whether a dash of intergalactic inspiration might have contributed to the soaring success of certain best-selling novels.
ChatGPT:
UFO sightings, literary works, best-selling novels, National UFO Reporting Center, Hawes data, Illinois UFO sightings, New York Times Fiction Best Sellers, correlation coefficient, p-value, extraterrestrial encounters, intergalactic inspiration, celestial influence, cosmic creativity
*There is a bunch of Python happening behind the scenes to turn this prompt sequence into a PDF.
Discover a new correlation
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Data details
UFO sightings in IllinoisDetailed data title: UFO sightings reported in Illinois
Source: National UFO Reporting Center
See what else correlates with UFO sightings in Illinois
New York Times Fiction Best Sellers
Detailed data title: Number of unique fictional books on the New York Times Best Seller List (counting repeat books only once)
Source: Hawes
See what else correlates with New York Times Fiction Best Sellers
Correlation is a measure of how much the variables move together. If it is 0.99, when one goes up the other goes up. If it is 0.02, the connection is very weak or non-existent. If it is -0.99, then when one goes up the other goes down. If it is 1.00, you probably messed up your correlation function.
r2 = 0.7619048 (Coefficient of determination)
This means 76.2% of the change in the one variable (i.e., New York Times Fiction Best Sellers) is predictable based on the change in the other (i.e., UFO sightings in Illinois) over the 40 years from 1975 through 2014.
p < 0.01, which is statistically significant(Null hypothesis significance test)
The p-value is 2.1E-13. 0.0000000000002104602293680417
The p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme. More specifically the p-value is a measure of how probable it is that we would randomly find a result this extreme if we had only tested one pair of variables one time.
But I am a p-villain. I absolutely did not test only one pair of variables one time. I correlated hundreds of millions of pairs of variables. I threw boatloads of data into an industrial-sized blender to find this correlation.
Who is going to stop me? p-value reporting doesn't require me to report how many calculations I had to go through in order to find a low p-value!
On average, you will find a correaltion as strong as 0.87 in 2.1E-11% of random cases. Said differently, if you correlated 4,751,491,543,095 random variables You don't actually need 4 trillion variables to find a correlation like this one. I don't have that many variables in my database. You can also correlate variables that are not independent. I do this a lot.
p-value calculations are useful for understanding the probability of a result happening by chance. They are most useful when used to highlight the risk of a fluke outcome. For example, if you calculate a p-value of 0.30, the risk that the result is a fluke is high. It is good to know that! But there are lots of ways to get a p-value of less than 0.01, as evidenced by this project.
In this particular case, the values are so extreme as to be meaningless. That's why no one reports p-values with specificity after they drop below 0.01.
Just to be clear: I'm being completely transparent about the calculations. There is no math trickery. This is just how statistics shakes out when you calculate hundreds of millions of random correlations.
with the same 39 degrees of freedom, Degrees of freedom is a measure of how many free components we are testing. In this case it is 39 because we have two variables measured over a period of 40 years. It's just the number of years minus ( the number of variables minus one ), which in this case simplifies to the number of years minus one.
you would randomly expect to find a correlation as strong as this one.
[ 0.77, 0.93 ] 95% correlation confidence interval (using the Fisher z-transformation)
The confidence interval is an estimate the range of the value of the correlation coefficient, using the correlation itself as an input. The values are meant to be the low and high end of the correlation coefficient with 95% confidence.
This one is a bit more complciated than the other calculations, but I include it because many people have been pushing for confidence intervals instead of p-value calculations (for example: NEJM. However, if you are dredging data, you can reliably find yourself in the 5%. That's my goal!
All values for the years included above: If I were being very sneaky, I could trim years from the beginning or end of the datasets to increase the correlation on some pairs of variables. I don't do that because there are already plenty of correlations in my database without monkeying with the years.
Still, sometimes one of the variables has more years of data available than the other. This page only shows the overlapping years. To see all the years, click on "See what else correlates with..." link above.
| 1975 | 1976 | 1977 | 1978 | 1979 | 1980 | 1981 | 1982 | 1983 | 1984 | 1985 | 1986 | 1987 | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | |
| UFO sightings in Illinois (UFO sightings) | 11 | 8 | 12 | 9 | 14 | 9 | 4 | 7 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 10 | 8 | 12 | 8 | 5 | 12 | 1 | 4 | 14 | 11 | 54 | 63 | 100 | 88 | 127 | 86 | 88 | 196 | 202 | 136 | 171 | 154 | 132 | 195 | 214 | 262 | 167 | 163 |
| New York Times Fiction Best Sellers (NYT Best Sellers) | 4 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 9 | 7 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 9 | 10 | 9 | 10 | 5 | 10 | 9 | 12 | 10 | 13 | 12 | 14 | 21 | 23 | 14 | 14 | 23 | 20 | 20 | 34 | 35 | 31 | 36 | 35 | 31 | 20 |
Why this works
- Data dredging: I have 25,153 variables in my database. I compare all these variables against each other to find ones that randomly match up. That's 632,673,409 correlation calculations! This is called “data dredging.” Instead of starting with a hypothesis and testing it, I instead abused the data to see what correlations shake out. It’s a dangerous way to go about analysis, because any sufficiently large dataset will yield strong correlations completely at random.
- Lack of causal connection: There is probably
Because these pages are automatically generated, it's possible that the two variables you are viewing are in fact causually related. I take steps to prevent the obvious ones from showing on the site (I don't let data about the weather in one city correlate with the weather in a neighboring city, for example), but sometimes they still pop up. If they are related, cool! You found a loophole.
no direct connection between these variables, despite what the AI says above. This is exacerbated by the fact that I used "Years" as the base variable. Lots of things happen in a year that are not related to each other! Most studies would use something like "one person" in stead of "one year" to be the "thing" studied. - Observations not independent: For many variables, sequential years are not independent of each other. If a population of people is continuously doing something every day, there is no reason to think they would suddenly change how they are doing that thing on January 1. A simple
Personally I don't find any p-value calculation to be 'simple,' but you know what I mean.
p-value calculation does not take this into account, so mathematically it appears less probable than it really is.
Try it yourself
You can calculate the values on this page on your own! Try running the Python code to see the calculation results. Step 1: Download and install Python on your computer.Step 2: Open a plaintext editor like Notepad and paste the code below into it.
Step 3: Save the file as "calculate_correlation.py" in a place you will remember, like your desktop. Copy the file location to your clipboard. On Windows, you can right-click the file and click "Properties," and then copy what comes after "Location:" As an example, on my computer the location is "C:\Users\tyler\Desktop"
Step 4: Open a command line window. For example, by pressing start and typing "cmd" and them pressing enter.
Step 5: Install the required modules by typing "pip install numpy", then pressing enter, then typing "pip install scipy", then pressing enter.
Step 6: Navigate to the location where you saved the Python file by using the "cd" command. For example, I would type "cd C:\Users\tyler\Desktop" and push enter.
Step 7: Run the Python script by typing "python calculate_correlation.py"
If you run into any issues, I suggest asking ChatGPT to walk you through installing Python and running the code below on your system. Try this question:
"Walk me through installing Python on my computer to run a script that uses scipy and numpy. Go step-by-step and ask me to confirm before moving on. Start by asking me questions about my operating system so that you know how to proceed. Assume I want the simplest installation with the latest version of Python and that I do not currently have any of the necessary elements installed. Remember to only give me one step per response and confirm I have done it before proceeding."
# These modules make it easier to perform the calculation
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats
# We'll define a function that we can call to return the correlation calculations
def calculate_correlation(array1, array2):
# Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient and p-value
correlation, p_value = stats.pearsonr(array1, array2)
# Calculate R-squared as the square of the correlation coefficient
r_squared = correlation**2
return correlation, r_squared, p_value
# These are the arrays for the variables shown on this page, but you can modify them to be any two sets of numbers
array_1 = np.array([11,8,12,9,14,9,4,7,5,4,4,3,10,8,12,8,5,12,1,4,14,11,54,63,100,88,127,86,88,196,202,136,171,154,132,195,214,262,167,163,])
array_2 = np.array([4,3,4,5,9,7,5,6,6,7,10,9,9,7,9,10,9,10,5,10,9,12,10,13,12,14,21,23,14,14,23,20,20,34,35,31,36,35,31,20,])
array_1_name = "UFO sightings in Illinois"
array_2_name = "New York Times Fiction Best Sellers"
# Perform the calculation
print(f"Calculating the correlation between {array_1_name} and {array_2_name}...")
correlation, r_squared, p_value = calculate_correlation(array_1, array_2)
# Print the results
print("Correlation Coefficient:", correlation)
print("R-squared:", r_squared)
print("P-value:", p_value)Reuseable content
You may re-use the images on this page for any purpose, even commercial purposes, without asking for permission. The only requirement is that you attribute Tyler Vigen. Attribution can take many different forms. If you leave the "tylervigen.com" link in the image, that satisfies it just fine. If you remove it and move it to a footnote, that's fine too. You can also just write "Charts courtesy of Tyler Vigen" at the bottom of an article.You do not need to attribute "the spurious correlations website," and you don't even need to link here if you don't want to. I don't gain anything from pageviews. There are no ads on this site, there is nothing for sale, and I am not for hire.
For the record, I am just one person. Tyler Vigen, he/him/his. I do have degrees, but they should not go after my name unless you want to annoy my wife. If that is your goal, then go ahead and cite me as "Tyler Vigen, A.A. A.A.S. B.A. J.D." Otherwise it is just "Tyler Vigen."
When spoken, my last name is pronounced "vegan," like I don't eat meat.
Full license details.
For more on re-use permissions, or to get a signed release form, see tylervigen.com/permission.
Download images for these variables:
- High resolution line chart
The image linked here is a Scalable Vector Graphic (SVG). It is the highest resolution that is possible to achieve. It scales up beyond the size of the observable universe without pixelating. You do not need to email me asking if I have a higher resolution image. I do not. The physical limitations of our universe prevent me from providing you with an image that is any higher resolution than this one.
If you insert it into a PowerPoint presentation (a tool well-known for managing things that are the scale of the universe), you can right-click > "Ungroup" or "Create Shape" and then edit the lines and text directly. You can also change the colors this way.
Alternatively you can use a tool like Inkscape. - High resolution line chart, optimized for mobile
- Alternative high resolution line chart
- Scatterplot
- Portable line chart (png)
- Portable line chart (png), optimized for mobile
- Line chart for only UFO sightings in Illinois
- Line chart for only New York Times Fiction Best Sellers
- AI-generated correlation image
- The spurious research paper: Luminous Glimpses and Literary Hits: An Interstellar Investigation of UFO Sightings and Best-Selling Writings
You're a rater extraordinaire!
Correlation ID: 3632 · Black Variable ID: 1156 · Red Variable ID: 96
